Cognitive reappraisal in trauma-exposed women with borderline personality disorder
Abstract
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by emotional dysregulation and a high prevalence of traumatic stress. Recent estimates suggest that 2-6% of non-clinical populations suffer from BPD. Despite this relevance, this is the first study considering the neural mechanisms underlying trauma-history and temporal features of cognitive reappraisal in non-clinical BPD patients using script-driven stimuli. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we examined subjective ratings of negative emotional experience and brain activity following up- and down-regulation of emotional responses to standardized negative scripts in 43 women: 14 trauma-exposed BPD patients (BPD), 14 trauma-exposed healthy subjects without posttraumatic stress disorder (non-PTSD), and 15 non-traumatized healthy subjects (HC). Behaviorally, all groups were able to use cognitive reappraisal to up- and down-regulate negative emotions. HC subjects showed increased early activation in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the amygdala following up-regulation of emotions to negative scripts, whereas BPD and non-PTSD subjects showed early deactivation in the PFC. Additionally, the anterior cingulate cortex was more activated in HC subjects than in BPD and non-PTSD subjects during up- and down-regulation. No significant group differences were found between BPD patients and non-PTSD. BPD patients and healthy individuals with trauma history do not engage the cognitive control regions to the extent than H…
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
A study of cognitive reappraisal of script-driven emotional induction found lower activations in rACC during up- and down-regulation in BPD subjects compared to controls.
“A study of cognitive reappraisal of a script-driven emotional induction did not show differences in lOFC but found lower activations in rACC during up- and down-regulation in BPD subjects compared to controls (Lang et al., 2012).”
From Top-Down Dysregulation—From ADHD to Emotional Instability (2016) · cites this paper as Lang et al., 2012
Cites
Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (2003) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.348 · Cited by 11,929 · cited 5× · see citing works
“The ability to process emotionally salient events and to integrate emotional experiences into daily life is of considerable importance for mental health and well-being (Baumeister and Exline, 2000; Gross and John, 2003; Salovey et al., 1993).”
InfluentialEmotion regulation: affective, cognitive, and social consequences.
Gross, J. J. (2002) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1017/s0048577201393198 · Cited by 4,890 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Reappraisal is a cognitive-linguistic strategy that alters emotional responses by changing one's interpretation of a situation (Gross, 2002; Gross and John, 2003).”
Gross, J. J. (1998) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.74.1.224 · Cited by 4,671 · cited 6× · see citing works
“The ability to process emotionally salient events and to integrate emotional experiences into daily life is of considerable importance for mental health and well-being (Baumeister and Exline, 2000; Gross and John, 2003; Salovey et al., 1993).”
InfluentialEmotional processing in anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortex
Etkin, A., Egner, T., & Kalisch, R. (2011) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2010.11.004 · Cited by 3,059 · cited 2× · see citing works
“The dorsomedial PFC and ACC are typically involved in cognitive UPregulation of negative emotions (Eippert et al., 2007; Kim and Hamann, 2007; Ochsner et al., 2004) and other emotional tasks (Etkin et al., 2011; Fan et al., 2005; Han et al., 2009; Lang et al., 2011; Pessoa, 2008).”
The activation of attentional networks
FAN, J., MCCANDLISS, B., FOSSELLA, J., FLOMBAUM, J., & POSNER, M. (2005) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.02.004 · Cited by 1,737 · see citing works
The Psychobiology of Depression and Resilience to Stress: Implications for Prevention and Treatment
Southwick, S. M., Vythilingam, M., & Charney, D. S. (2005) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.143948 · Cited by 1,160 · see citing works
Mechanisms of change in dialectical behavior therapy: theoretical and empirical observations
Lynch, T. R., Chapman, A. L., Rosenthal, M. Z., Kuo, J. R., & Linehan, M. M. (2006) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.20243 · Cited by 628 · see citing works
Neural Correlates of Positive and Negative Emotion Regulation
Kim, S. H., & Hamann, S. (2007) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2007.19.5.776 · Cited by 615 · cited 4× · see citing works
“The dorsomedial PFC and ACC are typically involved in cognitive UPregulation of negative emotions (Eippert et al., 2007; Kim and Hamann, 2007; Ochsner et al., 2004) and other emotional tasks (Etkin et al., 2011; Fan et al., 2005; Han et al., 2009; Lang et al., 2011; Pessoa, 2008).”
