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The acute effects of intranasal oxytocin administration on endocrine and sexual function in males
Open accessAbstract
The role of the neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) ranges from the modulation of neuroendocrine physiological effects to the establishment of complex social and bonding behaviours. Experimental studies in animals, as well as case reports in humans, suggest that OT affects different aspects of sexual behaviour and has predominantly facilitating properties for sexual appetence and performance. Using a previously established experimental paradigm of sexual arousal and masturbation-induced orgasm, this study investigated the acute effects of intranasal OT application (24I.U.) on endocrine parameters and measures of sexual appetence and function in healthy men (n=10). In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, balanced cross-over design, sexual arousal, and orgasm were induced by an erotic film and masturbation. In addition to the continuous recording of endocrine (OT, cortisol, prolactin, epinephrine, norepinephrine) and cardiovascular data (heart rate), parameters of appetitive, consummatory, and refractory sexual behaviour were assessed using the acute sexual experience scale (ASES). OT plasma levels were significantly elevated after intranasal OT throughout the whole experiment (>60 min). In addition, OT treatment induced significantly higher increases in epinephrine plasma levels during sexual activity without affecting cortisol levels, prolactin levels or heart rate. OT treatment did not alter appetitive, consummatory, and refractory sexual behaviour according to the ASES. However, when subjects were asked about their subjective perception of whether OT or placebo had been applied, eight out of 10 subjects in the OT group answered correctly, thus pointing to an altered perception of arousal. In conclusion, intranasally administered OT leads to a marked increase in OT plasma levels together with increased secretion of catecholamines when subjects are engaged in sexual activity in a laboratory setting. As the effects of OT on sexual behaviour were equivocal, future studies should examine possible facilitating effects further by including males, females, and couples in a field setting, taking into account that OT exerts the most prominent behavioural effects in pair bond formations.
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“Because the links between central and peripheral OT are not fully understood, it is not clear whether plasma levels reflect central activity of the system, although studies in both humans and animals point to coordination between central and peripheral levels (Burri et al., 2008; Wotjak et al., 1998).”
From Oxytocin during the initial stages of romantic attachment: Relations to couples’ interactive reciprocity (2012) · cites this paper as Burri et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“Although the relationship between central and peripheral OT levels is not fully understood, both animal (29,66) and recent human (39) studies suggest that central and peripheral activity of the oxytocinergic system is coordinated.”
From Oxytocin and the development of parenting in humans (2010) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“The high level of stability found in basal OT levels may suggest that baseline OT levels are relatively stable during the postpartum period, except for moments of specific physiological processes such as breastfeeding or sexual intercourse that lead to considerable rise in OT but are short in duration (26,39–41).”
From Oxytocin and the development of parenting in humans (2010) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“The high stability in OT levels across a period of several months and the links reported between plasma OT with socioemotional and behavioral indicators of affiliation (27,28,30,39,67–69) support the validity of peripheral OT as a biomarker of affiliation processes.”
From Oxytocin and the development of parenting in humans (2010) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“intranasal administration of OT has been shown to increase peripheral OT levels (31).”
From Oxytocin administration to parent enhances infant physiological and behavioral readiness for social engagement (2012) · cites this paper as [31]
In the citing paper
“both animal (71) and human studies (31) suggest that central and peripheral OT activity is coordinated”
From Oxytocin administration to parent enhances infant physiological and behavioral readiness for social engagement (2012) · cites this paper as [31]
In the citing paper
“Oxytocin is released during sexual arousal and orgasm (Blaicher et al., 1999, Burri et al., 2008, Carmichael et al., 1987, but see Kruger et al., 2003, Murphy et al., 1987).”
From Oxytocin, motivation and the role of dopamine (2014) · cites this paper as Burri et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“Enhancement of oxytocin levels by intranasal administration prior to orgasm by masturbation results in increased catecholamine levels in the blood, heightened heart rate and increased perception of arousability (Burri et al., 2008).”
From Oxytocin, motivation and the role of dopamine (2014) · cites this paper as Burri et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“intranasal oxytocin administration has been shown to reliably modulate neuropsychological functions in a series of studies (2–5) in the absence of relevant side effects (16).”
