The DOI matches its Crossref record; 112 of the 117 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Will Money Increase Subjective Well-Being?
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Most research has revealed a small but discernible relationship between income and well-being.
“Most of this work has revealed a small, but discernible, relationship between income and well-being (for reviews, see Clark, Frijters, & Shields, 2008; Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002; Diener & Oishi, 2000).”
From How your bank balance buys happiness: The importance of “cash on hand” to life satisfaction. (2016) · cites this paper as Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002
People with larger incomes tend to report greater evaluative well-being.
“These studies show that people with larger incomes tend to report greater evaluative well-being (1–10).”
From Experienced well-being rises with income, even above $75,000 per year (2021) · cites this paper as [1]
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“For example, marriage (Mastekaasa, 1994), a comfortable income (Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002), superior mental health (Koivumaa-Honkanen et al., 2004), and a long life (Danner, Snowdon, & Friesen, 2001) all covary with reports of high happiness levels.”
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“Diener & Biswas-Diener (2002) reviewed a number of studies that report correlations in the neighborhood of .60 to .70 between the wealth of nations and their mean levels of SWB.”
BackgroundSelf-citationHigh income improves evaluation of life but not emotional well-being
Kahneman, D., & Deaton, A. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1011492107 · Cited by 3,162
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“Diener and Biswas-Diener (2002) found that this pattern did not occur in the majority of studies they reviewed.”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationThe social context of well–being
Helliwell, J. F., & Putnam, R. D. (2004) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2004.1522 · Cited by 2,504
“…levels of economic development, income does indeed predict subjective well-being, at somewhat higher levels (say, above the median for OECD countries) material well-being appears to have a quite modest effect (Diener & Oishi 2000; Diener & Biswas-Diener 2002; Frey & Stutzer 2002; Easterlin 2003).”
BackgroundSpending money on others promotes happiness
Dunn, E. W., Aknin, L. B., & Norton, M. I. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1150952 · Cited by 1,657
Personality and Subjective Well-Being
Richard, E., & Diener, E. (2009) · Social indicators research series · doi:10.1007/978-90-481-2350-6_4 · Cited by 1,615
Self-citationUnemployment Alters the Set Point for Life Satisfaction
Lucas, R. E., Clark, A. E., Georgellis, Y., & Diener, E. (2004) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.0963-7214.2004.01501002.x · Cited by 1,327
“For example, in a review of the income-SWB association, Diener and Biswas-Diener (2002) reported that most surveys find correlations in the range of .13 to .24.”
BackgroundSelf-citationWould You Be Happier If You Were Richer? A Focusing Illusion
Kahneman, D. J., Krueger, A. B., Schkade, D. A., Schwarz, N., & Stone, A. A. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1129688 · Cited by 1,258
Beyond the hedonic treadmill: Revising the adaptation theory of well-being.
Diener, E., Lucas, R. E., & Scollon, C. N. (2006) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.61.4.305 · Cited by 1,946
“However, Diener and Biswas-Diener (2002) reviewed studies showing that national levels of wealth strongly predict the subjective well-being of nations, whereas change in wealth is inconsistent in its effects across studies.”
BackgroundSelf-citationIs the desire for status a fundamental human motive? A review of the empirical literature.
Anderson, C., Hildreth, J. A. D., & Howland, L. (2015) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0038781 · Cited by 1,133
Advances and Open Questions in the Science of Subjective Well-Being
Diener, E., Lucas, R. E., & Oishi, S. (2018) · Collabra Psychology · doi:10.1525/collabra.115 · Cited by 1,333
“…surprising that many studies have examined the association between material well-being and SWB. Reviews are available from Argyle and Furnham (1998), Diener and Biswas-Diener (2002), Diener and Oishi (2000), Ng (2013), Stevenson and Wolfers (2013), Weiman, Knabe, and Schob (2015), and Xiao (2014).”
Self-citationReconsidering happiness: The costs of distinguishing between hedonics and eudaimonia
Kashdan, T. B., Biswas-Diener, R., & King, L. A. (2008) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760802303044 · Cited by 1,027
“Much of the research in this field has been conducted on the factors that influence individual appraisals of happiness such as material wealth (Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002), comparison standards (Michalos, 1985), and temperament (Lyyken & Tellegen, 1996).”