InfluentialEmotion Regulation Questionnaire – Eine deutschsprachige Fassung des ERQ von Gross und John
Abler, B., & Kessler, H. (2009) · Diagnostica · doi:10.1026/0012-1924.55.3.144 · Cited by 434 · see citing works
The functional neuroanatomy of reappraisal: Time matters
Kalisch, R. (2009) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2009.06.003 · Cited by 379 · see citing works
Neural mechanisms of cognitive reappraisal of negative self-beliefs in social anxiety disorder.
Goldin, P. R., Manber-Ball, T., Werner, K., Heimberg, R., & Gross, J. J. (2009) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.07.014 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
Neuronal correlates of cognitive reappraisal in borderline patients with affective instability
Schulze, L., Domes, G., Krüger, A., Berger, C., Fleischer, M., Prehn, K., Schmahl, C., Grossmann, A., Hauenstein, K., & Herpertz, S. C. (2011) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.10.025 · Cited by 266 · cited 12× · see citing works
“However, in contrast to Koenigsberg et al. (2009) and Schulze et al. (2011), we did not find enhanced activity in the amygdala or insula in BPD patients relative to HC subjects.”
InfluentialGanzel, B. L., Kim, P., Glover, G. H., & Temple, E. (2008) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.12.010 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Cognitive Reappraisal of Emotion: A Meta-Analysis of Human Neuroimaging Studies
Buhle, J. T., Silvers, J. A., Wager, T. D., Lopez, R., Onyemekwu, C., Kober, H., Weber, J., & Ochsner, K. N. (2014) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bht154 · Cited by 1,896 · see citing works
Ochsner, K. N., Silvers, J. A., & Buhle, J. T. (2012) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06751.x · Cited by 1,879 · see citing works
Neural network of cognitive emotion regulation—an ALE meta-analysis and MACM analysis
Kohn, N., Eickhoff, S. B., Scheller, M., Laird, A. R., Fox, P. T., & Habel, U. (2014) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.11.001 · Cited by 956 · see citing works
Zilverstand, A., Parvaz, M. A., & Goldstein, R. Z. (2017) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.06.009 · Cited by 360 · see citing works
Leichsenring, F., Fonagy, P., Heim, N., Kernberg, O. F., Leweke, F., Luyten, P., Salzer, S., Spitzer, C., & Steinert, C. (2024) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.21156 · Cited by 344 · see citing works
“More-over, most neuroimaging findings lack specificity to BPD and might rather relate to transdiagnostic factors of psychopathology 131,153 or to childhood maltreatment 134,147,154-157 .”
BackgroundSelf-citationRuocco, A. C., Amirthavasagam, S., Choi-Kain, L. W., & McMain, S. (2012) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.07.014 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
The Latest Neuroimaging Findings in Borderline Personality Disorder
Krause-Utz, A., Winter, D., Niedtfeld, I., & Schmahl, C. (2014) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-014-0438-z · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Top-Down Dysregulation—From ADHD to Emotional Instability
Petrovic, P., & Castellanos, F. X. (2016) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00070 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
“…in Behavioral Neuroscience | www.frontiersin.org 12 May 2016 | Volume 10 | Article 70 of a script-driven emotional induction did not show differences in lOFC but found lower activations in rACC during up- and down-regulation in BPD subjects compared to controls (Lang et al., 2012).”
ResultPowers, J. P., & LaBar, K. S. (2019) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.04.023 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Daros, A. R., & Williams, G. E. (2019) · Harvard Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/hrp.0000000000000212 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Blair, K. S., Geraci, M. F., Smith, B. W., Hollon, N. G., DeVido, J. J., Otero, M. C., Blair, J., & Pine, D. S. (2012) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.04.013 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Morawetz, C., Bode, S., Baudewig, J., Kirilina, E. P., & Heekeren, H. R. (2015) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhv005 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
“2009), scripts (Lang et al. 2012), and reward (Staudinger et al.”