From Oxytocin Reduces Reward-Driven Food Intake in Humans (2013) · cites this paper as [2]
In the citing paper
“Research in humans has almost exclusively focused on the role of oxytocin in the regulation of prosocial behavior, including trust, attachment, and sexual behavior (2–5), largely ignoring potential effects of the neuropeptide on ingestive behavior and metabolism.”
From Oxytocin Reduces Reward-Driven Food Intake in Humans (2013) · cites this paper as [2]
In the citing paper
“Although intranasal oxytocin administration has been previously found to increase plasma concentrations of the peptide (2), this pattern moreover argues against a peripheral mediation of the observed changes in ingestive behavior.”
From Oxytocin Reduces Reward-Driven Food Intake in Humans (2013) · cites this paper as [2]
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Cited by
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“However, OXT did not affect appetitive, consummatory and refractory sexual behaviour in me”
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“In men, intranasal inhalation of Oxt significantly increases plasma Oxt and epinephrine levels for at least 1 h, and increases self-perception of arousal during masturbation (Burri et al., 2008).”
The oxytocin receptor: from intracellular signaling to behavior
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“OXT, men were faster to detect the valence of positive stimuli conceptually associated with sexuality, bonding, and social relationships (1038) and had augmented epinephrine plasma responses to sexual activity (135).”
BackgroundOxytocin, vasopressin, and human social behavior
Heinrichs, M., von Dawans, B., & Domes, G. (2009) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2009.05.005 · Cited by 799
“However, intranasal 24 IU OT treatment did not alter appetitive, consummatory, and refractory sexual behavior in men [22].”
BackgroundFeldman, R., Gordon, I., Schneiderman, I., Weisman, O., & Zagoory-Sharon, O. (2010) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2010.01.013 · Cited by 638
“However, it should be remembered that Burri et al. (2008) used an intranasal administration of OT and Wotjak et al. (1998) found coordination between OT increase in the supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus and in plasma OT levels following an exposure to stress, and both paradigms differs from the…”
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“For instance, the paraventricular nucleus most likely controls the hormone release implicated in sexual arousal (Burri et al., 2008), whereas neuronal density in a subpopulation of the preoptic area is associated with same sex preference (Swaab et al.”
BackgroundOxytocin, motivation and the role of dopamine
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“Oxytocin is released during sexual arousal and orgasm (Blaicher et al. , 1999, Burri et al. , 2008, Carmichael et al. , 1987, but see Kruger et al. , 2003, Murphy et al. , 1987).”
A review of safety, side-effects and subjective reactions to intranasal oxytocin in human research
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“Because the links between central and peripheral OTare not fully understood, it is not clear whether plasma levels reflect central activity of the system, although studies in both humans and animals point to coordination between central and peripheral levels (Burri et al., 2008; Wotjak et al., 1998).”
Weisman, O., Zagoory-Sharon, O., & Feldman, R. (2012) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.06.011 · Cited by 240
“Since human research cannot assess brain OT and both animal (71) and uman studies (31) suggest that central and peripheral OT activty is coordinated, the findings represent the measurement availble in human research to date.”
Low sympathetic tone and obese phenotype in oxytocin-deficient mice
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“This is corroborated by the findings that Oxt acts as an activator of the sympathetic tone (4,7).”
BackgroundOxytocin Reduces Reward-Driven Food Intake in Humans
Ott, V., Finlayson, G., Lehnert, H., Heitmann, B., Heinrichs, M., Born, J., & Hallschmid, M. (2013) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db13-0663 · Cited by 226
“Although intranasal oxytocin administration has been previously found to increase plasma concentrations of the peptide (2), this pattern moreover argues against a peripheral mediation of the observed changes in ingestive behavior.”