Self-citationSheldon, K. M., Ryan, R. M., Deci, E. L., & Kasser, T. (2004) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167203261883 · Cited by 981
“…income influenced the effects of goal contents and motives on changes in well-being; that is, it allowed us to examine and control for the possibility that strong, extrinsic, postgraduation goals might lead to higher incomes, which could influence well-being (Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002).”
BackgroundDiener, E., Ng, S. H., Harter, J. K., & Arora, R. (2010) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0018066 · Cited by 968
Self-citationProsocial Spending and Well-Being: Cross-Cultural Evidence for a Psychological Universal
Aknin, L. B., Barrington-Leigh, C. P., Dunn, E. W., Helliwell, J. F., Burns, J., Biswas‐Diener, R., Kemeza, I., Nyende, P., Ashton-James, C. E., & Norton, M. I. (2010) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0031578 · Cited by 886
“Accessibility RUNNING HEAD: Prosocial Spending and Well-being Prosocial Spending and Well-Being: Cross-Cultural Evidence for a Psychological Universal Lara B. Aknin University of British Columbia Christopher P. Barrington-Leigh McGill University Elizabeth W. Dunn and John F. Helliwell University of British Columbia Ju…”
InfluentialSelf-citationNetemeyer, R. G., Warmath, D., Fernandes, D., & Lynch, J. G. (2018) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1093/jcr/ucx109 · Cited by 842
Nelson, S. K., Kushlev, K., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2014) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0035444 · Cited by 638
“SES, as indicated by income, education, and occupation, is related to many important life outcomes, including both well-being and health (Adler & Rehkopf, 2008; Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002).”
BackgroundMoney and mental wellbeing: A longitudinal study of medium-sized lottery wins
Gardner, J., & Oswald, A. J. (2007) · Journal of Health Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2006.08.004 · Cited by 562
“For discussions of this question, see, for example, Easterlin (1974), Martin (1995), and Diener and Biswas-Diener (2002).”
Does Happiness Promote Career Success?
Boehm, J. K., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2007) · Journal of Career Assessment · doi:10.1177/1069072707308140 · Cited by 612
“For example, happiness is related to income (Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002), favorable evaluations by a superior (Cropanzano & Wright, 1999), helping fellow workers (George, 1991), and social support from colleagues and supervisors (Iverson, Olekalns, & Erwin, 1998).”
BackgroundTan, J. J. X., Kraus, M. W., Carpenter, N. C., & Adler, N. E. (2020) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000258 · Cited by 644
Matthews, G., Deary, I. J., & Whiteman, M. C. (2003) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511812736 · Cited by 552
Consumer Financial Capability and Financial Satisfaction
Xiao, J. J., Chen, C., & Chen, F. (2013) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s11205-013-0414-8 · Cited by 512
The relation of economic status to subjective well-being in developing countries: A meta-analysis.
Howell, R. T., & Howell, C. J. (2008) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.134.4.536 · Cited by 551
“Yet, in cross-sectional analyses, correlations between wealth or income and happiness tend to vary according to the economic status of the country or sample (e.g., Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002; Diener & Oishi, 2000; Diener et al., 1993; Diener, Suh, Lucas, & Smith, 1999; Schyns, 1998, 2002; Veenhoven, 1991, 1996).”
BackgroundInfluentialThe relationship between pay and job satisfaction: A meta-analysis of the literature
Judge, T. A., Piccolo, R. F., Podsakoff, N. P., Shaw, J. C., & Rich, B. L. (2010) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2010.04.002 · Cited by 729
“Moreover, across nations, the correlation between average well-being and average per capita income ranges from r ̂ =.50 to r ̂ =.70 ( Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002).”
Busseri, M. A., & Sadava, S. W. (2010) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/1088868310391271 · Cited by 552
“Diener and Biswas-Diener (2002), for example, suggested that “life satisfaction, pleasant affect, and lack of unpleasant affect are separable constructs that must be”
BackgroundExplaining Away: A Model of Affective Adaptation
Wilson, T. D., & Gilbert, D. T. (2008) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1745-6924.2008.00085.x · Cited by 500
Personality Factors, Money Attitudes, Financial Knowledge, and Credit‐Card Debt in College Students1
Norvilitis, J. M., Merwin, M. M., Osberg, T. M., Roehling, P. V., Young, P., & Kamas, M. M. (2006) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.0021-9029.2006.00065.x · Cited by 484
Mapping the Evolution of Social Research and Data Science on 30 Years of Social Indicators Research
Aria, M., Misuraca, M., & Spano, M. (2020) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s11205-020-02281-3 · Cited by 562
Cramm, J. M., van Dijk, H. M., & Nieboer, A. P. (2012) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/gns052 · Cited by 482
“This fi nding is consistent with earlier studies showing that the risk of low subjective well being is apparently higher for poor and single individuals ( Cramm et al., 2010 ; Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002 ).”