Backgroundvan Zutphen, L., Siep, N., Jacob, G. A., Goebel, R., & Arntz, A. R. (2015) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.01.001 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
“Lang et al. (2012) did not find differences in brain activity between trauma-experienced BPD patients and trauma-experienced women, and therefore suggested that trauma experiences rather than BPD modulated emotional regulation.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialKuo, J. R., Khoury, J. E., Metcalfe, R., Fitzpatrick, S., & Goodwill, A. M. (2014) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.08.008 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Emotion regulation, attention to emotion, and the ventral attentional network
Viviani, R. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00746 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Hypersensitivity in Borderline Personality Disorder during Mindreading
Frick, C., Lang, S., Kotchoubey, B., Sieswerda, S., Dinu-Biringer, R., Berger, M. C., Veser, S., Essig, M., & Barnow, S. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041650 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
“Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a severe mental disorder, which is characterized by disturbance in interpersonal relations and emotional dysregulation, particularly within social contexts [6–8].”
BackgroundSelf-citationAlterations of amygdala-prefrontal connectivity with real-time fMRI neurofeedback in BPD patients.
Paret, C., Kluetsch, R., Zaehringer, J., Ruf, M., Demirakca, T., Bohus, M., Ende, G., & Schmahl, C. (2016) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsw016 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
“Those with BPD also show reduced lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation in the processing of emotions (Schulze et al., 2011, 2016; Krause-Utz et al., 2012; Lang et al., 2012).”
BackgroundDown-regulation of amygdala activation with real-time fMRI neurofeedback in a healthy female sample
Paret, C., Kluetsch, R., Ruf, M., Demirakca, T., Hoesterey, S., Ende, G., & Schmahl, C. (2014) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00299 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
“ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE published: 18 September 2014 doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00299 Down-regulation of amygdala activation with real-time fMRI neurofeedback in a healthy female sample”
BackgroundInfluentialde Wit, S. J., van der Werf, Y. D., Mataix-Cols, D., Trujillo, J. P., van Oppen, P., Veltman, D. J., & van den Heuvel, O. A. (2015) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291715001026 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
“Since reappraisal is characterized by an early recruitment of control areas (Goldin et al. 2008, 2009a, b, Hermann et al. 2009; Lang et al. 2012), the 10 s stimuli were split in an early (1st 5 s) and late (6–10 s) boxcar per condition.”
BackgroundA Neurobiological Model of Borderline Personality Disorder: Systematic and Integrative Review
Ruocco, A. C., & Carcone, D. (2016) · Harvard Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/hrp.0000000000000123 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
“A third study incorporated three standardized negative and neutral scripts and instructed participants to distance themselves from the contents of the scripts by perceiving them from a detached, third-person perspective.(148) While results across the three studies were variable, patients with BPD appeared to show less…”
ResultKrause-Utz, A., Veer, I., Rombouts, S. A., Bohus, M., Schmahl, C., & Elzinga, B. (2014) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291714000324 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
“…dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), while being instructed to inhibit emotional processing (Koenigsberg et al. 2009a; Schulze et al. 2011; Lang et al. 2012) and during cognitive inhibition tasks (Silbersweig et al. 2007).”
BackgroundKuo, J. R., Fitzpatrick, S., Metcalfe, R. K., & McMain, S. F. (2016) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2015.05.002 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
“…studies show that individuals with BPD exhibit reduced activation of the anterior cingulate cortex during reappraisal of negative auditory scripts (Lang et al., 2012) as well as reduced deactivation of the amygdala (Koenigsberg et al., 2009) and increased activation of the insula (Schulze et al.,…”
BackgroundImpact of early life adversities on human brain functioning: A coordinate-based meta-analysis
Kraaijenvanger, E. J., Pollok, T. M., Monninger, M., Kaiser, A., Brandeis, D., Banaschewski, T., & Holz, N. E. (2020) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.03.008 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Broome, M. R., He, Z., Iftikhar, M., Eyden, J., & Marwaha, S. (2015) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.01.021 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
“…dampen the effects of emotion distraction on working memory, thus providing a link between emotional arousal and cognitive impairment in BPD. Lang et al., (Lang et al., 2012) explored cognitive reappraisal and neural mechanisms underlying trauma-history in trauma-exposed individuals with BPD.”