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Buvat, J., Maggi, M., Gooren, L., Guay, A. T., Kaufman, J., Morgentaler, A., Schulman, C., Tan, H. M., Torres, L. O., Yassin, A., et al. (2010) · The Journal of Sexual Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2010.01780.x · Cited by 221
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“Despite these encouraging findings and some anecdotal evidence suggesting that intranasal oxytocin can facilitate orgasm in an anorgasmic male (109), a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical study (110) failed to demonstrate an effect of intranasal oxytocin on sexual behavior.”
Gossen, A., Hahn, A., Westphal, L., Prinz, S., Schultz, R. T., Gründer, G., & Spreckelmeyer, K. N. (2012) · Neuropeptides · doi:10.1016/j.npep.2012.07.001 · Cited by 189
“Burri et al. (2008) reported elevated OXT plasma levels 30–40 min after OXT nasal spray administration (24 IU) compared to a placebo baseline in 10 healthy men.”
MethodThe hormonal control of ejaculation
Corona, G., Jannini, E. A., Vignozzi, L., Rastrelli, G., & Maggi, M. (2012) · Nature Reviews Urology · doi:10.1038/nrurol.2012.147 · Cited by 189
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“…peripheral OT levels are elevated starting between 10 (Andari et al., 2010) and 30 (Gossen et al., 2012) min and stay elevated for between 150 min (Gossen et al., 2012) to several hours (Burri et al., 2008; van Ijzendoorn et al., 2012), in spite of OTs short plasma half-life (Mens et al., 1983).”
BackgroundCSF and blood oxytocin concentration changes following intranasal delivery in macaque
Dal Monte, O., Noble, P. L., Turchi, J., Cummins, A., & Averbeck, B. B. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103677 · Cited by 177
“Consistent with previous human studies that have shown increase in OT plasma concentration 30–40 minutes after intranasal administration [43,44] we found a significant elevation of OT levels after nasal spray, compared to saline.”
Endocrinologic Control of Men’s Sexual Desire and Arousal/Erection
Corona, G., Isidori, A. M., Aversa, A., Burnett, A. L. “., & Maggi, M. (2016) · The Journal of Sexual Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.jsxm.2016.01.007 · Cited by 174
Intranasal administration of oxytocin: behavioral and clinical effects, a review
Veening, J. G., & Olivier, B. (2013) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.04.012 · Cited by 169
“5 to about 15 pg/ml X 103 within less than 20 min in male volunteers (Burri et al., 2008).”
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Oxytocin, cortisol, and triadic family interactions
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Oxytocin administration, salivary testosterone, and father–infant social behavior
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“For example, OT administrationwas found to increase plasma and salivary OT levels over a period of up to 7 h (Burri et al., 2008; Gossen et al., 2012; van Ijzendoorn et al., 2012; Weisman et al., 2012a).”
Oxytocin׳s role in anxiety: A critical appraisal
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Neuropeptides and central control of sexual behaviour from the past to the present: A review
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Buisman‐Pijlman, F. T. A., Sumracki, N. M., Gordon, J. J., Hull, P. R., Carter, C. S., & Tops, M. (2013) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2013.09.005 · Cited by 147
“A high density of OXTR can be found in brain regions involved in regulatingmood, social behaviour and addictive processes (Burri et al., 2008; Sarnyai, 2011), such as the cortex, hippocampus, VTA, NAcc, hypothalamus, ventral pallidum, limbic system, basal ganglia, medial preoptic area, olfactory bulbs, (central) amygd…”
InfluentialMacDonald, K., MacDonald, T. M., Brüne, M., Lamb, K., Wilson, M. P., Golshan, S., & Feifel, D. (2013) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.05.014 · Cited by 140
“Overall, a review of human studies examining the effect of OT on cortisol finds somewhat inconsistent results which depend on a variety of individual and context variables (Burri et al., 2008; de Oliveira et al., 2012b; Ditzen et al., 2009; Quirin et al., 2011; Simeon et al., 2011; Tabak et al., 2011).”
BackgroundDissecting the Role of Oxytocin in the Formation and Loss of Social Relationships
Hurlemann, R., & Scheele, D. (2016) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.05.013 · Cited by 136
“Notably, OXT further augmented epinephrine plasma responses to sexual activity in men (85) and increased the intensity of orgasm and contentment following sexual intercourse in heterosexual couples (86).”