ResultHappiness, income satiation and turning points around the world
Jebb, A. T., Tay, L., Diener, E., & Oishi, S. (2018) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-017-0277-0 · Cited by 439
Self-citationWellbeing in Developing Countries
(2007) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511488986 · Cited by 446
Adam Smith, Behavioral Economist
Ashraf, N., Camerer, C. F., & Loewenstein, G. F. (2005) · The Journal of Economic Perspectives · doi:10.1257/089533005774357897 · Cited by 434
Acting for Happiness: Financial Behavior and Life Satisfaction of College Students
Xiao, J. J., Tang, C., & Shim, S. (2008) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s11205-008-9288-6 · Cited by 496
Kim‐Prieto, C., Diener, E., Tamir, M., Scollon, C. N., & Diener, E. (2005) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-005-7226-8 · Cited by 427
“SWB has been extensively studied in relation to demographic factors such as marriage (Lucas et al., 2003; Reis and Gable, 2003) and income (Diener and Biswas-Diener, 2002, for a review), personality factors (Diener and Lucas, 1999), coping (e.g., King et al., 2000), and goal pursuit (Emmons, 1986).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationFinancial Behaviors and Financial Well-Being of College Students: Evidence from a National Survey
Gutter, M. S., & Çopur, Z. (2011) · Journal of Family and Economic Issues · doi:10.1007/s10834-011-9255-2 · Cited by 418
“Diener and Biswas-Diener (2002) reported that those whose income allows them to satisfy their desires report greater wellbeing.”
BackgroundHsee, C. K., & Zhang, J. (2010) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691610374586 · Cited by 410
Understanding subjective well-being: perspectives from psychology and public health
Das, K., Jones-Harrell, C., Fan, Y., Ramaswami, A., Orlove, B., & Botchwey, N. D. (2020) · Public health reviews · doi:10.1186/s40985-020-00142-5 · Cited by 515
“Some suggest that higher income may not necessarily increase SWB but does buffer the impacts of negative emotions, such as worry [105, 147, 152].”
BackgroundBeyond Money: Toward an Economy of Well-Being
Diener, E., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2009) · Social indicators research series · doi:10.1007/978-90-481-2350-6_9 · Cited by 415
Self-citationHappiness adaptation to income and to status in an individual panel
Tella, R. D., Haisken‐DeNew, J. P., & MacCulloch, R. (2010) · Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization · doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2010.09.016 · Cited by 459
“…who had won between $50,000 and $1,000,000 at the lottery the previous year reported comparable life satisfaction levels as those that did not.4 Frederick and Loewenstein (1999) and Diener and Biswas-Diener (2002) present reviews of the evidence available, gathered largely in the psychology field.”
If money doesn't make you happy, then you probably aren't spending it right
Dunn, E. W., Gilbert, D. T., & Wilson, T. D. (2011) · Journal of Consumer Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jcps.2011.02.002 · Cited by 389
“Scientists have studied the relationship between money and happiness for decades and their conclusion is clear: Money buys happiness, but it buys less than most people think (Aknin, Norton, & Dunn, 2009; Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002; Frey & Stutzer, 2000).”
BackgroundJohnson, W., & Krueger, R. F. (2006) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.90.4.680 · Cited by 382
“…in individual income are reliably associated with later increases in individual well-being only when the income increases are slow and steady (Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002), hinting that expectations about and perceived control of increases may be involved in the association with well-being.”
BackgroundKrueger, J. I., & Funder, D. C. (2004) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x04000081 · Cited by 374
The Culture of Affluence: Psychological Costs of Material Wealth
Luthar, S. S. (2003) · Child Development · doi:10.1046/j.1467-8624.2003.00625.x · Cited by 361
“Adults who are unhappy also tend to seek solace in the acquisition of material goods (Diener & Biswas- Diener, 2002).”
