Cited by 223Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalitiesGenetics and Neurodevelopmental DisordersAutism Spectrum Disorder Research

The 16p11.2 locus modulates brain structures common to autism, schizophrenia and obesity

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16p11.2 European Consortium, Maillard, A M, Ruef, A, Pizzagalli, F, Migliavacca, E, Hippolyte, L, Adaszewski, S, Dukart, J +13 more·2015·Molecular Psychiatry

Abstract

Anatomical structures and mechanisms linking genes to neuropsychiatric disorders are not deciphered. Reciprocal copy number variants at the 16p11.2 BP4-BP5 locus offer a unique opportunity to study the intermediate phenotypes in carriers at high risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or schizophrenia (SZ). We investigated the variation in brain anatomy in 16p11.2 deletion and duplication carriers. Beyond gene dosage effects on global brain metrics, we show that the number of genomic copies negatively correlated to the gray matter volume and white matter tissue properties in cortico-subcortical regions implicated in reward, language and social cognition. Despite the near absence of ASD or SZ diagnoses in our 16p11.2 cohort, the pattern of brain anatomy changes in carriers spatially overlaps with the well-established structural abnormalities in ASD and SZ. Using measures of peripheral mRNA levels, we confirm our genomic copy number findings. This combined molecular, neuroimaging and clinical approach, applied to larger datasets, will help interpret the relative contributions of genes to neuropsychiatric conditions by measuring their effect on local brain anatomy.

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Crossref · 10.1038/mp.2014.145

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  • Deletions and duplications of 16p11.2 have highly pleiotropic phenotypic effects, with strong links to ASD, ID, motor/developmental delay, dysmorphic features, and epilepsy/seizures.

    “Deletions and duplications of 16p11.2 have highly pleiotropic phenotypic effects, with strong links to ASD [8–19], ID [8, 10, 12, 14–16, 19–21], motor/developmental delay [8–10, 12, 13, 15–19, 22], dysmorphic features [8, 12, 16, 17, 22], and epilepsy/seizures [10, 12, 17].”
  • Bipolar disorder is reported in 16p11.2 duplication carriers.

    “Bipolar disorder is also reported in 16p11.2 duplication carriers [9, 14, 24].”
  • 16p11.2 duplications have reduced cortical thickness, reduced hippocampal volume, and enlarged ventricles.

    “16p11.2 duplications also have the reduced cortical thickness [14, 23], reduced hippocampal volume [49] and enlarged ventricles [50, 53, 55].”
  • 16p11.2 deletions and duplications are linked to depression and anxiety.

    “16p11.2 deletions and duplications are linked to several other psychiatric conditions, including depression [14, 47] and anxiety [12, 14, 18, 19, 23, 34].”
  • MRI studies show reciprocal brain volume changes, with increased gray/white matter in 16p11.2 deletions and decreased gray/white matter in 16p11.2 duplications.

    “MRI studies show reciprocal brain volume changes, with increased gray/white matter in 16p11.2 deletions, and decreased gray/white matter in 16p11.2 duplications [14, 23, 49, 50].”

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Authors
16p11.2 European Consortium, Maillard, A. M., Ruef, A., Pizzagalli, F., Migliavacca, E., Hippolyte, L., Adaszewski, S., Dukart, J., Ferrari, C., Conus, P., Männik, K., Zazhytska, M., Siffredi, V, Maeder, P., Kutalik, Z., Kherif, F., Hadjikhani, N., Beckmann, J. S., Reymond, A., Draganski, B., & Jacquemont, S.
Affiliations
  • Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CH)
  • SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (CH)
  • University of Lausanne (CH)
  • Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging (US)
Corresponding author
  • Draganski, B
  • Jacquemont, S
Venue
Molecular Psychiatry
Published
2014-11-25
Volume
20
Issue
1
Pages
140-147
ISSN
  • 1359-4184 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-5578
OpenAlex
W2109214922
Cited by
217
References
62
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 56 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 19
FWCI
12.45
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Molecular Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • SERVAL (Université de Lausanne) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • IRIS (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Institutional Research Information System University of Turin (University of Turin) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
  • Max Planck Digital Library (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
  • Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • SERVAL (Université de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation (FP7/2007-2013)
  • Simons Foundation (SFARI274424)
  • Novartis Foundation
  • Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative (SFARI274424)
  • European Commission (604102, 2007–2013, FP7 2007-2013, FP7/2007)
  • Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (FP7/2007–2013)
  • École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
  • Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (FP7/2007-2013, 33CM30_140332/1, SPUM 33CM30_140332/1, 133044, 144902, 135679, 320030)
  • Novartis Stiftung für Medizinisch-Biologische Forschung
  • Fondation Leenaards
  • Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève
  • Université de Genève
  • Université de Lausanne
  • Centre d'Imagerie BioMédicale
  • Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
Keywords
copy number variation, autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, obesity, brain gray matter volume, gene dosage effect, endophenotypes, neuropsychiatric disorders
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Anthropometry, Autistic Disorder, Brain, Brain Mapping, Child, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Phenotype, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Schizophrenia, Body Mass Index, Gene Dosage, Intramolecular Transferases, Arabidopsis Proteins, Young Adult, Genetic Association Studies, DNA Copy Number Variations

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