BackgroundFan, Y., Herrera-Meléndez, A. L., Pestke, K., Feeser, M., Aust, S., Otte, C., Pruessner, J. C., Böker, H., Bajbouj, M., & Grimm, S. (2014) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.22553 · Cited by 142
“Previous studies also demonstrate increases in OXT plasma concentration 30 - 40 min after intranasal administration of 24 IU [Burri et al., 2008; Gossen et al., 2012].”
ResultBlevins, J. E., & Baskin, D. G. (2015) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.05.023 · Cited by 135
“In contrast, intranasal administration of OT, at a dose that reduced total caloric intake [34] and cookie consumption [35] and increased circulating levels of OT in other studies [167,168], failed to reduce plasma ghrelin [34,35], suggesting that this mechanism is not likely to contribute to the anorexigenic response…”
BackgroundAerosolized oxytocin increases cerebrospinal fluid oxytocin in rhesus macaques
Modi, M. E., Connor-Stroud, F., Landgraf, R., Young, L. J., & Parr, L. A. (2014) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.02.011 · Cited by 129
“Plasma OT levels after IN administration were maintained at a consistently elevated level throughout sampling, suggesting regulatory mechanisms other than proteolysis potentially including differential absorption or central control (Burri et al., 2008; Landgraf, 1985).”
BackgroundPlasma and CSF oxytocin levels after intranasal and intravenous oxytocin in awake macaques
Freeman, S. M., Samineni, S., Allen, P. C., Stockinger, D., Bales, K. L., Hwa, G. G. C., & Roberts, J. A. (2016) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.01.014 · Cited by 128
Oxytocin facilitates the sensation of social stress
Eckstein, M., Scheele, D., Weber, K., Stoffel‐Wagner, B., Maier, W., & Hurlemann, R. (2014) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.22508 · Cited by 119
“, 2012) but this modulatory influence may itself depend on developmental experiences (Meinlschmidt and Heim, 2007), and there are also negative studies in which OXT had either no modulatory effect (Burri et al., 2008; Weisman et al., 2013) or increased salivary alpha-amylase, a proxy of stress-related sympathetic acti…”
BackgroundIntranasal oxytocin administration is reflected in human saliva
Weisman, O., Zagoory-Sharon, O., & Feldman, R. (2012) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.02.014 · Cited by 120
“Burri et al. (2008) found significant increases in plasma OT approximately 40 min after administration and these high levels were maintained for over an hour, findings which support preliminary data based on three male subjects (Landgraf, 1985).”
MethodResultOxytocin in schizophrenia: a review of evidence for its therapeutic effects
MacDonald, K. S., & Feifel, D. (2011) · Acta Neuropsychiatrica · doi:10.1111/j.1601-5215.2011.00634.x · Cited by 117
“Dosing and delivery: What are the optimal dose and frequency of treatment, in the context of several studies indicating a dose effect of OT (102,148), as well as the finding of sustained levels after a single treatment (36).”
BackgroundQuintana, D. S., Westlye, L. T., Rustan, Ø. G., Tesli, N., Poppy, C. L., Smevik, H., Tesli, M., Røine, M., Mahmoud, R. A., Smerud, K. T., et al. (2015) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2015.93 · Cited by 103
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“Similar to our previous studies (Burri et al., 2008; Kruger et al., 2003b), we assessed sexual function using specific items selected from the Acute Sexual Experience Scale (ASES, Braunert and Kaiser, 2010; Kruger et al.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialThe role of oxytocin in mating and pregnancy
Borrow, A. P., & Cameron, N. M. (2012) · Hormones and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2011.11.001 · Cited by 101
Oxytocin for the treatment of drug and alcohol use disorders
Lee, M. R., & Weerts, E. M. (2016) · Behavioural Pharmacology · doi:10.1097/fbp.0000000000000258 · Cited by 105
“In similar studies, OT reached peak levels in plasma 30–40min after intranasal administration (Lundin et al., 1986; Burri et al., 2008; Gossen et al., 2012).”