Krause-Utz, A., Elzinga, B. M., Oei, N. Y. L., Paret, C., Niedtfeld, I., Spinhoven, P., Bohus, M., & Schmahl, C. G. (2014) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00848 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
“In BPD patients, diminished activity in the dlPFC, vlPFC (Koenigsberg et al., 2009a), ACC (Lang et al., 2012), and OFC was found during cognitive reappraisal.”
BackgroundDistinct brain structure and behavior related to ADHD and conduct disorder traits
Bayard, F., Nymberg Thunell, C., Abé, C., Almeida, R., Banaschewski, T., Barker, G., Bokde, A. L. W., Bromberg, U., Büchel, C., Quinlan, E. B., et al. (2020) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-018-0202-6 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Arens, E. A., Stopsack, M., Spitzer, C., Appel, K., Dudeck, M., Völzke, H., Grabe, H. J., & Barnow, S. (2013) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi.2013.27.2.196 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationBarnow, S., Aldinger, M., Arens, E., Ulrich, I., Spitzer, C., Grabe, H., & Stopsack, M. (2013) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi_2012_26_058 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
“Barnow, Volker et al., 2009; Barnow et al., 2011; Lang et al., 2012).”
Self-citationDetaching from the negative by reappraisal: the role of right superior frontal gyrus (BA9/32)
Falquez, R., Couto, B., Ibanez, A., Freitag, M. T., Berger, M., Arens, E., Lang, S., & Barnow, S. (2014) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00165 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
“…with negative pictures of the IAPS while becoming clear instructions of REAPPself: to decrease the induced negative emotion by perceiving the content of the stimuli in a detached, third-person perspective (as viewing the picture in a newspaper; e.g., Ochsner et al., 2004; Lang et al., 2012).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationEmotionsregulation und Psychopathologie
Barnow, S. (2012) · Psychologische Rundschau · doi:10.1026/0033-3042/a000119 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Self-citationDoll, A. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00727 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Emotion dysregulation in borderline personality disorder: A fronto–limbic imbalance?
Sicorello, M., & Schmahl, C. G. (2020) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.12.002 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Neural correlates of effective and ineffective mood induction
Kohn, N., Falkenberg, I., Kellermann, T., Eickhoff, S. B., Gur, R. C., & Habel, U. (2013) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nst055 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
“A common finding in the studies that investigated increased negative emotional reactivity (Ochsner et al., 2004; Eippert et al., 2007; Kim and Hamann, 2007; Domes et al., 2010; Schulze et al., 2011; Lang et al., 2012) is elevated amygdala activation.”
BackgroundMorandotti, N., Dima, D., Jogia, J., Frangou, S., Sala, M., Vidovich, G. Z. D., Lazzaretti, M., Gambini, F., Marraffini, E., d'Allio, G., et al. (2013) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2013.02.002 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
“…with a history of childhood abuse may be less successful in inhibiting responses when irritated or angry, as it has been found that trauma exposure is associated with less successful regulation of negative emotions (New et al., 2009) and with alterations in PFC activity (Lang et al., 2012).”
