Seasonally Modulated Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering Alters the Climate Outcomes
Abstract
By reflecting some incoming solar radiation, stratospheric aerosol intervention using SO 2 would reduce global mean temperature. Previous research has shown that multiple injection latitudes can be used to maintain not only global mean temperature, but also interhemispheric and equator‐to‐pole temperature gradients. However, the regional climate response depends not only on where the SO 2 is injected, but also on when. We show here that even with these same objectives and same choices of latitudes, injecting in only one season instead of continuously throughout the year results in significant differences in regional climate, for instance in the magnitude of precipitation changes over India. The differential outcomes highlight the potential for underlying trade‐offs, with different choices regarding deployment leading to a different distribution of benefits or harms. This aspect of climate engineering should be considered in developing governance and emphasizes the need for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying the regional responses.
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A shift in the Intertropical Convergence Zone in a pattern consistent with that following some large volcanic eruptions would be expected under stratospheric aerosol injection, including a general decrease in tropical precipitation.
“In particular, a shift in the Intertropical Convergence Zone in a pattern consistent with that following some large volcanic eruptions would be expected, including a general decrease in tropical precipitation [48, 50].”
There would be substantial regional variation in the extent and direction of changes in precipitation under stratospheric aerosol injection.
“However, there would be substantial regional variation in the extent and direction of changes in precipitation [48–50].”
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- Authors
- Visioni, D., MacMartin, D. G., Kravitz, B., Richter, J. H., Tilmes, S., & Mills, M. J.
- Affiliations
- Cornell University (US)
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (US)
- NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research (US)
- Corresponding author
- Visioni, Daniele
- ORCID
- Venue
- Geophysical Research Letters
- Publisher
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)
- Published
- 2020-06-13
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 12
- ISSN
- 0094-8276 (ISSN-L)
- 1944-8007
- OpenAlex
- W3034644201
- Cited by
- 61
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 3.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Geophysical Research Letters (publishedVersion)
- OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- David R. Atkinson Center for a Sustainable Future , Cornell University (CBET‐1818759)
- U.S. Department of Energy (DE‐AC05‐76RL01830)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Climate Change and Geoengineering
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Keywords
- stratospheric aerosol geoengineering, solar radiation management, sulfur dioxide insertion, regional climate response, precipitation change, equator-to-pole temperature gradient
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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