BackgroundIntranasal oxytocin effects on social cognition: A critique
Evans, S. L., Dal Monte, O., Noble, P., & Averbeck, B. B. (2014) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2013.11.008 · Cited by 97
“Studies that use measures in plasma to track changes in OT levels after nasal administration in humans have found significant increases in OT levels from baseline at 30 min (Gossen et al., 2012), 45 min (Domes et al., 2010), and over the course of 1 h (Burri et al., 2008).”
The role of oxytocin in regulation of appetitive behaviour, body weight and glucose homeostasis
Lawson, E. A., Olszewski, P. K., Weller, A., & Blevins, J. E. (2019) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1111/jne.12805 · Cited by 100
Schneiderman, I., Kanat‐Maymon, Y., Ebstein, R. P., & Feldman, R. (2013) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nst142 · Cited by 90
“Cumulative risk on the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) underpins empathic communication difficulties at the first stages of romantic love”
Turner, D., Briken, P., Grubbs, J., Malandain, L., Mestre-Bach, G., Potenza, M. N., & Thibaut, F. (2022) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/19585969.2022.2134739 · Cited by 86
Lebowitz, E. R., Leckman, J. F., Feldman, R., Zagoory‐Sharon, O., McDonald, N. M., & Silverman, W. K. (2015) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.12.007 · Cited by 80
“, 2012) which is thought to have central effects (Burri et al., 2008), though this remains contested.”
Levin, R. J. (2009) · The Journal of Sexual Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2009.01350.x · Cited by 77
Bick, J. R., Dozier, M., Bernard, K., Grasso, D. J., & Simons, R. F. (2012) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/cdev.12008 · Cited by 76
Testosterone, oxytocin, and the development of human parental care
Gordon, I., Pratt, M., Bergunde, K., Zagoory‐Sharon, O., & Feldman, R. (2017) · Hormones and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2017.05.016 · Cited by 77
“Several studies in animals and humans point to a certain degree of concordance between OT in the brain and the periphery (Burri et al., 2008; Carson et al., 2014; Carter et al., 2007; Neumann et al., 1993; Wotjak et al., 1998).”
BackgroundPeled‐Avron, L., Abu-Akel, A. M., & Shamay‐Tsoory, S. (2020) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.04.023 · Cited by 79
Oxytocin increases VTA activation to infant and sexual stimuli in nulliparous and postpartum women
Gregory, R., Cheng, H., Rupp, H. A., Sengelaub, D. R., & Heiman, J. R. (2015) · Hormones and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2014.12.009 · Cited by 72
“One study found that males receiving oxytocin experienced heightened arousal while viewing an erotic film and masturbating (Burri et al., 2008).”
Oxytocin administration alters HPA reactivity in the context of parent–infant interaction
Weisman, O., Zagoory-Sharon, O., & Feldman, R. (2013) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2013.06.006 · Cited by 70
“Other studies showed no effects of OT administration on circulating CT (Burri et al., 2008; de Oliviera et al., 2012).”
Oxytocin in the medial preoptic area facilitates male sexual behavior in the rat
Gil, M., Bhatt, R., Picotte, K. B., & Hull, E. M. (2011) · Hormones and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2010.12.012 · Cited by 70
Oxytocin Improves β-Cell Responsivity and Glucose Tolerance in Healthy Men
Klement, J., Ott, V., Rapp, K., Brede, S., Piccinini, F., Cobelli, C., Lehnert, H., & Hallschmid, M. (2016) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db16-0569 · Cited by 75
“It is primarily known to regulate reproductive and psychosocial functions, including attachment, mother-infant bonding, and sexual behavior (1,2).”
BackgroundHorta, M., Kaylor, K., Feifel, D., & Ebner, N. C. (2019) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.10.012 · Cited by 63
Oxytocin Influences Male Sexual Activity via Non-synaptic Axonal Release in the Spinal Cord
Oti, T., Satoh, K., Uta, D., Nagafuchi, J., Tateishi, S., Ueda, R., Takanami, K., Young, L. J., Galione, A., Morris, J. F., et al. (2021) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2020.09.089 · Cited by 63
Oxytocin's Fingerprint in Personality Traits and Regional Brain Volume
Andari, E., Schneider, F. C., Mottolese, R., Vindras, P., & Sirigu, A. (2014) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhs328 · Cited by 63
“1998; Cushing and Carter 2000) and humans (Burri et al. 2008), demonstrating that central and plasma oxytocin levels are likely to be coordinated.”
