Candida albicans biofilms: building a heterogeneous, drug-tolerant environment
Abstract
Fungi are able to form biofilms on medical implants, causing serious infections. A better understanding of fungal biofilm formation is necessary to develop tools for detection or prevention and to identify new antifungal strategies. This review explores recent advances in the characterization at the molecular level of fungal biofilms, especially those formed by the yeast Candida albicans: the identification of complex transcriptional networks that control their formation; the pivotal role of the extracellular matrix in biofilm antifungal tolerance; and the knowledge gained on the physiology of biofilm cells and heterogeneity within these communities. These findings may help develop new, targeted therapeutic strategies.
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In addition to the 6 master transcriptional regulators, another 44 transcriptional regulators have been identified; if any is deleted, some aspect of C. albicans biofilm formation is affected under at least one condition.
“In addition to the 6 master transcriptional regulators discussed above, another 44 transcriptional regulators have been identified; if any of these is deleted, some aspect of C. albicans biofilm formation is affected under at least one condition (Table 1; revised from 61 and 18).”
From <i>Candida albicans</i> Biofilms and Human Disease (2015) · cites this paper as [18]
Current antifungal drugs have only two specific targets: ergosterol biosynthesis and 1,3-β-D-glucan synthesis.
“Current antifungal drugs have only two specific targets (ergosterol biosynthesis and 1,3-β-D-glucan synthesis)”
From <i>Candida albicans</i> Biofilms and Human Disease (2015) · cites this paper as [18]
It is widely believed that antifungal drugs with new mechanisms of action are needed.
“and it is widely believed that antifungal drugs with new mechanisms of action are needed (4, 18, 79).”
From <i>Candida albicans</i> Biofilms and Human Disease (2015) · cites this paper as [18]
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- Authors
- Bonhomme, J., & d’Enfert, C.
- Affiliations
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen Normandie (FR)
- Institut Pasteur (FR)
- Corresponding author
- d’Enfert, Christophe
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Microbiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-08
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 398-403
- ISSN
- 1369-5274 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2077255553
- Cited by
- 120
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Microbiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-08-MIE-033-01, ANR-10-01)
- French Government's Investissement d’Avenir program, Laboratoire d’Excellence (ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID)
- European Commission (PITN-GA-2008-214004)
- Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (DEA20080713005)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Keywords
- Candida albicans, fungal biofilms, biofilm heterogeneity, antifungal drug tolerance, extracellular matrix, transcriptional regulatory networks, biofilm physiology, medical device infections
- MeSH terms
- Antifungal Agents, Candida albicans, Drug Tolerance, Biofilms
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