Regulating Positive and Negative Emotions in Daily Life
Abstract
The present study examined how people regulate their emotions in daily life and how such regulation is related to their daily affective experience and psychological adjustment. Each day for an average of 3 weeks, participants described how they had regulated their emotions in terms of the reappraisal and suppression (inhibiting the expression) of positive and negative emotions, and they described their emotional experience, self-esteem, and psychological adjustment in terms of Beck's triadic model of depression. Reappraisal was used more often than suppression, and suppressing positive emotions was used less than the other three strategies. In general, regulation through reappraisal was found to be beneficial, whereas regulation by suppression was not. Reappraisal of positive emotions was associated with increases in positive affect, self-esteem, and psychological adjustment, whereas suppressing positive emotions was associated with decreased positive emotion, self-esteem, and psychological adjustment, and increased negative emotions. Moreover, relationships between reappraisal and psychological adjustment and self-esteem were mediated by experienced positive affect, whereas relationships between suppression of positive emotions and self-esteem adjustment were mediated by negative affect.
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Use of reappraisal strategies is linked to reduced depressive symptoms, whereas propensity to employ suppression shows opposite effects.
“there is evidence that the use of reappraisal strategies is linked to reduced depressive symptoms, whereas the propensity to employ suppression shows opposite effects (e.g., [41,42]).”
From Effects of differential strategies of emotion regulation (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
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- Authors
- Nezlek, J. B., & Kuppens, P.
- Affiliations
- William & Mary (US)
- KU Leuven (BE)
- Corresponding author
- Nezlek, John B.
- Venue
- Journal of Personality
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2008-04-08
- Volume
- 76
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 561-580
- ISSN
- 0022-3506 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-6494
- OpenAlex
- W1991829817
- Cited by
- 441
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 54 · 2021: 42 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 12.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Personality (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Emotions and Moral Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- emotion regulation, cognitive reappraisal, emotional suppression, positive emotions, negative emotions, positive affect, negative affect, self-esteem, psychological adjustment, mediation
- MeSH terms
- Activities of Daily Living, Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Affect, Female, Humans, Individuality, Internal-External Control, Interpersonal Relations, Life Style, Male, Repression, Psychology, Self Concept, Students, Internet
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