BackgroundDramatic Improvement in Sexual Function Induced by Intranasal Oxytocin
MacDonald, K. S., & Feifel, D. (2012) · The Journal of Sexual Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2012.02703.x · Cited by 59
Epidemiology of delayed ejaculation
Sante, S. D., Mollaioli, D., Gravina, G. L., Ciocca, G., Limoncin, E., Carosa, E., Lenzi, A., & Jannini, E. A. (2016) · Translational Andrology and Urology · doi:10.21037/tau.2016.05.10 · Cited by 60
“However, administration of exogenous OX did not show the expected results: in a small group of healthy men, intranasal application of OX did not have any significant effect on sexual behaviour, and hence, more studies are needed to determine the effect of oxytocin on ejaculation in men (42,43).”
ResultCurrent findings on the role of oxytocin in the regulation of food intake
Spetter, M. S., & Hallschmid, M. (2017) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.03.007 · Cited by 61
Oxytocin and opioid addiction revisited: old drug, new applications
Zanos, P., Georgiou, P., Weber, C. D., Robinson, F., Kouimtsidis, C., Niforooshan, R., & Bailey, A. (2017) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bph.13757 · Cited by 54
Erectile Dysfunction: Treatments, Advances and New Therapeutic Strategies
Argiolas, A., Argiolas, F. M., Argiolas, G., & Melis, M. R. (2023) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci13050802 · Cited by 63
Oxytocin in health and disease
Tom, N., & Assinder, S. J. (2009) · The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2009.10.008 · Cited by 53
Oxytocin and Eating Disorders: A Narrative Review on Emerging Findings and Perspectives
Giel, K. E., Zipfel, S., & Hallschmid, M. (2018) · Current Neuropharmacology · doi:10.2174/1570159x15666171128143158 · Cited by 58
“, [28, 29]) and that the strongest accumulation in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) emerges 60 min after administration [30].”
BackgroundHypnosis, Attachment, and Oxytocin:An Integrative Perspective1
Zelinka, V., Cojan, Y., & Desseilles, M. (2013) · International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis · doi:10.1080/00207144.2013.841473 · Cited by 49
Muin, D. A., Wolzt, M., Marculescu, R., Sheikh Rezaei, S., Salama, M., Fuchs, C., Luger, A., Bragagna, E., Litschauer, B., & Bayerle-Eder, M. (2015) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.06.010 · Cited by 48
The role of oxytocin in mothers’ theory of mind and interactive behavior during the perinatal period
MacKinnon, A. L., Gold, I., Feeley, N., Hayton, B., Carter, C. S., & Zelkowitz, P. (2014) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.06.003 · Cited by 47
Management Options for Premature Ejaculation and Delayed Ejaculation in Men
Martin‐Tuite, P., & Shindel, A. W. (2019) · Sexual Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.sxmr.2019.09.002 · Cited by 50
Airborne inflammatory factors from the nose to the brain
Tonelli, L. H. (2009) · Frontiers in Bioscience-Scholar · doi:10.2741/s52 · Cited by 47
“In addition, oxytocin was shown capable of influencing endocrine and sexual function (21,22).”
BackgroundOxytocin, Erectile Function and Sexual Behavior: Last Discoveries and Possible Advances
Melis, M. R., & Argiolas, A. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms221910376 · Cited by 45
The drug treatment of delayed ejaculation
Abdel‐Hamid, I. A., Elsaied, M. A., & Mostafa, T. (2016) · Translational Andrology and Urology · doi:10.21037/tau.2016.05.05 · Cited by 44
“(124) investigated the acute effects of intranasal application of OT (24 IU) on endocrine parameters and sexual function in ten healthy men.”
