The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 20 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 1 of the 31 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
Age-predicted maximal heart rate revisited
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to determine a generalized equation for predicting maximal heart rate (HRmax) in healthy adults. BACKGROUND The age-predicted HRmax equation (i.e., 220 - age) is commonly used as a basis for prescribing exercise programs, as a criterion for achieving maximal exertion and as a clinical guide during diagnostic exercise testing. Despite its importance and widespread use, the validity of the HRmax equation has never been established in a sample that included a sufficient number of older adults. METHODS First, a meta-analytic approach was used to collect group mean HRmax values from 351 studies involving 492 groups and 18,712 subjects. Subsequently, the new equation was cross-validated in a well-controlled, laboratory-based study in which HRmax was measured in 514 healthy subjects. RESULTS In the meta-analysis, HRmax was strongly related to age (r = -0.90), using the equation of 208 - 0.7 x age. The regression equation obtained in the laboratory-based study (209 - 0.7 x age) was virtually identical to that obtained from the meta-analysis. The regression line was not different between men and women, nor was it influenced by wide variations in habitual physical activity levels. CONCLUSIONS 1) A regression equation to predict HRmax is 208 - 0.7 x age in healthy adults. 2) HRmax is predicted, to a large extent, by age alone and is independent of gender and habitual physical activity status. Our findings suggest that the currently used equation underestimates HRmax…
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Claims the paper makes
15 Own interpretation · 13 Own result · 9 No full text of the sources · 3 Not checked yet · 2 Own method · 2 No basis given · 1 Partly supported · 1 Sources not found · accuracy not yet measured
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“However, similar to the original reports by Fox and Haskell (7,8), these studies probably or definitely included subjects with cardiovascular disease who smoked and/or were taking cardiac medications.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [9] Londeree, 1984, Influence of age and other factors on maximal heart rate, J Cardiac Rehabil
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [10] Whaley, 1992, Predictors of over- and underachievement of age-predicted maximal heart rate, Med Sci Sports Exerc source
- Partly supportedcites [11] Sheffield, 1978, Maximal heart rate and treadmill performance of healthy women in relation to age, Circulation sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
Subjects and Methods (p. 1) reports that three volunteers took mild antihypertensive medications and that none had been told she had cardiovascular disease other than elevated blood pressure. This supports the medication concern in part, but the paper does not report that its volunteers smoked or had other known cardiovascular disease. Its introduction (p. 1) also says medication use was unreported in an earlier study, not that those subjects definitely took medication. (LLM, conf=0.85)
- Not matchedcites [7] Fox, 1970, The exercise stress test
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [8] Fox, 1971, Physical activity and the prevention of coronary heart disease, Ann Clin Res source
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“using the equation of 208 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age.”
- Also stated in: § RESULTS · plain
“The regression equation, when all the subjects were combined, was 208 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age.”
- Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
“First, a regression equation for estimating HR max is 208 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age in healthy adult humans, which is significantly different from the traditional 220 Ϫ age equation.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Abstract
plaincorrelationaln = 18,712- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § RESULTS · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The regression equation obtained in the laboratory-based study (209 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age) was virtually identical to that obtained from the meta-analysis.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Abstract
plainn = 514- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“First, a regression equation for estimating HR max is 208 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age in healthy adult humans, which is significantly different from the traditional 220 Ϫ age equation.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > DISCUSSION
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The regression equation for HR max (209 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age) was virtually identical to that obtained from the meta-analysis.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
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- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“the rate of decline in HR max observed in the present study is very similar to that reported previously for intrinsic heart rate determined after cardiac autonomic blockade (Ϫ0.6 Ϫ 0.8 beats/min per year) (14,15).”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Mechanisms.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [14] Jose, 1970, The normal range and determinants of the intrinsic heart rate in man, Cardiovasc Res source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [15] de Marneffe, 1986, Variations of normal sinus node function in relation to age, Eur Heart J source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Stepwise regression analysis revealed that age alone explained ϳ80% of the individual variance in HR max .”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Again, no significant differences in the HR max regression equation were observed between men and women”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Maximal heart rate was inversely related to age in both men and women.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“or between sedentary (212 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age) and endurance-trained (205 Ϫ 0.6 ϫ age) subjects.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- It may state two separate claims as one. 11
- Probably not a substantial claim. 6
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The rate of decline and the y intercepts were not different between men and women”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Data from treadmill and cycle ergometers were evaluated together and separately.There were no differences in the results between the two analyses.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Meta-analytic study.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The maximal respiratory exchange ratio (1.17 Ϯ 0.06) and maximal rating of perceived exertion (19.1 Ϯ 0.8) were not different across ages, suggesting consistently similar voluntary maximal efforts.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“HR max is predicted, to a large extent, by age alone and is independent of gender and habitual physical activity status.”
- Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
“Second, HR max is predicted, to a large extent, by age alone and is independent of gender and physical activity status.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Abstract
plaincorrelationaln = 18,712- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“consistent with the present findings, gender (14) and habitual physical activity (16) do not appear to influence intrinsic heart rate in humans.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Mechanisms.
What the sources say
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Specifically, the traditional equation underestimates HR max past age 40 years, markedly so in older adults.”
- Also stated in: § Abstract · hedged
“Our findings suggest that the currently used equation underestimates HR max in older adults.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Conclusions.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Abstract · hedged
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The age-predicted HR max equation (i.e., 220 Ϫ age) is commonly used as a basis for prescribing exercise programs, as a criterion for achieving maximal exertion and as a clinical guide during diagnostic exercise testing.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [1] 2000
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [2] Fletcher, 1997, How to implement physical activity in primary and secondary prevention, Circulation source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [3] Gibbons, 1997, ACC/AHA guidelines for exercise testing, J Am Coll Cardiol source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [4] Tanaka, 1997, Greater rate of decline in maximal aerobic capacity with age in physically active vs. sedentary healthy women, J Appl Physiol source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [5] Howley, 1995, Criteria for maximal oxygen uptake, Med Sci Sports Exerc source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“use of the prevailing prediction equation would result in premature termination of the test and possibly failure to attain required exertion levels for diagnostic validity.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [3] Gibbons, 1997, ACC/AHA guidelines for exercise testing, J Am Coll Cardiol source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“To ensure that each subject achieved maximal exertion, at least three of the following four criteria were met by each subject: 1) a plateau in VO 2 with increasing exercise intensity (Ͻ100 ml); 2) a respiratory exchange ratio of at least 1.15; 3) a maximal respiratory rate of at least 35 breaths/min; and 4) a rating of perceived exertion of at least 18 units on the Borg scale (5).”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Meta-analytic study.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [5] Howley, 1995, Criteria for maximal oxygen uptake, Med Sci Sports Exerc source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“Each of these conditions influences HR max independent of age (10,12,13).”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [10] Whaley, 1992, Predictors of over- and underachievement of age-predicted maximal heart rate, Med Sci Sports Exerc source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [12] Wilmore, 1985, Acute response to submaximal and maximal exercise consequent to beta-adrenergic blockade, Am J Cardiol source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [13] Graettinger, 1995, Relationship of left ventricular structure to maximal heart rate during exercise, Chest source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“To eliminate the potentially confounding influence of severe obesity, only subjects with a body mass index Ͻ35 kg/m 2 were included.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Meta-analytic study.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“Subjects Ͼ50 years of age were further evaluated by physical examination and by rest and maximal exercise electrocardiography ECG (3).”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Meta-analytic study.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [3] Gibbons, 1997, ACC/AHA guidelines for exercise testing, J Am Coll Cardiol source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The age-predicted equation was determined “arbitrarily” from a total of 10 studies.The highest age included was Ͻ65 years, with the majority of subjects being Յ55 years old.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [7] Fox, 1970, The exercise stress test
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [8] Fox, 1971, Physical activity and the prevention of coronary heart disease, Ann Clin Res source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“Because we have previously shown that weighted results by sample size were not significantly different from unweighted results (6), no weighting scheme was used in the present meta-analysis.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Meta-analytic study.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [6] Fitzgerald, 1997, Age-related decline in maximal aerobic capacity in regularly exercising vs. sedentary females, J Appl Physiol source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“It has been postulated that the primary mechanism is related to an age-related decline in intrinsic heart rate (i.e., independent of autonomic influences) (14,15).”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Mechanisms.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [14] Jose, 1970, The normal range and determinants of the intrinsic heart rate in man, Cardiovasc Res source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [15] de Marneffe, 1986, Variations of normal sinus node function in relation to age, Eur Heart J source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper relies on this without support.
Older adults demonstrate the highest prevalence of cardiovascular and other chronic diseases.
“The latter limitation is crucial in that older adults demonstrate the highest prevalence of cardiovascular and other chronic diseases.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Older adults are often reluctant or unable to measure HRmax directly because of concerns about the physiologic stress imposed by strenuous exercise.
“Importantly, older adults are a population in which there is often a reluctance or an inability to measure HR max directly, owing to concerns related to the physiologic stress imposed by strenuous exercise.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The 220 − age HRmax prediction equation is used in older adults more than in any other population.
“Thus, ironically, the 220 Ϫ age HR max prediction equation is used in this population more than in any other.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source doesn’t support the claim as written.
In the citing paper
“The standard deviation for error between predicted and directly-measured maximal heart rate is roughly 13bpm [43].”
