Cited by 337Alzheimer's disease research and treatmentsPluripotent Stem Cells ResearchNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms

PSEN1 Mutant iPSC-Derived Model Reveals Severe Astrocyte Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease

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Oksanen, Minna, Petersen, Andrew J., Naumenko, Nikolay, Puttonen, Katja, Lehtonen, Šárka, Gubert Olivé, Max, Shakirzyanova, Anastasia, Leskelä, Stina +11 more·2017·Stem Cell Reports

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder and the leading cause of cognitive impairment. Due to insufficient understanding of the disease mechanisms, there are no efficient therapies for AD. Most studies have focused on neuronal cells, but astrocytes have also been suggested to contribute to AD pathology. We describe here the generation of functional astrocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from AD patients with PSEN1 ΔE9 mutation, as well as healthy and gene-corrected isogenic controls. AD astrocytes manifest hallmarks of disease pathology, including increased β-amyloid production, altered cytokine release, and dysregulated Ca 2+ homeostasis. Furthermore, due to altered metabolism, AD astrocytes show increased oxidative stress and reduced lactate secretion, as well as compromised neuronal supportive function, as evidenced by altering Ca 2+ transients in healthy neurons. Our results reveal an important role for astrocytes in AD pathology and highlight the strength of iPSC-derived models for brain diseases.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.10.016

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  • The continuum of GFAP/S100B-positive cells, ranging from roundish/polarized to highly arborized cells, agrees with previous studies.

    “In our study, the continuum of GFAF/S100B-positive cells, ranging from roundish/polarized ones to highly arborized cells, agrees with previous studies [27,28].”

    From Emerging Role of miR-21-5p in Neuron–Glia Dysregulation and Exosome Transfer Using Multiple Models of Alzheimer’s Disease (2022) · cites this paper as [27]

    The Results section, under “iPSCs Efficiently Differentiate into Functional Astrocytes” (page unavailable), reports GFAP- and/or S100β-positive cells acquiring a stellate morphology. It does not describe the claimed continuum from roundish or polarized to highly arborized cells. (LLM, conf=0.82)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Ast-AD revealed fewer GFAP-positive cells than S100B-positive ones, with low HMGB1 and IL-10 and elevated IL-6 and C/EBPα gene levels.

    “Ast-AD revealed fewer GFAP-positive cells than S100B-positive ones, with low HMGB1 and IL-10 and elevated IL-6 and C/EBPα gene levels, already pointing to some altered properties [27,72,120].”

    From Emerging Role of miR-21-5p in Neuron–Glia Dysregulation and Exosome Transfer Using Multiple Models of Alzheimer’s Disease (2022) · cites this paper as [27]

    The Results section on cytokine secretion (page unavailable) reports higher IL-6 and IL-10 secretion by stimulated PSEN1 ΔE9 astrocytes than controls, supporting altered IL-6 activity but not the claim of low IL-10 or elevated IL-6 gene levels in AD cells. The astrocyte-characterization Results (page unavailable) report GFAP and/or S100β staining, but not fewer GFAP-positive than S100β-positive AD cells. The retrieved passages do not report the claimed HMGB1 or C/EBPα gene levels. (LLM, conf=0.87)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • The iPSC lines used were characterized for genetic stability and pluripotency markers.

    “Characterization for genetic stability and pluripotency markers of these iPSCs was previously documented in studies using iPSC differentiation into astrocytes and microglia for the screening of AD-associated glial aberrancies [26,27].”
  • Ast cells displayed heterogeneous shapes, mostly stellate morphology, and expressed GFAP and S100B.

    “The cells displayed heterogeneous shapes, but mostly the stellate morphology characteristic of glial cells [27] (Figure 6B), and the astrocyte-associated GFAP and S100B markers (Figure 6C)”
  • Some authors have stimulated astrocytes with TNF-α and IL-1β to make their pathological profiles more visible.

    “some authors have stimulated astrocytes with TNF-α and IL-1β to make their pathological profiles more visible [27].”

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Authors
Oksanen, M., Petersen, A. J., Naumenko, N., Puttonen, K., Lehtonen, Š., Gubert Olivé, M., Shakirzyanova, A., Leskelä, S., Sarajärvi, T., Viitanen, M., Rinne, J. O., Hiltunen, M., Haapasalo, A., Giniatullin, R., Tavi, P., Zhang, S.-C., Kanninen, K. M., Hämäläinen, R. H., & Koistinaho, J.
Affiliations
  • University of Eastern Finland (FI)
  • University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
  • Karolinska University Hospital (SE)
  • University of Turku (FI)
  • University of Wisconsin System (US)
Venue
Stem Cell Reports
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2017-12
Volume
9
Issue
6
Pages
1885-1897
ISSN
2213-6711 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2768957663
Cited by
332
References
65
Citations by year
2026: 27 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 49 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 50 · 2019: 43 · 2018: 17
FWCI
22.27
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Stem Cell Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • UEF eRepo (University of Eastern Finland) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • UTUPub (University of Turku) (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • Itä-Suomen Yliopisto
  • Academy of Finland
  • Tekes
  • Emil Aaltosen Säätiö
  • Sigrid Juséliuksen Säätiö
  • Horizon 2020 (643417)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease, astrocytes, induced pluripotent stem cells, iPSC-derived astrocytes, amyloid-beta production, cytokine production, calcium homeostasis, oxidative stress, lactate secretion, disease modeling, isogenic controls
MeSH terms
Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Astrocytes, Brain, Calcium, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Mitochondria, Neurons, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Oxidative Stress, Lactic Acid, Presenilin-1, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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