BackgroundOrganized Activity Participation, Positive Youth Development, and the Over-Scheduling Hypothesis
Mahoney, J. L., Harris, A. L., & Eccles, J. S. (2006) · Child Policy Nexus · doi:10.1002/j.2379-3988.2006.tb00049.x · Cited by 338
“And people who are unhappy, with a fragile sense of self, can be more acquisitive than philanthropic, focused more on gaining more for themselves rather than on contributing to the welfare of others (Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002).”
BackgroundFlexible working conditions and their effects on employee health and wellbeing
Joyce, K. E., Pabayo, R., Critchley, J., & Bambra, C. L. (2010) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd008009.pub2 · Cited by 378
Gender Differences in Subjective Well-Being: Comparing Societies with Respect to Gender Equality
Tesch‐Römer, C., Motel-Klingebiel, A., & Tomasik, M. J. (2007) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s11205-007-9133-3 · Cited by 332
“Reaching important personal goals increases satisfaction and happiness of a person, even if this might be moderated by individual motives ( Diener and Biswas-Diener 2002; Diener and Fujita 1995; Srivastava et al. 2001), control beliefs (Lachman and Weaver 1998), or coping strategies like accomodation (Brandtsta ¨dter…”
BackgroundHuman Development: Beyond the Human Development Index
Ranis, G., Stewart, F., & Samman, E. (2006) · Journal of Human Development · doi:10.1080/14649880600815917 · Cited by 325
Judge, T. A., Hurst, C., & Simon, L. (2009) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0015497 · Cited by 325
“A final purpose of this study is to consider how self-concept affects financial strain, which influences productivity (Joo & Grable, 2004; Kim, Sorhaindo, & Carman, 2006) and is implicated in overall well-being ( Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002; van Praag, Frijters, & Ferrer-i-Carbonell, 2003).”
BackgroundExperientialism, Materialism, and the Pursuit of Happiness
Van Boven, L. (2005) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/1089-2680.9.2.132 · Cited by 318
“Among the most intriguing findings of research on subjective well-being is that increases in material goods are not met with corresponding increases in happiness (Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002; Easterlin, 1995).”
BackgroundSteptoe, A., ardle, J., Tsuda, A., & Tanaka, Y. (2007) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf03004175 · Cited by 312
From Data to Causes I: Building A General Cross-Lagged Panel Model (GCLM)
Zyphur, M. J., Allison, P. D., Tay, L., Voelkle, M. C., Preacher, K. J., Zhang, Z., Hamaker, E. L., Shamsollahi, A., Pierides, D. C., Koval, P., et al. (2019) · Organizational Research Methods · doi:10.1177/1094428119847278 · Cited by 335
“First, income may lead to SWB by reducing monetary stressors and increasing access to positive environments (Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002).”
BackgroundSelf-citationCheung, F., & Lucas, R. E. (2015) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/pspp0000059 · Cited by 308
“Multiple reviews (Clark, Frijters, & Shields, 2008; Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002; Howell & Howell, 2008; Lucas & Dyrenforth, 2006; Pinquart & Sörensen, 2000) have also shown that the positive association between income and life satisfaction is robust and replicable.”
Making the Best of a Bad Situation: Satisfaction in the Slums of Calcutta
Biswas‐Diener, R., & Diener, E. (2009) · Social indicators research series · doi:10.1007/978-90-481-2352-0_13 · Cited by 298
Self-citationCaprariello, P. A., & Reis, H. T. (2012) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0030953 · Cited by 308
Personality and career success: Concurrent and longitudinal relations
Sutin, A. R., Costa, P. T., Miech, R. A., & Eaton, W. W. (2009) · European Journal of Personality · doi:10.1002/per.704 · Cited by 283
“Money may not buy happiness or well-being (Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002; Kahneman, Krueger, Schkade, Schwarz, & Stone, 2006) but it may decrease dispositional proneness to negative affects and emotional distress.”
BackgroundSubjective Well-Being Around the World: Trends and Predictors Across the Life Span
Jebb, A. T., Morrison, M., Tay, L., & Diener, E. (2020) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0956797619898826 · Cited by 282
“Many scholars argue that it is necessary to examine all three in order to draw conclusions about subjective well-being (Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002; Lucas, Diener, & Suh, 1996).”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe prevalence of postpartum depression
Segre, L. S., O’Hara, M. W., Arndt, S. V., & Stuart, S. P. (2007) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-007-0168-1 · Cited by 276
“The significant correlation of poverty and depression has even been found at the systems level: there are significant correlations between a country’s economic wealth and the average report of subjective well-being [7].”