From Resting heart rate is a population-level biomarker of cardiorespiratory fitness: The Fenland Study (2023) · cites this paper as [43]
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Moreover, the validity of this equation has never been established in a sample that included a sufficient number of older adults; accordingly, it's utility has been challenged [ 32 , 33 ].”
From Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cardiovascular health: A clinical practice statement of the American Society for Preventive Cardiology Part II: Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, minimum and goal intensities for exercise training, prescriptive methods, and special patient populations (2022) · cites this paper as [32]
In the citing paper
“The age-associated decline in maximal heart rate is typically reported to be unaltered by exercise training,139-142 but some evidence suggests that the decline in maximal heart rate with age can be attenuated by vigorous exercise.143-145”
From Hormonal and Metabolic Changes of Aging and the Influence of Lifestyle Modifications (2021) · cites this paper as [142]
Citations
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“Minute oxygen consumption (V̇O2) also was measured using on-line, computerassisted, open-circuit spirometry (4).”
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“Bland-Altman plots(29,31) were used in order to evaluate the agreement between the actual time to complete the Glittre ADL-test and the predicted value.”
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“One clear consensus is that maximal heart rate declines with advancing age independent of gender/sex (324).”
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“The Fox equation was derived from a review of 10 studies in older adults with cardiovascular disease (Fox et al., 1971; Robergs & Landwehr, 2002; Tanaka et al., 2001).”
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“[19] These measurements were repeated after completion of the exercise task at both 5 min and 15 min.”
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BackgroundA wearable H-shirt for exercise ECG monitoring and individual lactate threshold computing
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“Recently the predictability of this MHR equation has been shown to be very good ( ±6 bpm) for actual MHR in subjects similar in age to those in the current study (Tanaka et al., 2001).”
ResultExercise intensity of head-out water-based activities (water fitness)
Raffaelli, C., Lanza, M., Zanolla, L., & Zamparo, P. (2010) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1419-5 · Cited by 58
“HRmax of ±5 bpm compared to the predicted maximal HR assessed as indicated by Tanaka et al. (2001) ; a difference in oxygen uptake in the last 2 min \150 ml min -1 ;a”
MethodKorshøj, M., Krustrup, P., Jespersen, T., Søgaard, K., Skotte, J. H., & Holtermann, A. (2013) · Ergonomics · doi:10.1080/00140139.2013.782427 · Cited by 60
“…et al. 2004) (HRR ¼ HRmax – SHR), which, on a group level, has been shown to be similar to the percentage of maximal oxygen consumption during cleaning and other tasks involving whole body physical activity (Søgaard, Fallentin, and Nielsen 1996; Tanaka, Monahan, and Seals 2001; Wu and Wang 2002).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialVogelaar, L., van den Berg-Emons, R., Bussmann, H., Rozenberg, R., Timman, R., & van der Woude, C. J. (2015) · Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3109/00365521.2015.1046135 · Cited by 59
“7 age) [32].”
Smart technology for physical activity and health assessment during COVID-19 lockdown
Stella, A. B., Ajčević, M., Furlanis, G., Cillotto, T., Menichelli, A., Accardo, A., & Manganotti, P. (2021) · The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness · doi:10.23736/s0022-4707.20.11373-2 · Cited by 58
van der Steeg, G. E., & Takken, T. (2021) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-021-04596-6 · Cited by 63
Aerobic Exercise and Endurance
Wilmore, J. H., & Knuttgen, H. G. (2003) · The Physician and Sportsmedicine · doi:10.3810/psm.2003.05.367 · Cited by 60
Korshøj, M., Lidegaard, M., Skotte, J. H., Krustrup, P., Krause, N., Søgaard, K., & Holtermann, A. (2014) · Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & Health · doi:10.5271/sjweh.3475 · Cited by 58
“HRR was defined as the difference between the estimated HRmax (14) and the sleeping HR (SHR), with SHR defined as the 10th lowest recorded HR value during 24 hours (49).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialRasool, M. F., Khalil, F., & Läer, S. (2015) · Clinical Pharmacokinetics · doi:10.1007/s40262-015-0253-7 · Cited by 59
Prediction of Maximal Heart Rate in Children and Adolescents
Gelbart, M., Ziv‐Baran, T., Williams, C. A., et al. (2016) · Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine · doi:10.1097/jsm.0000000000000315 · Cited by 58
Effects of two years of calorie restriction on aerobic capacity and muscle strength
RACETTE, S. B., ROCHON, J., UHRICH, M. L., VILLAREAL, D. T., DAS, S. K., FONTANA, L., BHAPKAR, M., MARTIN, C. K., REDMAN, L. M., FUSS, P. J., et al. (2017) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000001353 · Cited by 58
Prediction of Maximal Oxygen Uptake by Six-Minute Walk Test and Body Mass Index in Healthy Boys
Jalili, M., Nazem, F., Sazvar, A., & Ranjbar, K. (2018) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.04.026 · Cited by 58
Growth hormone, prolactin and cortisol response to exercise in patients with depression
Krogh, J., Nordentoft, M., Mohammad-Nezhad, M., & Westrin, Å. (2010) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2010.01.009 · Cited by 56
“However, the ratio between predicted maximal heart rate (208−0.7×age) (Tanaka et al., 2001) and observedmaximal heart ratewas 1.069 (SD=0.014) and 1.069 Please cite this article as: Krogh, J., et al., Growth hormone, prolactin and cortisol response to exercise in patients with depression, J. Affect.”
