Internet-based guided self-help for several anxiety disorders: A randomized controlled trial comparing a tailored with a standardized disorder-specific approach.

Berger, Thomas; Boettcher, Johanna; Caspar, Franz

doi:10.1037/a0032527

Cited by 158Digital Mental Health InterventionsAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesMental Health Treatment and Access

Internet-based guided self-help for several anxiety disorders: A randomized controlled trial comparing a tailored with a standardized disorder-specific approach.

Berger, Thomas, Boettcher, Johanna, Caspar, Franz·2014·Psychotherapy

DOI 10.1037/a0032527

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Abstract

Internet-delivered self-help with minimal therapist guidance has shown promising results for a number of diagnoses. Most of the evidence comes from studies evaluating standardized disorder-specific treatments. A recent development in the field includes transdiagnostic and tailored Internet-based treatments that address comorbid symptoms and a broader range of patients. This study evaluated an Internet-based tailored guided self-help treatment, which targeted symptoms of social anxiety disorder, panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, and generalized anxiety disorder. The tailored treatment was compared both with standardized disorder-specific Internet-based treatment and with a wait-list control group. Both active treatment conditions were based on cognitive-behavioral therapy and lasted for 8 weeks. A total of 132 individuals meeting diagnostic criteria for at least one of the anxiety disorders were randomly assigned to 1 of the 3 conditions. Both treatment groups showed significant symptom reductions as compared with the wait-list control group on primary disorder-unspecific measures of anxiety, depression, and general symptomatology and on secondary anxiety disorder-specific measures. Based on the intention-to-treat sample, mean between-group effect sizes were d = 0.80 for the tailored treatment and d = 0.82 for the standardized treatment, versus wait-list controls. Treatment gains were maintained at 6-month follow-up. No differences were found between the 2 active treatment conditions on any of the measures, including a telephone-administered diagnostic interview conducted at posttreatment. The findings suggest that both Internet-based tailored guided self-help treatments and Internet-based standardized treatments are promising treatment options for several anxiety disorders.

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Some studies created DTA instruments by editing WAI or ARM.
“Most quantitative studies have used the traditional in-person TA scales, such as the WAI (32) and Agnew Relationship Measure (14), to analyze the TA in the digital context, while some studies created DTA instruments by editing WAI or ARM (33–37).”
From Digital Therapeutic Alliance With Fully Automated Mental Health Smartphone Apps: A Narrative Review (2022) · cites this paper as [33]
The findings are in line with theories suggesting that in internet interventions, agreement of tasks and goals with the intervention might be more relevant than the bond with trained supporters.
“These findings are in line with theories suggesting that in internet interventions, the agreement of tasks and goals with the intervention might be more relevant than the bond with trained supporters [9,27].”
From The association of therapeutic alliance with long-term outcome in a guided internet intervention for depression: secondary analysis from a randomized control trial (2020) · cites this paper as [27]
The WAI-I is an instrument derived from the Working Alliance Inventory-Short revised and specifically adapted to guided internet interventions.
“The WAI-I is an instrument derived from the Working Alliance Inventory-Short revised [39], and it was specifically adapted to guided internet interventions [27,29].”
From The association of therapeutic alliance with long-term outcome in a guided internet intervention for depression: secondary analysis from a randomized control trial (2020) · cites this paper as [27]
In a study comparing tailored and standardized disorder-specific internet interventions, participants who received the tailored condition rated the agreement of the tasks and goals with the program substantially and significantly higher than those who received the standardized condition.
“Indeed, in a study comparing tailored and standardized disorder-specific internet interventions, participants who received the tailored condition rated the agreement of the tasks and goals with the program substantially and significantly higher (P<.001) as compared with those who received the standardized condition [27].”
From The association of therapeutic alliance with long-term outcome in a guided internet intervention for depression: secondary analysis from a randomized control trial (2020) · cites this paper as [27]

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Authors: Berger, T., Boettcher, J., & Caspar, F.
Affiliations: University of Bern (CH)
Freie Universität Berlin (DE)
ORCID: Berger, Thomas
Boettcher, Johanna
Caspar, Franz
Venue: Psychotherapy
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2014
Volume: 51
Issue: 2
Pages: 207-219
ISSN: 0033-3204 (ISSN-L)
1939-1536
DOI: 10.1037/a0032527
OpenAlex: W1965455742
Cited by: 158
References: 70
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 2
FWCI: 17.32
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Psychotherapy (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
BORIS (University Library Bern) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Swiss National Science Foundation (PZ00P1_131860)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Keywords: tailored treatment, transdiagnostic treatment, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder with agoraphobia, generalized anxiety disorder, cognitive behavioral therapy, anxiety disorders, maintenance therapy, depression
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Anxiety Disorders, Austria, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Germany, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Quality of Life, Self Care, Therapy, Computer-Assisted, Waiting Lists, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome, Internet, Young Adult

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Internet-based guided self-help for several anxiety disorders: A randomized controlled trial comparing a tailored with a standardized disorder-specific approach.

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