Herpertz, S., Schneider, I., Schmahl, C., & Bertsch, K. (2018) · Psychopathology · doi:10.1159/000488357 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Brandl, F., Corbi, Z. L. H., Bratec, S. M., & Sorg, C. (2019) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.07.008 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Silvers, J. A., Hubbard, A. D., Biggs, E. A., Shu, J., Fertuck, E. A., Chaudhury, S. R., Grunebaum, M. F., Weber, J., Hedy Kober, A., Chesin, M. S., et al. (2016) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2016.06.009 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
“With regards to reappraisal specifically, individuals with BPD report comparable reappraisal-related decreases in negative affect to controls, yet show different PFC and amygdala recruitment when reappraising (Koenigsberg et al., 2009a; Lang et al., 2012; Schulze et al., 2011).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialEmotion Dysregulation in Personality Disorders
Fitzpatrick, S., Dixon–Gordon, K. L., Turner, C. J., Chen, S. X., & Chapman, A. L. (2023) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-023-01418-8 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Gaia, L., Alessandro, G., Irene, M., Edoardo, P., & Harold, D. (2021) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147401 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Fitzpatrick, S., Liebman, R. E., & Monson, C. (2021) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2021.101983 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Simor, P., & Horváth, K. (2013) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/sjop.12048 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“…hippocampal, orbitofrontal, anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal structures and by oversensitive amygdalar reactivity (Driessen et al., 2000; Lang et al., 2011; Lis et al., 2007; Mauchnik & Schmahl, 2010; Minzenberg, Fan, New, Tang & Siever, 2008; Rosenthal et al., 2008; R€usch et al.,…”
Silvers, J. A., Hubbard, A. D., Chaudhury, S., Biggs, E., Shu, J., Grunebaum, M. F., Fertuck, E., Weber, J., Kober, H., Carson-Wong, A., et al. (2016) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.06.020 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“Prior research indicates that healthy controls recruit prefrontal and occipitoparietal cortex to a greater extent than individuals with BPD (Koenigsberg et al., 2009; Lang et al., 2012; Schulze et al., 2011).”
BackgroundInfluentialBuchheim, A., Erk, S., George, C. C., Kächele, H., Martius, P., Pokorny, D., Spitzer, M., & Walter, H. (2016) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00389 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“Frontiers in Human Neuroscience | www.frontiersin.org 1 August 2016 | Volume 10 | Article 389”
BackgroundNeural Changes in Borderline Personality Disorder After Dialectical Behavior Therapy–A Review
Iskric, A., & Barkley-Levenson, E. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.772081 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Schulze, L., Grove, M., Tamm, S., Renneberg, B., & Roepke, S. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-37315-x · Cited by 24 · see citing works
McLachlan, J., Mehdikhani, M., Larham, B., & Centifanti, L. C. M. (2021) · Child Psychiatry & Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-021-01169-8 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Doll, A., Sorg, C., Manoliu, A., Wöller, A. A., Meng, C., Förstl, H., Zimmer, C., Wohlschläger, A. M., & Riedl, V. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00677 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Neuroimaging and Borderline Personality Disorder
New, A. S., Pérez-Rodríguez, M. M., & Ripoll, L. H. (2012) · Psychiatric Annals · doi:10.3928/00485713-20120124-07 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Multivariate Patterns of Posterior Cortical Activity Differentiate Forms of Emotional Distancing
Powers, J. P., Graner, J. L., & LaBar, K. S. (2020) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhz273 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Fitzpatrick, S., Varma, S., & Kuo, J. R. (2020) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291720004225 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Reappraising the voices of wrath
Korb, S., Frühholz, S., & Grandjean, D. (2015) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsv051 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Subtypes in borderline patients based on reactive and regulative temperament
Sleuwaegen, E., Claes, L., Luyckx, K., Berens, A., Vogels, C., & Sabbe, B. (2017) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.11.065 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“Recently, the prevalence of BPD was estimated between 2% and 6% in community samples (Lang et al., 2012) and between 10% and 20% among inpatients and outpatients receiving treatment in mental health settings (Dubovsky & Kiefer, 2014).”
BackgroundStopyra, M. A., Simon, J. J., Rheude, C., & Nikendei, C. (2022) · Reviews in the Neurosciences · doi:10.1515/revneuro-2022-0014 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Fitzpatrick, S., Khoury, J., & Kuo, J. R. (2018) · Counselling Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.1080/09515070.2016.1211509 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“Despite growing empirical tests of this theory (e.g. Lang et al., 2012; Ruocco, Medaglia, Ayaz, & Chute, 2010; Schulze et al., 2011), it remains unclear precisely how emotion regulation is deficient among individuals with BPD features.”
