Circadian rhythms and exercise — re-setting the clock in metabolic disease

Gabriel, Brendan M.; Zierath, Juleen R.

doi:10.1038/s41574-018-0150-x

Cited by 382Circadian rhythm and melatoninSleep and Work-Related FatigueExercise and Physiological Responses

Circadian rhythms and exercise — re-setting the clock in metabolic disease

Gabriel, Brendan M., Zierath, Juleen R.·2019·Nature Reviews Endocrinology

DOI 10.1038/s41574-018-0150-x

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Abstract

Perturbed diurnal rhythms are becoming increasingly evident as deleterious events in the pathology of metabolic diseases. Exercise is well characterized as a crucial intervention in the prevention and treatment of individuals with metabolic diseases. Little is known, however, regarding optimizing the timing of exercise bouts in order to maximize their health benefits. Furthermore, exercise is a potent modulator of skeletal muscle metabolism, and it is clear that skeletal muscle has a strong circadian profile. In humans, mitochondrial function peaks in the late afternoon, and the circadian clock might be inherently impaired in myotubes from patients with metabolic disease. Timing exercise bouts to coordinate with an individual's circadian rhythms might be an efficacious strategy to optimize the health benefits of exercise. The role of exercise as a Zeitgeber can also be used as a tool in combating metabolic disease. Shift work is known to induce acute insulin resistance, and appropriately timed exercise might improve health markers in shift workers who are at risk of metabolic disease. In this Review, we discuss the literature regarding diurnal skeletal muscle metabolism and the interaction with exercise bouts at different times of the day to combat metabolic disease.

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Modern lifestyle circadian disruptions include poor-quality diet, improper meal timing and altered feeding-fasting behavior, sub-optimal exercise timing, disrupted sleep-wake cycles, shift work, EDC, and stress.
“These include poor-quality diet [232], improper meal timing and altered feeding-fasting behavior [233,234], sub-optimal exercise timing [235], disrupted sleep-wake cycles [236], shift work [237], EDC [238], and stress [239,240].”
From Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Evolutionary Adaptation to Lifestyle and the Environment (2022) · cites this paper as [235]
Exercise timing relative to circadian rhythms, fed-fasting status and post-exercise dietary composition may influence metabolic outcomes.
“exercise timing relative to circadian rhythms21, fed-fasting status22 or post-exercise dietary composition23 might influence metabolic outcomes.”
From Exerkines in health, resilience and disease (2022) · cites this paper as [21]

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Authors: Gabriel, B. M., & Zierath, J. R.
Affiliations: Karolinska Institutet (SE)
University of Copenhagen (DK)
Corresponding author: Zierath, Juleen R.
ORCID: Gabriel, Brendan M.
Zierath, Juleen R.
Venue: Nature Reviews Endocrinology
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2019-01-17
Volume: 15
Issue: 4
Pages: 197-206
ISSN: 1759-5029 (ISSN-L)
1759-5037
DOI: 10.1038/s41574-018-0150-x
OpenAlex: W2910358458
Cited by: 382
References: 124
Citations by year: 2026: 67 · 2025: 46 · 2024: 64 · 2023: 60 · 2022: 55 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 15
FWCI: 4.35
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Nature Reviews Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (publishedVersion)
Funders: Novo Nordisk
Novo Nordisk Fonden (NNF17OC0030088, NNF14OC0011493)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
Keywords: circadian rhythm, exercise timing, metabolic disorders, skeletal muscle metabolism, circadian clock, clock-controlled genes, mitochondrial function, shift work, insulin resistance, zeitgebers, exercise intervention
MeSH terms: Healthy Lifestyle, Circadian Rhythm, Female, Humans, Male, Metabolic Diseases, Exercise, Exercise Tolerance, Muscle, Skeletal, Resistance Training, Circadian Clocks

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Circadian rhythms and exercise — re-setting the clock in metabolic disease

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