Kv3 channels: voltage-gated K+ channels designed for high-frequency repetitive firing
Abstract
Analysis of the Kv3 subfamily of K(+) channel subunits has lead to the discovery of a new class of neuronal voltage-gated K(+) channels characterized by positively shifted voltage dependencies and very fast deactivation rates. These properties are adaptations that allow these channels to produce currents that can specifically enable fast repolarization of action potentials without compromising spike initiation or height. The short spike duration and the rapid deactivation of the Kv3 currents after spike repolarization maximize the quick recovery of resting conditions after an action potential. Several neurons in the mammalian CNS have incorporated into their repertoire of voltage-dependent conductances a relatively large number of Kv3 channels to enable repetitive firing at high frequencies - an ability that crucially depends on the special properties of Kv3 channels and their impact on excitability.
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One set of co-expressed genes encoded proteins that enable fast and persistent action potentials, including Kcnc1-3 (Kv3.1), Kcna1 (Kv1.1) and Scn8a (Nav1.6) channels.
“One set of co-expressed genes encoded proteins that enable fast and persistent action potentials, including the Kcnc1–3 (Kv3.1), Kcna1 (Kv1.1) and Scn8a (Nav1.6) channels”
From Molecular diversity and specializations among the cells of the adult mouse brain (2018) · cites this paper as Rudy and McBain, 2001
Early attempts to match expression patterns of cloned channel transcripts with biophysical properties measured by whole cell recording in in vitro slices yielded some modest successes, particularly with channels formed by the Kv3 family.
“Early attempts to match expression patterns of recent cloned channel transcripts with biophysical properties measured by whole cell recording techniques in in vitro slices did, however, yield some modest successes, particularly with channels formed by the Kv3 family of voltage-gated potassium channels (967) as discussed below.”
From Hippocampal GABAergic Inhibitory Interneurons (2017) · cites this paper as [967]
Delayed rectifier channels assembled from Kv3 subunits are instrumental components in conferring high-frequency action potential firing in numerous hippocampal and cortical interneuron subtypes.
“Delayed rectifier channels assembled from Kv3 subunits are instrumental components in conferring high-frequency action potential firing in numerous hippocampal and cortical interneuron subtypes (304, 967, 1187).”
From Hippocampal GABAergic Inhibitory Interneurons (2017) · cites this paper as [967]
Few channels expressed in recombinant systems perfectly matched the biophysical properties of native channels.
“This optimism was short lived as it became apparent that few channels expressed in recombinant systems perfectly matched the biophysical properties of native channels (967).”
From Hippocampal GABAergic Inhibitory Interneurons (2017) · cites this paper as [967]
The rapid activation kinetics of Kv3 channels enforces a narrow temporal window that minimizes Na+ channel inactivation, and the consequent deep hyperpolarization serves to deinactivate other voltage-gated channels ensuring a high fraction are available for activation during trains of action potentials.
“Importantly, the rapid activation kinetics enforces a narrow temporal window that minimizes Na+ channel inactivation, and the consequent deep hyperpolarization serves to deinactivate other voltage-gated channels ensuring a high fraction are available for activation during trains of action potentials (967).”
From Hippocampal GABAergic Inhibitory Interneurons (2017) · cites this paper as [967]
Their rapid activation ensures efficient spike repolarization, and their rapid deactivation allows minimal K+ current accumulation during the interspike interval that would interfere with generation of subsequent action potentials.
“Their rapid activation ensures efficient spike repolarization, and their rapid deactivation allows minimal K+ current accumulation during the interspike interval that would interfere with generation of subsequent action potentials.”
From Hippocampal GABAergic Inhibitory Interneurons (2017) · cites this paper as [967]
Dendritic Kv3 currents act to accelerate the decay time course of excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs), imposing a narrow window for temporal integration, and minimize the impact of clustered excitatory input to favor distributed synaptic inputs.
“Dendritic Kv3 currents act to accelerate the decay time course of excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs), imposing a narrow window for temporal integration (504, 967), and minimize the impact of clustered excitatory input to favor distributed synaptic inputs (504).”
From Hippocampal GABAergic Inhibitory Interneurons (2017) · cites this paper as [967]
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- Authors
- Rudy, B., & McBain, C. J.
- Affiliations
- New York University (US)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rudy, Bernardo
- McBain, Chris J.
- Venue
- Trends in Neurosciences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2001-09
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 517-526
- ISSN
- 0166-2236 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2034132958
- Cited by
- 781
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2026: 36 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 45 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 32
- FWCI
- 1.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Trends in Neurosciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1r01ns035215-01a1, 5r01ns030989-22)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS-30989, NS-35215)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ion channel regulation and function
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- voltage-gated potassium channels, action potential repolarization, repetitive firing, neuronal excitability, spike initiation, central nervous system neurons
- MeSH terms
- Action Potentials, Animals, Brain, Humans, Neurons, Potassium Channels, Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated, Shaw Potassium Channels
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