BackgroundExamining the Role of Lateral Parietal Cortex in Emotional Distancing Using TMS
Powers, J. P., Davis, S. W., Neacsiu, A. D., Beynel, L., Appelbaum, L. G., & LaBar, K. S. (2020) · Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/s13415-020-00821-5 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Metcalfe, R. K., Fitzpatrick, S., & Kuo, J. R. (2017) · Personality disorders · doi:10.1037/per0000156 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“In contrast, two studies found that, compared with HCs, individuals with BPD show a different pattern of cortical activation when implementing reappraisal in response to negative stimuli (Koenigsberg et al., 2009; Lang et al., 2012).”
BackgroundResultFitzpatrick, S., & Kuo, J. R. (2016) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.05.004 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Schulze, L., Bürkner, P., Bohländer, J., & Zetsche, U. (2018) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022694 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Falquez, R., Dinu-Biringer, R., Stopsack, M., Arens, E., Wick, W., & Barnow, S. (2015) · NeuroRehabilitation (Reading, MA) · doi:10.3233/nre-151242 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationJarnecke, A. M., Miller, M. L., & South, S. C. (2015) · Personality Disorders Theory Research and Treatment · doi:10.1037/per0000157 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“In fact, previous studies show that trauma-exposed individuals with BPD have more difficulty engaging in cognitive reappraisal exercises to reduce negative emotions (Lang et al., 2012; Schulze et al., 2011).”
BackgroundStrachan, L. P., Paulik, G., Roberts, L. D., & McEvoy, P. M. (2023) · Psychology and Psychotherapy Theory Research and Practice · doi:10.1111/papt.12491 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Fitzpatrick, S., & Kuo, J. R. (2021) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2021.2018291 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“…negative emotions or electrophysiological indices of emotional responding while reappraising negative images (e.g. Baczkowski et al., 2017; Lang et al., 2012; Marissen et al., 2010), although research with neural indices is more mixed (e.g. Koenigsberg et al., 2009; Ruocco et al., 2010;…”
BackgroundFunctional MRI findings in personality disorders: A review
Zarnowski, O., Ziton, S., Holmberg, R., Musto, S., Riegle, S., Antwerp, E. V., & Santos‐Nunez, G. (2021) · Journal of Neuroimaging · doi:10.1111/jon.12924 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Wade-Bohleber, L., Boeker, H., Grimm, S., Gärtner, M., Ernst, J., Recher, D., Buergi, N., Seifritz, E., & Richter, A. (2020) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.110 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“It has been previously suggested that reduced FC of relevant brain regions may underpin both deficient emotion regulation as well as affective blunting (Frewen et al., 2008; Jatzko et al., 2006; Lang et al., 2012).”
BackgroundTo BD or not to BD: functional neuroimaging and the boundaries of bipolarity
Kuiper, S., McLean, L., & Malhi, G. S. (2012) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1586/ern.12.126 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Psychoanalyse im Spannungsfeld neurowissenschaftlicher Forschung
Buchheim, A. (2015) · Zeitschrift für Psychiatrie Psychologie und Psychotherapie · doi:10.1024/1661-4747/a000227 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
fMRI neurofeedback for disorders of emotion regulation
Young, K. D., Fine, N. B., & Hendler, T. (2021) · fMRI Neurofeedback · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-822421-2.00014-4 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Schulze, L., & Roepke, S. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-54542-9_17 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Sajadi, S. F., Riyahi, H., Sahraeeyan, Z., Sadeghi, R., Tajikzadeh, F., Mahmoudi, T., & Zargar, Y. (2015) · International Journal of School Health · doi:10.17795/intjsh-25625 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“Recently, the prevalence of BPD among non-clinical population has been estimated to be 2% to 6% (14) and it is estimated to be 10% to 20% among hospitalized and non-hospitalized cases receiving treatment in mental health clinics (15).”
