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Consumption of a healthy dietary pattern results in significant reductions in C-reactive protein levels in adults: a meta-analysis
Abstract
Consumption of healthy dietary patterns has been associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome. Dietary intervention targets disease prevention, so studies increasingly use biomarkers of underlying inflammation and metabolic syndrome progression to examine the diet-health relationship. The extent to which these biomarkers contribute to the body of evidence on healthy dietary patterns is unknown. The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the effect of healthy dietary patterns on biomarkers associated with adiposity, insulin resistance, and inflammation in adults. A systematic search of Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (all years to April 2015) was conducted. Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials; effects of dietary patterns assessed on C-reactive protein (CRP), total adiponectin, high-molecular-weight adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor-α, adiponectin:leptin, resistin, or retinol binding protein 4. Random effects meta-analyses were conducted to assess the weighted mean differences in change or final mean values for each outcome. Seventeen studies were included in the review. These reflected research on dietary patterns associated with the Mediterranean diet, Nordic diet, Tibetan diet, and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet. Consumption of a healthy dietary pattern was associated with significant reductions in CRP (weighted mean difference, -0.75 [-1.16, -0.35]; P = .0003). Non-significant changes were found for all other biomarkers. This analysis found evidence for favorable effects of healthy dietary patterns on CRP, with limited evidence for other biomarkers. Future research should include additional randomized controlled trials incorporating a greater range of dietary patterns and biomarkers.
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“Alternatively, the absolute change in levels of CRP or IL-6 with a healthy diet intervention (Neale et al, 2016), or aerobic exercise (Hayashino et al, 2014), is comparable to the absolute difference found in association with sleep disturbance.”
From Sleep health: Reciprocal regulation of sleep and innate immunity (2017) · cites this paper as Neale et al, 2016
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“Nevertheless, nuts appear in healthy dietary patterns, and we have previously shown that consumption of a healthy dietary pattern (many of which include habitual nut intake) results in significant reductions in CRP.(75) It should be noted that while the current analysis found favourable effects of nut consumption on a…”
InfluentialSelf-citationObesity and Thyroid Cancer Risk: An Update
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“A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with durations from 8 to 24 wk showed that the DASH diet can used as a be a successful weightmanagement strategy (3).”
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“Greater adherence to healthful dietary patterns has been associated with lower risk of a number of important health outcomes, including hypertension (28), insulin sensitivity (29), diabetes (53), coronary heart disease and stroke (30), cognitive decline (31), inflammatory markers (54), neurodegenerative disease (15),…”
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Fruit and Vegetable Dietary Patterns and Mental Health in Women: A Systematic Review
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“Similar results were previously found, where a healthy dietary pattern such as the MedDiet was related to a significant reduction in CRP suggesting an attenuation of the inflammatory state [33].”
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“In fact, links between DASH-style diet and levels of both CRP and fibrinogen have been observed in some [20,32] but not all studies [22,33].”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Neale, E. P., Batterham, M. J., & Tapsell, L. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Wollongong (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Neale, E.P.
- Venue
- Nutrition Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-05
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 391-401
- ISSN
- 0271-5317 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2287836917
- Cited by
- 220
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 4
- FWCI
- 4.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nutrition Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Online (University of Wollongong) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Keywords
- healthy eating patterns, C-reactive protein, inflammation, Mediterranean diet, Nordic diet, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet, adiponectin, TNF-α, resistin, retinol-binding protein 4, adiposity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease prevention
- MeSH terms
- Red Meat, Diet, Healthy, Adult, C-Reactive Protein, Cardiovascular Diseases, Edible Grain, Diet, Fruit, Humans, Inflammation, Obesity, Vegetables, Biomarkers, Metabolic Syndrome
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