BackgroundInfluentialPhysiological Characteristics of an Aging Olympic Athlete
Nybo, L., Schmidt, J. F., Fritzdorf, S., & Nordsborg, N. B. (2014) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000000331 · Cited by 57
Fitness, Fatness, Physical Activity, and Autonomic Function in Midlife
Kiviniemi, A. M., Perkiömäki, N., AUVINEN, J. P., Niemelä, M., Tammelin, T., Puukka, K. S., Ruokonen, A., Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, S. M., Tulppo, M. P., Järvelin, M., et al. (2017) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000001387 · Cited by 57
Cardiac Rehabilitation in Frail Older Adults With Cardiovascular Disease
Flint, K. M., Stevens‐Lapsley, J. E., & Forman, D. E. (2020) · Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention · doi:10.1097/hcr.0000000000000492 · Cited by 57
Hernández‐Vicente, A., Hernando, D., Marín-Puyalto, J., Vicente‐Rodríguez, G., Garatachea, N., Pueyo, E., & Bailón, R. (2021) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s21030902 · Cited by 57
Causal associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and type 2 diabetes
Cai, L., Gonzales, T. I., Wheeler, E., Kerrison, N. D., Day, F. R., Langenberg, C., Perry, J. R. B., Brage, S., & Wareham, N. J. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-38234-w · Cited by 57
Šprager, S., & Zazula, D. (2012) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1109/tbme.2012.2213302 · Cited by 57
“They were then asked to cycle an ergometer up to their submaximal heart rate [15].”
BackgroundMethodThe impact of exercise intensity on cardiac troponin I release
Eijsvogels, T. M. H., Hoogerwerf, M. D., Oudegeest-Sander, M. H., Hopman, M. T. E., & Thijssen, D. H. J. (2014) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.11.050 · Cited by 57
“7 ∗ age) [3].”
Todd, J. J., McSorley, E. M., Pourshahidi, L. K., Madigan, S. M., Laird, E. J., Healy, M., & Magee, P. J. (2016) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-016-1202-4 · Cited by 58
Nauer, R. K., Dunne, M. F., Stern, C. E., Storer, T. W., & Schön, K. (2019) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.23166 · Cited by 58
“From this, we calculated a linear regression using individual subject's predicted HRMAX (Tanaka et al., 2001), allowing us to estimate maximal aerobic capacity.”
MethodInfluentialValidation of the Cosmed Fitmate for Prediction of Maximal Oxygen Consumption
Lee, J. M., Bassett, D. R., Thompson, D. L., & Fitzhugh, E. C. (2011) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0b013e3181fc5c48 · Cited by 56
“The traditional equation underestimates maximal HR in older populations and tends to overestimate maximal HR in young individuals (19).”
BackgroundExercise–Cognition Interaction
McMorris, T. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800778-5.00022-0 · Cited by 60
Oh, M., Kim, S., An, K.-Y., Min, J., Yang, H. I., Lee, J., Lee, M. K., Kim, D.-I., Lee, J., Lee, J., et al. (2018) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-018-6009-1 · Cited by 57
Merkus, S. L., Lunde, L.-K., Koch, M., Wærsted, M., Knardahl, S., & Veiersted, K. B. (2018) · International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health · doi:10.1007/s00420-018-1377-5 · Cited by 56
Effects of Aerobic Training Versus Breathing Exercises on Asthma Control: A Randomized Trial
Evaristo, K., Mendes, F. A. R., Saccomani, M., Cukier, A., Carvalho‐Pinto, R. M., Rodrigues, M. R., Santaella, D. F., Saraiva-Romanholo, B. M., Martins, M. A., & Carvalho, C. R. F. (2020) · The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology In Practice · doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2020.06.042 · Cited by 61
Measurement and prediction of METs during household activities in 35- to 45-year-old females
Brooks, A. G., Withers, R. T., Gore, C. J., Vogler, A. J., Plummer, J., & Cormack, J. (2004) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-003-1018-9 · Cited by 56
“7 · age (Tanaka et al. 2001) Significance levels for single sample t-testsX>3.”