BackgroundÅgmo, A., & Laan, E. (2022) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104595 · Cited by 42
Stadler, B., Whittaker, M. R., Exintaris, B., & Middendorff, R. (2020) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.565731 · Cited by 43
“Prolactin (141) and epinephrine (158) were also noted to increase around orgasm and in relation to OT.”
ResultHormonal correlations of premature ejaculation
Sansone, A., Romanelli, F., Jannini, E. A., & Lenzi, A. (2014) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-014-0520-7 · Cited by 40
“However, administration of exogenous oxytocin has not shown the expected results: in a small group of healthy men, intranasal application of oxytocin did not have any significant effect on sexual behavior [43].”
ResultA Review of Pathophysiology and Management Options for Delayed Ejaculation
Sadowski, D. J., Butcher, M. J., & Köhler, T. (2016) · Sexual Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.sxmr.2015.10.006 · Cited by 38
Oxytocin and potential benefits for obesity treatment
Olszewski, P. K., Klockars, A., & Levine, A. S. (2017) · Current Opinion in Endocrinology Diabetes and Obesity · doi:10.1097/med.0000000000000351 · Cited by 35
Oxytocin increases eye-gaze towards novel social and non-social stimuli
Eckstein, M., Bamert, V., Stephens, S. B. Z., Wallen, K., Young, L. J., Ehlert, U., & Ditzen, B. (2018) · Social Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/17470919.2018.1542341 · Cited by 36
Samuel, S., Hayton, B. C., Gold, I., Feeley, N., Carter, C. S., & Zelkowitz, P. (2015) · Attachment & Human Development · doi:10.1080/14616734.2015.1029951 · Cited by 37
Bellia, F., Vismara, M. E. M., Annunzi, E., Cifani, C., Benatti, B., Dell’Osso, B. M., & D’Addario, C. (2020) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.10.040 · Cited by 33
Oxytocin as an Anti-obesity Treatment
Niu, J., Tong, J., & Blevins, J. E. (2021) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2021.743546 · Cited by 30
The Oxytocin System and Implications for Oxytocin Deficiency in Hypothalamic-Pituitary Disease
Aulinas, A., & Lawson, E. A. (2025) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/endrev/bnaf008 · Cited by 31
The Sweetest Taboo: Functional Neurobiology of Human Sexuality in Relation to Pleasure
Georgiadis, J. R., & Kortekaas, R. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780195331028.003.0013 · Cited by 28
Oxytocin has sex-specific effects on trust and underlying neurophysiological processes
Schiller, B., Brustkern, J., Walker, M., Hamm, A. O., & Heinrichs, M. (2023) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106076 · Cited by 27
“On the basis of OT ’ s cross-species role in reproductive behavior (Burri et al., 2008), we aimed to study behavior within an evolutionarily relevant mating context.”
BackgroundPreckel, K., Kanske, P., Singer, T., Paulus, F. M., & Krach, S. (2016) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-016-1036-x · Cited by 25
“shares with many studies [7, 9, 68, 69] is that only male subjects will be tested and thus findings cannot”
BackgroundAn update on the pharmacological management of female sexual dysfunction
Fooladi, E., & Davis, S. R. (2012) · Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1517/14656566.2012.725046 · Cited by 26
“RCTs of intranasal oxytocin in men showed equivocal results [115].”
ResultOxytocin for learning calm and safety
Eckstein, M., de Minas, A. C. A., Scheele, D., Kreuder, A., Hurlemann, R., Grinevich, V., & Ditzen, B. (2018) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2018.06.004 · Cited by 28
The story of O – is oxytocin the mediator of the placebo response?
Enck, P., & Klosterhalfen, S. (2009) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2982.2009.01285.x · Cited by 25
Boström, A. E., Chatzittofis, A., Ciuculete, D.-M., Flanagan, J. N., Krattinger, R., Bandstein, M., Mwinyi, J., Kullak-Ublick, G. A., Öberg, K. G., Arver, S., et al. (2020) · Epigenetics · doi:10.1080/15592294.2019.1656157 · Cited by 25
“found that intranasal oxytocin application in men resulted in an increase in epinephrine plasma levels during sexual activity and an altered perception of arousal [61].”