BackgroundLuthar, S. S., & Latendresse, S. J. (2005) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.0963-7214.2005.00333.x · Cited by 275
“And people who are unhappy, with a fragile, meager sense of self, can be more acquisitive than philanthropic, focusedmore on gaining more for themselves than on improving the lot of others (Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002).”
Jan-emmanuel De Neve, A., & Oswald, A. J. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1211437109 · Cited by 290
Experienced well-being rises with income, even above $75,000 per year
Killingsworth, M. A. (2021) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2016976118 · Cited by 274
Anti‐consumption, Materialism, and Consumer Well‐being
Lee, M., & Ahn, C. S. Y. (2016) · Journal of Consumer Affairs · doi:10.1111/joca.12089 · Cited by 271
Mogilner, C. (2010) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0956797610380696 · Cited by 274
“However, psychologists have found a weak relationship between money and happiness (Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002; Frey & Stutzer, 2002; Kahneman, Krueger, Schkade, Schwarz, & Stone, 2006), and economists have found that Americans’ happiness levels have remained largely constant over the last 50…”
BackgroundHedonic adaptation and the role of decision and experience utility in public policy
Loewenstein, G. F., & Ubel, P. A. (2008) · Journal of Public Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2007.12.011 · Cited by 264
Socioeconomic status and well-being during COVID-19: A resource-based examination.
Wanberg, C. R., Csillag, B., Douglass, R. P., Zhou, L., & Pollard, M. S. (2020) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000831 · Cited by 256
“…they have a higher expectation for a constant availability of resources (including ones not incorporated in our theorizing), and therefore experience greater declines in well-being when a crisis contracts or threatens their resource supplies (Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002; Tversky & Kahneman, 1991).”
BackgroundBeyond the Hedonic Treadmill: Revising the Adaptation Theory of Well-Being
Diener, E., Lucas, R. E., & Scollon, C. N. (2009) · Social indicators research series · doi:10.1007/978-90-481-2350-6_5 · Cited by 261
Self-citationHuman behavioral contributions to climate change: Psychological and contextual drivers.
Swim, J. K., Clayton, S., & Howard, G. S. (2011) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/a0023472 · Cited by 275
“In economically developed countries, there is only a small positive correlation between individual income and self-reported subjective well-being (Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002), and income is only weakly related to daily mood (Kahneman, Krueger, Schkade, Schwarz, & Stone, 2006).”
The Effects of Wealth and Income on Subjective Well‐Being and Ill‐Being*
Headey, B., & Wooden, M. (2004) · Economic Record · doi:10.1111/j.1475-4932.2004.00181.x · Cited by 251
“…have only a slight though statistically significant effect on happiness and other measures of well-being (Andrews and Withey 1976; Argyle 1987; Campbell, Converse and Rodgers 1976; Diener and Biswas-Diener 2002; Diener et al. 1999; Headey and Wearing 1992; Kahnemann, Diener and Schwarz 1999).”
Financial Deprivation Prompts Consumers to Seek Scarce Goods
Sharma, E., & Alter, A. L. (2012) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/664038 · Cited by 250
“People throughout the world strive to maintain a stable sense of wellbeing (Diener 1984), and financial comfort is a critical component of general wellbeing and life satisfaction (e.g., Diener and Biswas-Diener 2002; Diener and Oishi 2000; Diener and Seligman 2004).”
Societal threat and cultural variation in the strength of social norms: An evolutionary basis
Roos, P., Gelfand, M., Nau, D., & Lun, J. (2015) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2015.01.003 · Cited by 232
“…with this property is supported by an abundance of evidence across disciplines that increased resources lead to diminishing increases in utility (Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002; Diener, Kahneman, Tov, & Arora, 2010; Foster, 2004; Frey & Stutzer, 2010; Veenhoven, 1989), and has appeared in several…”
The Subjective Well-Being of the Homeless, and Lessons for Happiness
Biswas‐Diener, R., & Diener, E. (2006) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s11205-005-8671-9 · Cited by 243
Self-citationDecision and experience: why don't we choose what makes us happy?
