Architecture for a large-scale ion-trap quantum computer
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Among the numerous types of architecture being explored for quantum computers are systems utilizing ion traps, in which quantum bits (qubits) are formed from the electronic states of trapped ions and coupled through the Coulomb interaction. Although the elementary requirements for quantum computation have been demonstrated in this system, there exist theoretical and technical obstacles to scaling up the approach to large numbers of qubits. Therefore, recent efforts have been concentrated on using quantum communication to link a number of small ion-trap quantum systems. Developing the array-based approach, we show how to achieve massively parallel gate operation in a large-scale quantum computer, based on techniques already demonstrated for manipulating small quantum registers. The use of decoherence-free subspaces significantly reduces decoherence during ion transport, and removes the requirement of clock synchronization between the interaction regions.
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One primary path to scaling trapped-ion quantum computers is the quantum charge-coupled device (QCCD) architecture, which involves arrays of trapping zones between which ions are shuttled during algorithms.
“One of the primary paths to scaling is the quantum charge-coupled device (QCCD) architecture, which involves arrays of trapping zones between which ions are shuttled during algorithms13–16.”
From Penning micro-trap for quantum computing (2024) · cites this paper as [14]
Quantinuum Helios is a 98-qubit trapped-ion quantum processor based on the QCCD architecture.
“We report on Quantinuum Helios, a 98-qubit trapped-ion quantum processor based on the quantum charge-coupled device (QCCD) architecture7.”
From A 98-qubit trapped-ion quantum computer with all-to-all connectivity (2026) · cites this paper as [7]
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Stute, A., Casabone, B., Brandstätter, B., Habicher, D., Barros, H. G., Schmidt, P. O., Northup, T. E., & Blatt, R. (2012) · Applied Physics B · doi:10.1007/s00340-011-4861-0 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Penning micro-trap for quantum computing
Jain, S., Sägesser, T., Hrmo, P., Torkzaban, C., Stadler, M., Oswald, R., Axline, C., Bautista-Salvador, A., Ospelkaus, C., Kienzler, D., et al. (2024) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-024-07111-x · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“An important component of the QCCD architecture 14 is ion transport.”
Fault-Tolerant One-Bit Addition with the Smallest Interesting Colour Code
Wang, Y., Simsek, S., Gatterman, T. M., Gerber, J. A., Gilmore, K., Gresh, D., Hewitt, N., Horst, C. V., Matheny, M., Mengle, T., et al. (2023) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2309.09893 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Transport of Multispecies Ion Crystals through a Junction in a Radio-Frequency Paul Trap
Burton, W. C., Estey, B., Hoffman, I. M., Perry, A. R., Volin, C., & Price, G. (2023) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.130.173202 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Scalable arrays of micro-penning traps for quantum computing and simulation
Jain, S., Alonso, J., Grau, M., & Home, J. P. (2020) · Physical Review X · doi:10.1103/physrevx.10.031027 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Estimation of gradients in quantum metrology
Altenburg, S., Oszmaniec, M., Wölk, S., & Gühne, O. (2017) · Physical Review A · doi:10.1103/physreva.96.042319 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Observation of superconductivity and surface noise using a single trapped ion as a field probe
Lakhmanskiy, K., Holz, P. C., Schärtl, D., Ames, B., Assouly, R., Monz, T., Colombe, Y., & Blatt, R. (2019) · Physical Review A · doi:10.1103/physreva.99.023405 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Individual qubit addressing of rotating ion crystals in a Penning trap
Polloreno, A. M., Rey, A. M., & Bollinger, J. J. (2022) · Physical Review Research · doi:10.1103/physrevresearch.4.033076 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Optimization and implementation of a surface-electrode ion trap junction
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High-fidelity transport of trapped-ion qubits in a multilayer array
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A 98-qubit trapped-ion quantum computer with all-to-all connectivity
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“We report on Quantinuum Helios, a 98-qubit trapped-ion quantum processor based on the quantum charge-coupled device (QCCD) architecture 7 .”
Classical-quantum interfaces in living neural tissue supporting conscious functions
(2020) · Advances in Quantum Chemistry · doi:10.1016/bs.aiq.2020.08.002 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
A #QuantumComputerArchitecture Tweetstorm
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- Authors
- Kielpinski, D., Monroe, C., & Wineland, D. J.
- Affiliations
- MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms (US)
- University of Michigan (US)
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kielpinski, D.
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2002-06
- Volume
- 417
- Issue
- 6890
- Pages
- 709-711
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2074117827
- Cited by
- 1,589
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 56 · 2025: 103 · 2024: 108 · 2023: 96 · 2022: 93 · 2021: 80 · 2020: 81 · 2019: 78 · 2018: 43 · 2017: 54 · 2016: 60 · 2015: 51 · 2014: 59 · 2013: 55 · 2012: 59
- FWCI
- 51.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Deep Blue (University of Michigan) (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Griffith Research Online (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- National Security Agency
- Agricultural Research Development Agency
- National Institute of Standards and Technology
- Office of Naval Research
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Quantum Information and Cryptography
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum Mechanics and Applications
- Keywords
- ion trap quantum computer, quantum computing architecture, qubit scalability, quantum communication, decoherence-free subspace, ion transport, clock synchronization, electrostatic interactions
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