BackgroundOxytocin and interpersonal relationships
Patin, A., Scheele, D., & Hurlemann, R. (2017) · Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences · doi:10.1007/7854_2017_22 · Cited by 32
“…cortisol levels following intranasal OT (Cardoso et al. 2013; Ditzen et al. 2009; Meinlschmidt and Heim 2007) are countered by reports of unchanged (Burri et al. 2008; de Oliveira et al. 2012a, b; McRae-Clark et al. 2013; Simeon et al. 2011) or even increased cortisol levels (Weisman et al. 2013).”
BackgroundMating and parenting experiences sculpture mood-modulating effects of oxytocin-MCH signaling
Phan, J., Alhassen, L., Argelagos, A., Alhassen, W., Vachirakorntong, B., Lin, Z., Sanathara, N. M., & Alachkar, A. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-70667-x · Cited by 24
Liu, C., Lan, C., Li, K., Zhou, F., Yao, S., Xu, L., Yang, N., Zhou, X., Yang, J., Yong, X., et al. (2021) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2021.04.009 · Cited by 24
Multiple Orgasms in Men—What We Know So Far
Wibowo, E., & Wassersug, R. J. (2016) · Sexual Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.sxmr.2015.12.004 · Cited by 23
Discussions and perspectives regarding oxytocin as a biomarker in human investigations
Mera, J. C. C., Molano, M. A. C., López, C. C. G., Triana, C. A., & Cotrina, J. M. (2021) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08289 · Cited by 25
“, 2013; Carson et al., 2015). In a review by Valstad et al. (2017) it was found that, in general, in human and other species studies there is a positive correlation between the values of oxytocin in CSF and plasma when there is an intranasal administration of oxytocin (IAO) or a stress-inducing situation, although the…”
BackgroundInfluentialEndorphins, oxytocin, sexuality and romantic relationships: An understudied area
Khajehei, M., & Behroozpour, E. (2018) · World Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.5317/wjog.v7.i2.17 · Cited by 22
Oxytocin Neurons Enable Melanocortin Regulation of Male Sexual Function in Mice
Semple, E. A., Shalabi, F., & Hill, J. W. (2019) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-019-1514-5 · Cited by 20
Alterations in oxytocin and vasopressin in men with problematic pornography use: The role of empathy
Kor, A., Djalovski, A., Potenza, M. N., Zagoory-Sharon, O., & Feldman, R. (2022) · Journal of Behavioral Addictions · doi:10.1556/2006.2021.00089 · Cited by 19
Increased Serum and Urinary Oxytocin Concentrations after Nasal Administration in Beagle Dogs
Temesi, A., Thuróczy, J., Balogh, L., & Miklósi, Á. (2017) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2017.00147 · Cited by 19
“In contrast, no significant alterations in cortisol were observed following intranasal oxytocin administration (16).”
Metadata
- Authors
- Burri, A., Heinrichs, M., Schedlowski, M., & Kruger, T. H. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Zurich (CH)
- University of Duisburg-Essen (DE)
- Venue
- Psychoneuroendocrinology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-06
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 591-600
- ISSN
- 0306-4530 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2059337320
- Cited by
- 168
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 11.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Locations
- Psychoneuroendocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (acceptedVersion)
- Research Bank (Australian Catholic University) (submittedVersion)
- FreiDok plus (Universitätsbibliothek Freiburg) (submittedVersion)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Sexual function and dysfunction studies
- Keywords
- oxytocin, intranasal administration, sexual behavior, sexual arousal, orgasm, plasma oxytocin, epinephrine, catecholamines, cortisol, prolactin, heart rate
- MeSH terms
- Administration, Intranasal, Adult, Double-Blind Method, Endocrine System, Epinephrine, Heart Rate, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Male, Middle Aged, Norepinephrine, Orgasm, Oxytocics, Oxytocin, Prolactin, Psychometrics, Sexual Behavior, Time Factors, Cross-Over Studies
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