Hsee, C. K., & Hastie, R. (2005) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2005.11.007 · Cited by 247
Social desirability bias in self-reported well-being measures: evidence from an online survey
Caputo, A. (2017) · Universitas Psychologica · doi:10.11144/javeriana.upsy16-2.sdsw · Cited by 194
“…controlling for several socio-demographic variables which could affect this relationship (Brajša-Žganec & Kaliterna-Lipovčan, 2006; Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002; Diener, Suh, & Oishi, 1997; Kaliterna-Lipovčan & PrizmićLarsen, 2006; Pavot & Diener, 2004), such as gender, age, education,…”
Headey, B., Muffels, R., & Wooden, M. (2008) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s11205-007-9146-y · Cited by 239
Economic Migration and Happiness: Comparing Immigrants’ and Natives’ Happiness Gains From Income
Bartram, D. (2010) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s11205-010-9696-2 · Cited by 248
“The consequences of increased income are probably separable from the consequences of the means by which one gains increased income (Diener and Biswas-Diener 2002).”
BackgroundSwim, J. K., Clayton, S., Doherty, T. J., & Gifford, R. (2009) · Cited by 239
Personality predictors of Consumerism and Environmentalism: A preliminary study
Hirsh, J. B., & Dolderman, D. C. (2007) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2007.04.015 · Cited by 238
“Another distinct characteristic of materialistic values is that they appear to be negatively related to subjective well-being (Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2004; Kasser & Ahuvia, 2001; Kasser & Ryan, 1993).”
BackgroundNg, S. H., & Diener, E. (2014) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0036856 · Cited by 258
Self-citationDoes Happiness Promote Career Success? Revisiting the Evidence
Walsh, L. C., Boehm, J. K., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2018) · Journal of Career Assessment · doi:10.1177/1069072717751441 · Cited by 265
“Indeed, happiness and income rise in tandem (Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002; Pinquart & Sorensen, 2000) up until about USD 75,000, after which point greater income does not enhance emotional well-being or happiness (Kahneman & Deaton, 2010).”
BackgroundShmotkin, D. (2005) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/1089-2680.9.4.291 · Cited by 233
“As to the troubling question of whether money brings happiness, studies have shown that beyond the provision of necessities, affluence has little effect on SWB (Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002; Myers, 2000).”
BackgroundHow much does money really matter? Estimating the causal effects of income on happiness
Powdthavee, N. (2009) · Empirical Economics · doi:10.1007/s00181-009-0295-5 · Cited by 226
The importance of species diversity for human well-being in Europe
Methorst, J., Katrin Rehdanz, A., Mueller, T., Hansjürgens, B., Bonn, A., & Böhning‐Gaese, K. (2020) · Ecological Economics · doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2020.106917 · Cited by 230
“However, these results still suggest that bird species richness, like income, access to green space or other factors, is important for life-satisfaction at a continental level (e.g. Diener and Biswas-Diener, 2002; Dolan et al., 2008; Ma et al., 2019).”
Busseri, M. A. (2017) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2017.10.003 · Cited by 225
Lekes, N., Gingras, I., Philippe, F. L., Koestner, R., & Fang, J. (2009) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-009-9451-7 · Cited by 250
Studying user income through language, behaviour and affect in social media
Preoţiuc-Pietro, D., Volkova, S., Lampos, V., Bachrach, Y., & Aletras, N. (2015) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0138717 · Cited by 219
“The relationship between life satisfaction and income is widely debated [54].”
BackgroundWhen what one has is enough: Mindfulness, financial desire discrepancy, and subjective well-being
Brown, K. W., Kasser, T., Ryan, R. M., Linley, P. A., & Orzech, K. M. (2009) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2009.07.002 · Cited by 239
“The prominence of desire related discrepancies in the prediction of SWB is also consistent with evalua- ll rights reserved. tion theory (Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002; Diener & Lucas, 2000), which argues that desires and goals are chronically salient standards that are particularly likely to…”
BackgroundResultStressed Out on Four Continents: Time Crunch or Yuppie Kvetch?
