Cited by 401Autism Spectrum Disorder ResearchGenetics and Neurodevelopmental DisordersFetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders

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Brainstem, cerebellar and limbic neuroanatomical abnormalities in autism

Courchesne, Eric·1997·Current Opinion in Neurobiology

DOI 10.1016/s0959-4388(97)80016-5

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Abstract

Recent autopsy and/or quantitative magnetic resonance imaging studies of autistic patients have identified agenesis of the superior olive, dysgenesis of the facial nucleus, reduced numbers of Purkinje neurons, hypoplasia of the brainstem and posterior cerebellum, and increased neuron-packing density of the medial, cortical and central nuclei of the amygdala and the medial septum. As neurogenesis occurs for these different neuron types during approximately the fifth week of gestation, the possibility is raised that this may be a 'window of vulnerability' for autism; the likely etiologic heterogeneity of autism suggests that other windows of vulnerability are also possible.

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Authors: Courchesne, E.
Affiliations: University of California San Diego (US)
Corresponding author: Courchesne, Eric
ORCID: Courchesne, Eric
Venue: Current Opinion in Neurobiology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1997-04
Volume: 7
Issue: 2
Pages: 269-278
ISSN: 0959-4388 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0959-4388(97)80016-5
OpenAlex: W2165792108
Cited by: 401
References: 63
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 20
FWCI: 2.04
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Current Opinion in Neurobiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH036840, 1-RO1-MH36840)
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS019855, 2-RO1-NS-19855)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders
Keywords: autism spectrum disorder, brainstem, cerebellum, limbic system, Purkinje cells, brainstem hypoplasia, amygdala, medial septum, neurogenesis, developmental vulnerability, autism etiology
MeSH terms: Autistic Disorder, Brain Stem, Cerebellum, Humans, Limbic System

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Brainstem, cerebellar and limbic neuroanatomical abnormalities in autism

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