BackgroundInfluentialNonalcoholic Beer Reduces Inflammation and Incidence of Respiratory Tract Illness
Scherr, J., Nieman, D. C., Schuster, T., HABERMANN, J., Rank, M., Braun, S., Preßler, A., Wolfarth, B., & Halle, M. (2011) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e3182250dda · Cited by 55
Koch, M., Lunde, L.-K., Gjulem, T. S., Knardahl, S., & Veiersted, K. B. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0162881 · Cited by 55
“7 × age [32], and HRmin was based on a sex- and age-adjusted population [29].”
MethodAnalysis of Time-Motion and Heart Rate in Elite Male and Female Beach Handball.
Pueo, B., Jiménez-Olmedo, J. M., Penichet-Tomás, A., et al. (2017) · PubMed · Cited by 55
Walking in multiple sclerosis improves with tDCS: a randomized, double‐blind, sham‐controlled study
Pilloni, G., Choi, C. S., Shaw, M., Coghe, G., Krupp, L., Moffat, M., Cocco, E. E., Pau, M., & Charvet, L. E. (2020) · Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology · doi:10.1002/acn3.51224 · Cited by 54
“Age-predicted maximum heart rate was derived from the equation proposed by Tanaka et al.(27): HRmax 1⁄4 208 0:7 age ð Þ:”
MethodMaximal Heart Rate Prediction in Adults that Are Overweight or Obese
Franckowiak, S. C., Dobrosielski, D. A., Reilley, S. M., Walston, J. D., & Andersen, R. E. (2010) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0b013e3181d682d2 · Cited by 56
“(14), is an accurate predictor of MHR in men and women aged 20–60 years that were sedentary and overweight or obese.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialHanscombe, K. B., Persyn, E., Traylor, M., Glanville, K. P., Hamer, M., Coleman, J. R. I., & Lewis, C. M. (2021) · Genome Medicine · doi:10.1186/s13073-021-00994-9 · Cited by 55
“8 for CRF-vo2max, are commonly used constants and were the values used in a previously study of 151 CRF in the UKB (22-24).”
MethodMatch running performance in Spanish elite male rugby union using global positioning system
Suarez-Arrones, L. J., Portillo, L. J., González‐Ravé, J. M., et al. (2012) · Isokinetics and Exercise Science · doi:10.3233/ies-2012-0444 · Cited by 54
“In our study, it was the players’ cardiac frequencyduringthe game that was higher than those of the HRmax estimation [22] that were used as a reference.”
Jones, M. D., Valenzuela, T., Booth, J., Taylor, J. L., & Barry, B. K. (2017) · Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2017.07.006 · Cited by 57
Santamaria, A. F., Rango, F. D., Serianni, A., et al. (2018) · Computer Communications · doi:10.1016/j.comcom.2018.06.010 · Cited by 54
Relationship Between Exercise Heart Rate and Age in Men vs Women
Sydó, N., Abdelmoneim, S. S., Mulvagh, S. L., Merkely, B. P., Gulati, M., & Allison, T. G. (2014) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2014.08.018 · Cited by 55
“77 age).(2) In Tanaka et al’smeta-analysis, only healthy (defined bynonischemic ECG response), nonmedicated, nonsmoking subjects were involved, although we have no exact information about exclusions for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and hypertension.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialAlkatan, M., Machin, D. R., Baker, J. R., et al. (2015) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.10.017 · Cited by 53
“Initially, participants exercised for 20 to 30 minutes/day and 3 days/week at an exercise intensity of 40% to 50% of heart rate reserve (HRR 1⁄4 [maximal heart rate heart rate at rest] þ heart rate at rest).(7) The intensity and duration of exercise increased gradually with the goal of attaining 40 to 45 minutes/day a…”
Self-citationStefani, L., Galanti, G., & Klika, R. J. (2017) · Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology · doi:10.3390/jfmk2010004 · Cited by 64
“HRmax can be estimated from the equation 208 bpm − 70% × age or ideally measured in a clinical setting [46].”