Hamermesh, D. S., & Lee, J. (2007) · The Review of Economics and Statistics · doi:10.1162/rest.89.2.374 · Cited by 219
Navarro‐Carrillo, G., Alonso-Ferres, M., Moya, M., & Valor‐Segura, I. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01303 · Cited by 272
Rural–Urban Differences in Life Satisfaction: Evidence from the European Union
Sørensen, J. F. L. (2013) · Regional Studies · doi:10.1080/00343404.2012.753142 · Cited by 209
“…corrected for purchasing power parity: €700–1199; 0 = otherwise €1200 or more 1 =Monthly income per head of household corrected for purchasing power parity: €1200 or more; 0 = otherwise developed countries (EASTERLIN, 1973, 1995; DIENER and BISWAS-DIENER, 2002; BLANCHFLOWER and OSWALD, 2004).”
BackgroundThe environmental efficiency of well-being: A cross-national analysis
Knight, K. W., & Rosa, E. A. (2010) · Social Science Research · doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2010.11.002 · Cited by 213
“In contrast, if economic development and EWEB have a similar inverted U-shaped relationship, then further economic development may impede, rather than contribute to, sustainability. effect is likely to be small or non-existent (Diener and Biswas-Diener, 2002).”
BackgroundDiminishing Marginal Utility of Income? Caveat Emptor
Easterlin, R. A. (2005) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s11205-004-8393-4 · Cited by 209
Life satisfaction, ethical reflection, and the science of happiness
Haybron, D. M. (2006) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-006-9006-5 · Cited by 204
“40 For reviews of the literature on money and subjective well-being, see Diener and Biswas-Diener (2002), Diener and Seligman (2004), Argyle (1999, 2002), Myers (2000), Csikszentmihalyi (1999), and Frey and Stutzer (2002).”
BackgroundConsumer’s subjective financial well‐being: A systematic review and research agenda
Nanda, A. P., & Banerjee, R. (2021) · International Journal of Consumer Studies · doi:10.1111/ijcs.12668 · Cited by 222
Spirituality and Subjective Well-Being: Evidences for a New Domain in the Personal Well-Being Index
Herrera, E. W. (2007) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-007-9061-6 · Cited by 198
“The failures of objective measures of development to fully explain a society’s quality of life have led researchers ( Diener and Biswas-Diener 2002 ) to focus people’s subjective reactions to their world as well as to the domains that compose it. Authors such as Sen (1985, 1999, 2000), Sen and Sudir (1997) and Nussbau…”
Socioeconomic Status and Intimate Relationships
Karney, B. R. (2020) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-051920-013658 · Cited by 234
Income and emotional well-being: A conflict resolved
Killingsworth, M. A., Kahneman, D., & Mellers, B. (2023) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2208661120 · Cited by 190
Digital financial literacy and financial well-being
Choung, Y., Chatterjee, S., & Pak, T.-Y. (2023) · Finance research letters · doi:10.1016/j.frl.2023.104438 · Cited by 310
Insuring consumption and happiness through religious organizations
Dehejia, R., DeLeire, T., & Luttmer, E. F. P. (2006) · Journal of Public Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2006.05.004 · Cited by 188
Financial Satisfaction in Old Age: A Satisfaction Paradox or a Result of Accumulated Wealth?
Hansen, T., Slagsvold, B., & Moum, T. (2008) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s11205-007-9234-z · Cited by 200
“However, we have ignored global life satisfaction as it is much less well predicted by income and other economic variables than financial satisfaction (Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002; Headey & Wooden, 2004).”
BackgroundInfluentialRethinking Public Economics: The Implications of Rivalry and Habit
Layard, R. (2005) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/0199286280.003.0006 · Cited by 186
Metadata
- Authors
- Diener, E., & Biswas-Diener, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- Corresponding author
- Diener, Ed
- ORCID
- Diener, Ed
- Venue
- Social Indicators Research
- Published
- 2002-02
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 119-169
- ISSN
- 0303-8300 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-0921
- OpenAlex
- W1735969924
- Cited by
- 1,555
- References
- 117
- Citations by year
- 2026: 56 · 2025: 79 · 2024: 99 · 2023: 99 · 2022: 80 · 2021: 87 · 2020: 83 · 2019: 79 · 2018: 69 · 2017: 85 · 2016: 72 · 2015: 74 · 2014: 88 · 2013: 69 · 2012: 64
- FWCI
- 38.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Social Indicators Research (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Income, Poverty, and Inequality
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Quality of Life Measurement
- Keywords
- subjective well-being, income, happiness, materialism, material desire, poverty, economic growth, basic needs, social norms, consumption, The Wealth of Nations
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