Cited by 1,423CRISPR and Genetic EngineeringBacterial Genetics and BiotechnologyRNA regulation and disease

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Diversity, classification and evolution of CRISPR-Cas systems

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Koonin, Eugene V, Makarova, Kira S, Zhang, Feng·2017·Current Opinion in Microbiology

DOI 10.1016/j.mib.2017.05.008PMC PMC5776717

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Abstract

The bacterial and archaeal CRISPR-Cas systems of adaptive immunity show remarkable diversity of protein composition, effector complex structure, genome locus architecture and mechanisms of adaptation, pre-CRISPR (cr)RNA processing and interference. The CRISPR-Cas systems belong to two classes, with multi-subunit effector complexes in Class 1 and single-protein effector modules in Class 2. Concerted genomic and experimental efforts on comprehensive characterization of Class 2 CRISPR-Cas systems led to the identification of two new types and several subtypes. The newly characterized type VI systems are the first among the CRISPR-Cas variants to exclusively target RNA. Unexpectedly, in some of the class 2 systems, the effector protein is additionally responsible for the pre-crRNA processing. Comparative analysis of the effector complexes indicates that Class 2 systems evolved from mobile genetic elements on multiple, independent occasions.

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Authors: Koonin, E. V., Makarova, K. S., & Zhang, F.
Affiliations: United States National Library of Medicine (US)
Broad Institute (US)
Corresponding author: Koonin, Eugene V
ORCID: Koonin, Eugene V
Makarova, Kira S
Zhang, Feng
Venue: Current Opinion in Microbiology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2017-06
Volume: 37
Pages: 67-78
ISSN: 1369-5274 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2017.05.008
PMC: PMC5776717
OpenAlex: W2623277795
Cited by: 1,423
References: 73
Citations by year: 2026: 70 · 2025: 139 · 2024: 157 · 2023: 136 · 2022: 184 · 2021: 191 · 2020: 178 · 2019: 206 · 2018: 127 · 2017: 33
FWCI: 13.98
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Current Opinion in Microbiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
U.S. National Library of Medicine (Z01LM000073)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA regulation and disease
Keywords: CRISPR-Cas, adaptive immunity, mobile genetic elements, CRISPR adaptation, comparative genomics
MeSH terms: Archaea, Bacteria, Genetic Variation, Evolution, Molecular, CRISPR-Cas Systems

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Diversity, classification and evolution of CRISPR-Cas systems

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