Acute Exercise and Neurocognitive Development in Preadolescents and Young Adults: An ERP Study
Chu, C., Kramer, A. F., Song, T., Wu, C., Hung, T., & Chang, Y. (2017) · Neural Plasticity · doi:10.1155/2017/2631909 · Cited by 55
A Systematic Approach to Interpreting the Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test in Pediatrics
van Brussel, M., Bongers, B. C., Hulzebos, E. H. J., Burghard, M., & Takken, T. (2019) · Pediatric Exercise Science · doi:10.1123/pes.2018-0235 · Cited by 54
Accuracy of 5 Common Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Equations
Shookster, D., Lindsey, B., Cortés, N., & Martin, J. R. (2020) · International journal of exercise science · doi:10.70252/xfsj6815 · Cited by 73
Bustos, D., Guedes, J. C., Vaz, M. P., Pombo, E., Fernandes, R. J., Costa, J. T., & Baptista, J. S. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18168815 · Cited by 56
“[51] classified the responses of maximal heart rate percentage in five [76] and six zones [77], respectively.”
BackgroundEffect of Tai Chi vs Aerobic Exercise on Blood Pressure in Patients With Prehypertension
Li, X., Chang, P., Wu, M., et al. (2024) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.54937 · Cited by 52
O’Connor, E., Green, S., Kiely, C., O'Shea, D. B., & Egaña, M. (2015) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01040.2014 · Cited by 52
Prehn, K., Lesemann, A., Krey, G., Witte, A. V., Köbe, T., Grittner, U., & Flöel, A. (2017) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2017.08.006 · Cited by 54
Bazuelo-Ruiz, B., Durá‐Gil, J. V., Palomares, N., Medina, E., & Llana‐Belloch, S. (2018) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.4489 · Cited by 67
Chow, B. J. W., Ananthasubramaniam, K., deKemp, R. A., Dalipaj, M. M., Beanlands, R. S., & Ruddy, T. D. (2005) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2005.01.016 · Cited by 51
Nitric oxide, aging and aerobic exercise: Sedentary individuals to Master's athletes
Shannon, O. M., Clifford, T., Seals, D. R., Craighead, D. H., & Rossman, M. J. (2022) · Nitric Oxide · doi:10.1016/j.niox.2022.06.002 · Cited by 51
Self-citationHeat strain and hydration of Japanese construction workers during work in summer
Ueno, S., Sakakibara, Y., Hisanaga, N., Oka, T., & Yamaguchi-Sekino, S. (2018) · Annals of Work Exposures and Health · doi:10.1093/annweh/wxy012 · Cited by 51
On-Court Endurance and Performance Testing in Competitive Male Tennis Players
Baiget, E., Fernández-Fernández, J., Iglesias, X., Cuéllar, L. V., & Rodríguez, F. A. (2013) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0b013e3182955dad · Cited by 51
Berthelsen, M. P., Husu, E., Christensen, S. B., Prahm, K. P., Vissing, J., & Jensen, B. R. (2014) · Neuromuscular Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.nmd.2014.03.001 · Cited by 54
“7 age) to estimate HRmax since we were not able to measure maximal heart rate otherwise [12].”
MethodOpie, G. M., & Semmler, J. G. (2019) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.05.049 · Cited by 48
Wilke, J. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-69139-z · Cited by 56
Effects of Stretching on Maximal Anaerobic Power: The Roles of Active and Passive Warm-Ups
Cè, E., Margonato, V., Casasco, M., & Veicsteinas, A. (2008) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0b013e31816a4353 · Cited by 51
“The running intensity corresponded to 60–65% of the theoretical maximal heart rate calculated following Tanaka’s equation (23).”
BackgroundInfluentialVarady, K. A., Ebine, N., Vanstone, C. A., Parsons, W. E., & Jones, P. J. H. (2004) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/80.5.1159 · Cited by 51
“Training intensity was estimated for each subject with the use of an agepredicted heart rate maximum (HRmax) equation [209 – (0.7 age)] ( 14 ).”
MethodInfluentialSugawara, J., Komine, H., Hayashi, K., Yoshizawa, M., Otsuki, T., Shimojo, N., Miyauchi, T., Yokoi, T., Maeda, S., & Tanaka, H. (2007) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00273.2007 · Cited by 51
Self-citationValidation of Maximal Heart Rate Prediction Equations based on Sex and Physical Activity Status
Roy, S., & McCrory, J. L. (2015) · International journal of exercise science · doi:10.70252/uwvu7108 · Cited by 53
“Other MHREs published by Londeree and Moeschberger (24) (HRmax = 206 – 0.7x age) and Gellish et al. (9) (HRmax = 207 – 0.7 x age) resemble the MHRE reported by Tanaka (39).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialRelationships between Obesity, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Cardiovascular Function
Davison, K., Bircher, S., Hill, A. M., Coates, A. M., Howe, P. R. C., & Buckley, J. D. (2010) · Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1155/2010/191253 · Cited by 50
Neset, A., Birkenes, T. S., Myklebust, H., et al. (2010) · Resuscitation · doi:10.1016/j.resuscitation.2010.03.028 · Cited by 50
Experimental study of the physical impact of a passive exoskeleton on manual sanding operations
Moyon, A., Poirson, É., & Petiot, J.-F. (2018) · Procedia CIRP · doi:10.1016/j.procir.2018.04.028 · Cited by 50
Prediction of Relative Physical Activity Intensity Using Multimodal Sensing of Physiological Data
Chowdhury, A. K., Tjondronegoro, D., Chandran, V., Zhang, J., & Trost, S. G. (2019) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s19204509 · Cited by 52
“Because of the linear relationship between HR and work rate during steady state exercise, HR based indices such as percentage of maximal HR (%HRmax) and percentage of HR reserve (%HRR) are widely used metrics for quantifying the relative intensity of PA [14,24,25].”
