Elevated microRNA-181c and microRNA-30d levels in the enlarged amygdala of the valproic acid rat model of autism
Open accessAbstract
Autism spectrum disorders are severe neurodevelopmental disorders, marked by impairments in reciprocal social interaction, delays in early language and communication, and the presence of restrictive, repetitive and stereotyped behaviors. Accumulating evidence suggests that dysfunction of the amygdala may be partially responsible for the impairment of social behavior that is a hallmark feature of ASD. Our studies suggest that a valproic acid (VPA) rat model of ASD exhibits an enlargement of the amygdala as compared to controls rats, similar to that observed in adolescent ASD individuals. Since recent research suggests that altered neuronal development and morphology, as seen in ASD, may result from a common post-transcriptional process that is under tight regulation by microRNAs (miRs), we examined genome-wide transcriptomics expression in the amygdala of rats prenatally exposed to VPA, and detected elevated miR-181c and miR-30d expression levels as well as dysregulated expression of their cognate mRNA targets encoding proteins involved in neuronal system development. Furthermore, selective suppression of miR-181c function attenuates neurite outgrowth and branching, and results in reduced synaptic density in primary amygdalar neurons in vitro. Collectively, these results implicate the small non-coding miR-181c in neuronal morphology, and provide a framework of understanding how dysregulation of a neurodevelopmentally relevant miR in the amygdala may contribute to the pathophysiology of ASD.
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In prenatal VPA models, the cerebellum decreases in size and the amygdala increases in size.
“Other brain areas that are affected include the cerebellum which decreases in size [247], and the amygdala which increases in size [265].”
From Autism spectrum disorder: neuropathology and animal models (2017) · cites this paper as [265]
Higher dose VPA exposure in rodents results in reduced brain weight, whereas lower dose does not affect brain weight.
“Exposure to a higher dose of VPA in rodents results in reduced brain weight [250, 265], whereas a lower dose does not affect brain weight [331].”
From Autism spectrum disorder: neuropathology and animal models (2017) · cites this paper as [265]
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Autism spectrum disorder: neuropathology and animal models
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- Authors
- Olde Loohuis, N. F. M., Kole, K., Glennon, J. C., Karel, P., Van der Borg, G., Van Gemert, Y., Van den Bosch, D., Meinhardt, J., Kos, A., Shahabipour, F., Tiesinga, P., van Bokhoven, H., Martens, G. J. M., Kaplan, B. B., Homberg, J. R., & Aschrafi, A.
- Affiliations
- Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
- Radboud University Medical Center (NL)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Aschrafi, A.
- Venue
- Neurobiology of Disease
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-08
- Volume
- 80
- Pages
- 42-53
- ISSN
- 0969-9961 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7196433
- OpenAlex
- W1888783284
- Cited by
- 54
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 5
- FWCI
- 5.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Neurobiology of Disease (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Donders Center for Neuroscience fellowship
- FP7-Marie Curie International Reintegration
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, amygdala enlargement, prenatal valproic acid exposure, microRNA dysregulation, neuronal development, neurite outgrowth, synaptic density, social behavior impairment, post-transcriptional regulation
- MeSH terms
- Amygdala, Animals, Autistic Disorder, Disease Models, Animal, Neurons, Social Behavior, Valproic Acid, MicroRNAs, Rats, Transcriptome
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Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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