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Consumption of a healthy dietary pattern results in significant reductions in C-reactive protein levels in adults: a meta-analysis
Abstract
Consumption of healthy dietary patterns has been associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome. Dietary intervention targets disease prevention, so studies increasingly use biomarkers of underlying inflammation and metabolic syndrome progression to examine the diet-health relationship. The extent to which these biomarkers contribute to the body of evidence on healthy dietary patterns is unknown. The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the effect of healthy dietary patterns on biomarkers associated with adiposity, insulin resistance, and inflammation in adults. A systematic search of Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (all years to April 2015) was conducted. Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials; effects of dietary patterns assessed on C-reactive protein (CRP), total adiponectin, high-molecular-weight adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor-α, adiponectin:leptin, resistin, or retinol binding protein 4. Random effects meta-analyses were conducted to assess the weighted mean differences in change or final mean values for each outcome. Seventeen studies were included in the review. These reflected research on dietary patterns associated with the Mediterranean diet, Nordic diet, Tibetan diet, and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet. Consumption of a healthy dietary pattern was associated with significant reductions in CRP (weighted mean difference, -0.75 [-1.16, -0.35]; P = .0003). Non-significant changes were found for all other biomarkers. This analysis found evidence for favorable effects of healthy dietary patterns on CRP, with limited evidence for other biomarkers. Future research should include additional randomized controlled trials incorporating a greater range of dietary patterns and biomarkers.
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“Alternatively, the absolute change in levels of CRP or IL-6 with a healthy diet intervention (Neale et al, 2016), or aerobic exercise (Hayashino et al, 2014), is comparable to the absolute difference found in association with sleep disturbance.”
From Sleep health: Reciprocal regulation of sleep and innate immunity (2017) · cites this paper as Neale et al, 2016
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Sleep and inflammation: partners in sickness and in health
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“…are similar to those reported by Friedman et al (2005) Alternatively, the absolute change in levels of CRP or IL-6 with a healthy diet intervention (Neale et al, 2016), or aerobic exercise (Hayashino et al, 2014), is comparable to the absolute difference found in association with sleep disturbance.”
ResultImplications of sleep disturbance and inflammation for Alzheimer's disease dementia
Irwin, M. R., & Vitiello, M. V. (2019) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(18)30450-2 · Cited by 611
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“Diet can effectively influence inflammation, independent of weight change.(13,14) For example, the typical”
Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health
Casas, R. M., Castro‐Barquero, S., Estruch, R., & Sacanella, E. (2018) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms19123988 · Cited by 370
“[100] about 17 RCTs observed that following a healthy diet (MeDiet, Nordic diet, Tibetan diet, and DASH diet) was associated with a significant reduction of CRP levels (−0.”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Neale, E. P., Batterham, M. J., & Tapsell, L. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Wollongong (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Neale, E.P.
- Venue
- Nutrition Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-05
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 391-401
- ISSN
- 0271-5317 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2287836917
- Cited by
- 220
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 4
- FWCI
- 4.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nutrition Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Online (University of Wollongong) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Keywords
- healthy eating patterns, C-reactive protein, inflammation, Mediterranean diet, Nordic diet, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet, adiponectin, TNF-α, resistin, retinol-binding protein 4, adiposity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease prevention
- MeSH terms
- Red Meat, Diet, Healthy, Adult, C-Reactive Protein, Cardiovascular Diseases, Edible Grain, Diet, Fruit, Humans, Inflammation, Obesity, Vegetables, Biomarkers, Metabolic Syndrome
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