Invisible expressions evoke core impressions
Abstract
Participants viewed "hybrid" faces that showed a facial expression (anger, fear, happiness, or sadness) only in the lowest spatial frequency (1-6 cycles/image), which was blended with the same face's neutral expression in the rest of the bandwidth (7-128 cycles/image). Participants rated the portrayed persons (compared to neutral images) as "friendly" when the lowest spatial frequencies showed a positive expression and "unfriendly" when the lowest spatial frequencies showed negative expressions. In contrast, the same hybrid images were explicitly judged as neutral and their "hidden" emotional expressions could not be explicitly recognized, as also confirmed by d' sensitivity measures. Finally, one patient (SS) who had the left anterior temporal lobe surgically resected (including the amygdala), failed to show the above described unconscious effects on friendliness judgments when viewing "afraid" and "sad" hybrid faces. We conclude that the lowest spatial frequencies of facial expressions can evoke "core" emotions without knowledge or awareness of a specific emotion but these core emotions can convey a clear "impression" of a person's character.
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Despite lack of awareness, implicit emotional information in hybrid images influences how friendly faces are rated.
“Despite the lack of awareness, the implicit emotional information in the images did influence how friendly the faces were rated in relation to a social trait (i.e.friendliness).”
From Oxytocin enhances pupil dilation and sensitivity to 'hidden' emotional expressions (2013) · cites this paper as Laeng et al., 2010
Hybrid faces containing hidden anger or happiness, sadness or fear are judged as neutral when observers choose among emotion labels, indicating the hidden expression cannot be consciously acknowledged.
“Such 'hybrid' faces containing hidden anger or happiness, sadness or fear have been shown to be judged as neutral, when observers are asked to choose among various emotion labels, thus indicating that the underlying, 'hidden', expression cannot be consciously acknowledged (Laeng et al., 2010).”
From Oxytocin enhances pupil dilation and sensitivity to 'hidden' emotional expressions (2013) · cites this paper as Laeng et al., 2010
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Ellingsen, D.-M., Wessberg, J., Chelnokova, O., Olausson, H., Laeng, B., & Leknes, S. (2014) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.09.017 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Self-citationOxytocin enhances pupil dilation and sensitivity to 'hidden' emotional expressions
Leknes, S., Wessberg, J., Ellingsen, D.-M., Chelnokova, O., Olausson, H., & Laeng, B. (2013) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nss062 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Laeng, B., Profeti, I., Sæther, L., Adolfsdottir, S., Lundervold, A. J., Vangberg, T., Øvervoll, M., Johnsen, S. H., & Waterloo, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Oslo (NO)
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway (NO)
- University of Bergen (NO)
- University Hospital of North Norway (NO)
- Venue
- Emotion
- Published
- 2010-08
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 573-586
- ISSN
- 1528-3542 (ISSN-L)
- 1931-1516
- OpenAlex
- W2005152264
- Cited by
- 45
- References
- 100
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 2.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Emotion (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Face and Expression Recognition
- Keywords
- facial expressions, spatial frequency, basic emotions, amygdala, emotion recognition
- MeSH terms
- Anger, Emotions, Facial Expression, Female, Happiness, Humans, Judgment, Social Perception, Young Adult
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