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Cited by 568Emotions and Moral BehaviorNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

The regulation of negative and positive affect in daily life.

Brans, Karen, Koval, Peter, Verduyn, Philippe, Lim, Yan Lin, Kuppens, Peter·2013·Emotion
DOI 10.1037/a0032400
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Abstract

Emotion regulation has primarily been studied either experimentally or by using retrospective trait questionnaires. Very few studies have investigated emotion regulation in the context in which it is usually deployed, namely, the complexity of everyday life. We address this in the current paper by reporting findings of two experience-sampling studies (Ns = 46 and 95) investigating the use of six emotion-regulation strategies (reflection, reappraisal, rumination, distraction, expressive suppression, and social sharing) and their associations with changes in positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) in daily life. Regarding the relative use of emotion-regulation strategies, a highly similar ordering was found across both studies with distraction being used more than sharing and reappraisal. While the use of all six strategies was positively correlated both within- and between-persons, different strategies were associated with distinct affective consequences: Suppression and rumination were associated with increases in NA and decreases in PA, whereas reflection was associated with increases in PA across both studies. Additionally, reappraisal, distraction, and social sharing were related to increases in PA in Study 2. Discussion focuses on how the current findings fit with theoretical models of emotion regulation and with previous evidence from experimental and retrospective studies.

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  • Research on cognitive reappraisal in daily life suggests it may lead to greater positive affect and help buffer the impact of negative events, but effects are often variable depending on factors such as age, level of symptoms, and type of situation.

    “Research on cognitive reappraisal in daily life suggests it may lead to greater positive affect (Brans et al., 2013; Brockman et al., 2016) and help buffer the impact of negative events (Doorley & Kashdan, 2021); however, the effects of reappraisal are often variable depending on factors such as age (Brockman et al., 2016), level of symptoms (Farmer & Kashdan, 2012), and type of situation”

    From Effects of Cognitive Restructuring and Defusion for Coping with Difficult Thoughts in a Predominantly White Female College Student Sample (2022) · cites this paper as Brans et al., 2013

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Authors
Brans, K., Koval, P., Verduyn, P., Lim, Y. L., & Kuppens, P.
Affiliations
  • KU Leuven (BE)
  • Simon Fraser University (CA)
ORCID
Venue
Emotion
Publisher
American Psychological Association (APA)
Published
2013
Volume
13
Issue
5
Pages
926-939
ISSN
  • 1528-3542 (ISSN-L)
  • 1931-1516
DOI
10.1037/a0032400
OpenAlex
W2333342375
Cited by
567
References
70
Citations by year
2026: 35 · 2025: 57 · 2024: 66 · 2023: 51 · 2022: 71 · 2021: 55 · 2020: 59 · 2019: 48 · 2018: 42 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 14
FWCI
31.02
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Emotion (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion)
  • Research Bank (Australian Catholic University) (submittedVersion)
  • Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • University of Leuven (GOA/10/02, OT/11/031)
  • Fund for Scientific Research–Flanders
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Emotions and Moral Behavior
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords
emotion regulation, everyday life, positive affect, negative affect, cognitive reappraisal, rumination, expressive suppression, distraction, social sharing, reflection, ecological momentary assessment
MeSH terms
Adult, Affect, Awareness, Emotions, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Repression, Psychology, Retrospective Studies, Sampling Studies, Thinking, Self Report

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