BackgroundKot, E., Pluta, A., Wojciechowski, J., Wayda-Zalewska, M., Wojtczak, M., Wolak, T., & Kucharska, K. (2025) · European eating disorders review · doi:10.1002/erv.70031 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Pu, L., Li, Y.-Q., Deng, Z.-Z., Deng, C., Hu, A.-R., Wu, J., Chen, Z.-H., Yao, D.-Z., Yan, H.-M., & Yan, G.-J. (2026) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2026.1756383 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Neurowissenschaftliche Forschung und Psychotherapie bei der Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung
Winter, D., Schmahl, C., & Krause-Utz, A. (2015) · Zeitschrift für Psychiatrie Psychologie und Psychotherapie · doi:10.1024/1661-4747/a000228 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Cortical-Limbic and Default-Mode Networks in Borderline Personality Disorder
Krause-Utz, A., & Schmahl, C. G. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-59797-9_17 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Batziou, S. E., & Dan-Glauser, E. S. (2026) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/jopy.70078 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Fusina, F., Marino, M., & Angrilli, A. (2025) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2025.1599349 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“Other research indicated that the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) is deactivated during reappraisal tasks in BPD patients (Koenigsberg et al., 2009; Schulze et al., 2011; Lang et al., 2012; van Zutphen et al., 2018).”
Woolgar, S. R., Kealy, D., Cox, D. W., & Ben‐David, S. (2024) · Cogent Mental Health · doi:10.1080/28324765.2024.2313363 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“Many BPD researchers consider emotion dysregulation an underlying mechanism, which leads to other symptoms and behaviours (Hope & Chapman, 2019; Lang et al., 2012; Linehan, 1993; Sanislow et al., 2002).”
Socioemotional functioning in youth with borderline personality disorder
Pizarro-Campagna, E. (2019) · doi:10.26199/5de04a21b8d75 · Cited by 1
Using Functional Neuroimaging to Refine the Diagnostic Construct of Borderline Personality Disorder
Silverman, M. H., Schulz, S. C., & Cullen, K. R. (2016) · Journal of Neuroimaging in Psychiatry and Neurology · doi:10.17756/jnpn.2016-005 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“Overall, Lang and colleagues [180] found increased early activations in the left ACC, left medial and right dorsomedial PFC, and posterior cingulate cortex in the HC group relative to the BPD and non-PTSD groups during up-regulation and a trend toward greater ACC activation relative to the BPD group during the early s…”
BackgroundResultBorderline personality disorder and emotion dysregulation
Chapman, A. L. (2019) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579419000658 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
“Given these findings, some have speculated that BPD represents complex PTSD, suggesting that past trauma drives the ED characteristic of BPD (Cloitre, Garvert, Weiss, Carlson, & Bryant, 2014; Ford & Courtois, 2014; Trippany, Helm, & Simpson, 2006; van der Kolk, Pelcovitz, Roth, & Mandel, 1996).”
InfluentialPrefrontal Cortex Activity during Emotional Regulation Tasks by Adults
FURUHATA, R., & OKAZAKI, S. (2023) · Japanese Journal of Physiological Psychology and Psychophysiology · doi:10.5674/jjppp.2301oa
Psychoanalytic Treatment of Borderline Patients in a Day Hospital Setting
Weiss, H., & Schött, M. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-75112-2_23
Neuronale Korrelate emotionaler Dysregulation bei Patienten mit Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung
Schauer, J., Viviani, R., & Sosic-Vasic, Z. (2016) · Nervenheilkunde · doi:10.1055/s-0037-1616425
“indem sie ihren persönlichen Bezug zur Geschichte intensivieren (52).”
Background
- Authors
- Lang, S., Kotchoubey, B., Frick, C., Spitzer, C., Grabe, H. J., & Barnow, S.
- Affiliations
- Heidelberg University (DE)
- University of Tübingen (DE)
- Schön Klinik Hamburg Eilbek (DE)
- Universität Greifswald (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Barnow, Sven
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-01
- Volume
- 59
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 1727-1734
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2012387163
- Cited by
- 108
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 10.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Keywords
- cognitive reappraisal, borderline personality disorder, trauma exposure, emotional dysregulation, negative emotion regulation, prefrontal cortex, amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex, post-traumatic stress disorder, women
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Affect, Borderline Personality Disorder, Brain, Cognition, Emotions, Female, Humans, Psychological Distance, Wounds and Injuries
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