BackgroundInfluentialInoue, K., Fujie, S. J., Hasegawa, N., Horii, N., Uchida, M., Iemitsu, K., Sanada, K., Hamaoka, T., & Iemitsu, M. (2019) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2019-0602 · Cited by 76
“…was designated as VO2peak if three out of the following four criteria were met: (i) plateau of VO2 with an increase in external work, (ii) maximal respiratory exchange ratio ≥ 1.1, (iii) maximal heart rate ≥ 90% of the age-predicted maximum (208–0.7 × age) (Tanaka et al. 2001), and (iv) RPE ≥ 18.”
BackgroundInfluentialda Silva, D. F., Verri, S. M., Nakamura, F. Y., & Machado, F. A. (2013) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1080/17461391.2013.832802 · Cited by 49
Schmitt, B., Bauer, S., Kutty, S., et al. (2014) · The Annals of Thoracic Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2014.05.031 · Cited by 49
“This equation is still used in our institution, although it may underestimate maximal heart frequency in older individuals [15].”
Method85% of maximal age-predicted heart rate is not a valid endpoint for exercise treadmill testing
Jain, M. M., Nkonde, C., Lin, B. A., Walker, A., & Wackers, F. J. T. (2011) · Journal of Nuclear Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s12350-011-9454-0 · Cited by 49
Heavy Physical Work: Cardiovascular Load in Male Construction Workers
Lunde, L.-K., Koch, M., Veiersted, K., Moen, G.-H., Wærsted, M., & Knardahl, S. (2016) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph13040356 · Cited by 49
“The relative HR (RHR or % of HR reserve) takes HRmin into account by subtracting HRmin from the HR measured during work and from HRmax.”
MethodInfluentialPerkins, S. E., Jelinek, H. F., Al-Aubaidy, H. A., & de Jong, B. (2016) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2016.08.009 · Cited by 47
Competition and cooperation with virtual players in an exergame
Shaw, L. A., Buckley, J., Corballis, P. M., Lutteroth, C., & Wuensche, B. C. (2016) · PeerJ Computer Science · doi:10.7717/peerj-cs.92 · Cited by 53
“7 × age (Tanaka et al., 2001).”
Akbarpour, M. (2013) · Biology of Sport · doi:10.5604/20831862.1029817 · Cited by 48
O’Donovan, C., Roche, E. F., & Hussey, J. M. (2013) · Pediatric Obesity · doi:10.1111/j.2047-6310.2013.00172.x · Cited by 48
Cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity in Luo, Kamba, and Maasai of rural Kenya
Christensen, D. L., Faurholt‐Jepsen, D., Boit, M. K., Mwaniki, D. L., Kilonzo, B., Tetens, I., Kiplamai, F. K., Cheruiyot, S., Friis, H., Borch‐Johnsen, K., et al. (2012) · American Journal of Human Biology · doi:10.1002/ajhb.22303 · Cited by 48
“…HR to protocol-estimated physiological intensity, and also to obtain an estimate of the CRF level (expressed as ml O2 min21 kg21) by extrapolation of the submaximal relationship to age-predicted maximal HR (Tanaka et al., 2001) and adding an estimate of resting metabolic rate (Henry, 2005).”
MethodHeart Rate Variability in Stroke Patients Submitted to an Acute Bout of Aerobic Exercise
Raimundo, R. D., de Abreu, L. C., Adami, F., Vanderlei, F. M., de Carvalho, T. D., Moreno, I. L., Pereira, V. X., Valenti, V. E., & Sato, M. A. (2013) · Translational Stroke Research · doi:10.1007/s12975-013-0263-4 · Cited by 51
Delussu, A. S., Morone, G., Iosa, M., Bragoni, M., Traballesi, M., & Paolucci, S. (2014) · Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/1743-0003-11-54 · Cited by 48
“As already showed by the SS RER data, EI also accounted for a submaximal effort in both groups in all observed walking conditions; in fact, EI never reached 70% [28].”
