Magnetic resonance spectroscopy reveals oral Lactobacillus promotion of increases in brain GABA, N-acetyl aspartate and glutamate
Abstract
The gut microbiome has been shown to regulate the development and functions of the enteric and central nervous systems. Its involvement in the regulation of behavior has attracted particular attention because of its potential translational importance in clinical disorders, however little is known about the pathways involved. We previously have demonstrated that administration of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (JB-1) to healthy male BALB/c mice, promotes consistent changes in GABA-A and -B receptor sub-types in specific brain regions, accompanied by reductions in anxiety and depression-related behaviors. In the present study, using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), we quantitatively assessed two clinically validated biomarkers of brain activity and function, glutamate+glutamine (Glx) and total N-acetyl aspartate+N-acetyl aspartyl glutamic acid (tNAA), as well as GABA, the chief brain inhibitory neurotransmitter. Mice received 1×10(9) cfu of JB-1 per day for 4weeks and were subjected to MRS weekly and again 4weeks after cessation of treatment to ascertain temporal changes in these neurometabolites. Baseline concentrations for Glx, tNAA and GABA were equal to 10.4±0.3mM, 8.7±0.1mM, and 1.2±0.1mM, respectively. Delayed increases were first seen for Glx (~10%) and NAA (~37%) at 2weeks which persisted only to the end of treatment. However, Glx was still elevated 4weeks after treatment had ceased. Significantly elevated GABA (~25%) was only seen at 4weeks. These results suggest specif…
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- Authors
- Janik, R., Thomason, L. A. M., Stanisz, A. M., Forsythe, P., Bienenstock, J., & Stanisz, G. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Sunnybrook Research Institute (CA)
- St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton (CA)
- Medical University of Lublin (PL)
- Corresponding author
- Stanisz, Greg J.
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-01
- Volume
- 125
- Pages
- 988-995
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2191644128
- Cited by
- 283
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 47 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 8
- FWCI
- 15.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Giovanni and Concetta Guglietti Family Foundation
- McMaster Brain-Body Institute at St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton
- US Office of Naval Research (N000141410787)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, oral probiotics, brain GABA, N-acetylaspartate, glutamate, glutamine, neurometabolites, anxiety, depression, GABAA receptor, GABAB receptors, biomarkers
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Aspartic Acid, Brain, Brain Chemistry, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Glutamic Acid, Probiotics, Mice, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus
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