MethodWanderley, F. A. C., Oliveira, N. L., Marques, E. A., Moreira, P. A. M., de Oliveira, J. J. F., & Carvalho, J. (2013) · Journal of Applied Gerontology · doi:10.1177/0733464812468502 · Cited by 53
Cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular burden in chronic kidney disease
Howden, E. J., Weston, K. S., Leano, R., Sharman, J. E., Marwick, T. H., Isbel, N. M., & Coombes, J. S. (2014) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2014.07.005 · Cited by 54
The Healthy Mind, Healthy Mobility Trial
Gill, D. P., Gregory, M. A., Zou, G., Liu-Ambrose, T. Y. L., Shigematsu, R., Hachinski, V., Fitzgerald, C., & Petrella, R. J. (2015) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000000758 · Cited by 48
“, (44) for those who abstained or were unable to complete the 172 maximal exercise stress test.”
Kerhervé, H. A., Samozino, P., Descombe, F., Pinay, M., Millet, G. Y., Pasqualini, M., & Rupp, T. (2017) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00247 · Cited by 47
“Each participant’s HR was expressed as a percentage of theoretical maximum HR (%HR) using Equation (1) (Tanaka et al., 2001):”
MethodInfluentialThe Physiology and Biomechanics of the Master Runner
Willy, R. W., & Paquette, M. R. (2018) · Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review · doi:10.1097/jsa.0000000000000212 · Cited by 56
Goulet, E. D. B., & Hoffman, M. D. (2019) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-018-01051-z · Cited by 49
Kim, J., Ahn, C. R., & Nam, Y. (2019) · Computers Environment and Urban Systems · doi:10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2019.02.003 · Cited by 48
Kong, Z., Sze, T. M., Yu, J. J., Loprinzi, P. D., Xiao, T., Yeung, A., Li, C., Zhang, H., & Zou, L. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16071152 · Cited by 48
“As our participants’ age ranged between 10 and 18 years, their maximum HR of 202 to 210 bpm was obtained through subtracting their age range from 220 [39,40].”
Bossers, S. S. M., Helbing, W. A., Duppen, N., et al. (2014) · Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2013.12.046 · Cited by 48
Longitudinal examination of age-predicted symptom-limited exercise maximum HR
ZHU, N., SUAREZ-LOPEZ, J. R., SIDNEY, S., STERNFELD, B., SCHREINER, P. J., CARNETHON, M. R., LEWIS, C. E., CROW, R. S., BOUCHARD, C., HASKELL, W. L., et al. (2010) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e3181cf8242 · Cited by 47
“(22), which were based on a large number of true maximal tests studied in cross-sectional designs.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialCardiovascular Responses During a Submaximal Exercise Test in Patients with Parkinson's Disease
Speelman, A. D., Groothuis, J. T., van Nimwegen, M., van der Scheer, E. S., Borm, G. F., Bloem, B. R., Hopman, M. T. E., & Munneke, M. (2012) · Journal of Parkinson s Disease · doi:10.3233/jpd-2012-012111 · Cited by 47
“Cardiac sympathetic denervation causes decreased decreased cardiac output during exercise and are associated with shortness of breath [26] and fatigue [27]. and might force them to lead a more sedentary lifestyle [1].”
Swift, D. L., Johannsen, N. M., Lavie, C. J., Earnest, C. P., Johnson, W. D., Blair, S. N., Church, T. S., & Newton, R. L. (2013) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01077.2012 · Cited by 46
Integrating Aerobic Training Within Subacute Stroke Rehabilitation: A Feasibility Study
Biasin, L., Sage, M. D., Brunton, K., Fraser, J., Howe, J.-A., Bayley, M. T., Brooks, D., McIlroy, W. E., Mansfield, A., & Inness, E. L. (2014) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.2522/ptj.20130404 · Cited by 47
Metadata
- Authors
- Tanaka, H., Monahan, K. D., & Seals, D. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Colorado Boulder (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tanaka, Hirofumi
- Venue
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2001-01
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 153-156
- ISSN
- 0735-1097 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2090296913
- Semantic Scholar
- 857d95626adc70db6e64da8c5fa9060489db0262
- Cited by
- 3,775
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 249 · 2025: 277 · 2024: 304 · 2023: 240 · 2022: 295 · 2021: 262 · 2020: 273 · 2019: 259 · 2018: 246 · 2017: 189 · 2016: 182 · 2015: 174 · 2014: 178 · 2013: 149 · 2012: 107
- FWCI
- 38.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (AG-13038, AG 00847, AG-06537, R01AG006537)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise
- Keywords
- maximal heart rate, heart rate prediction equations, older adults, exercise prescription, exercise testing, physical stress, physical activity behavior, sex differences
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Reference Values
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-11, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-11 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Cited sources are checked with a language model’s help (gpt-6-sol).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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