Cited by 1,269Cancer Cells and MetastasisRedox biology and oxidative stressCancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism

Oxidative stress inhibits distant metastasis by human melanoma cells

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Piskounova, Elena, Agathocleous, Michalis, Murphy, Malea M., Hu, Zeping, Huddlestun, Sara E., Zhao, Zhiyu, Leitch, A. Marilyn, Johnson, Timothy M. +2 more·2015·Nature

Abstract

Solid cancer cells commonly enter the blood and disseminate systemically, but are highly inefficient at forming distant metastases for poorly understood reasons. Here we studied human melanomas that differed in their metastasis histories in patients and in their capacity to metastasize in NOD-SCID-Il2rg(-/-) (NSG) mice. We show that melanomas had high frequencies of cells that formed subcutaneous tumours, but much lower percentages of cells that formed tumours after intravenous or intrasplenic transplantation, particularly among inefficiently metastasizing melanomas. Melanoma cells in the blood and visceral organs experienced oxidative stress not observed in established subcutaneous tumours. Successfully metastasizing melanomas underwent reversible metabolic changes during metastasis that increased their capacity to withstand oxidative stress, including increased dependence on NADPH-generating enzymes in the folate pathway. Antioxidants promoted distant metastasis in NSG mice. Folate pathway inhibition using low-dose methotrexate, ALDH1L2 knockdown, or MTHFD1 knockdown inhibited distant metastasis without significantly affecting the growth of subcutaneous tumours in the same mice. Oxidative stress thus limits distant metastasis by melanoma cells in vivo.

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  • Emerging work suggests that increased serine synthesis may be particularly important for maintaining redox homeostasis during metastasis.

    “Emerging work suggests that increased serine synthesis may be particularly important for maintaining redox homeostasis during metastasis (Piskounova et al., 2015).”

    From Targeting Metabolism for Cancer Therapy (2017) · cites this paper as Piskounova et al., 2015

  • Antioxidants including N-acetyl l-cysteine (NAC) and vitamin E markedly increased tumor progression and cancer metastasis.

    “However, in reality, previous studies have demonstrated that antioxidants, including N‐acetyl l‐cysteine (NAC) and vitamin E, markedly increased tumor progression and cancer metastasis.10, 11”
  • Human and animal studies have not clearly shown that antioxidants prevent or suppress cancer.

    “recent results from both human and animal studies have found no clear evidence of the benefit of antioxidant treatment in preventing or suppressing cancer development.”

    From Targeting cancer vulnerabilities with high-dose vitamin C (2019) · cites this paper as [16]

  • In mouse models of lung adenocarcinoma and melanoma, antioxidants seemed to speed cancer progression and metastasis.

    “antioxidant treatment even appeared to accelerate cancer progression and metastasis in mouse models of lung adenocarcinoma and melanoma14–16”

    From Targeting cancer vulnerabilities with high-dose vitamin C (2019) · cites this paper as [16]

  • Antioxidant supplementation of the diet accelerates tumor progression in immunodeficient mice with implanted patients' lung cancer or malignant melanoma cells.

    “Antioxidant supplementation of the diet has been found to accelerate tumor progression in immunodeficient mice with implanted patients’ lung cancer or malignant melanoma cells (Piskounova et al. 2015).”

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Authors
Piskounova, E., Agathocleous, M., Murphy, M. M., Hu, Z., Huddlestun, S. E., Zhao, Z., Leitch, A. M., Johnson, T. M., DeBerardinis, R. J., & Morrison, S. J.
Affiliations
  • The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
  • University of Michigan (US)
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
Corresponding author
Morrison, Sean J.
Venue
Nature
Published
2015-10-14
Volume
527
Issue
7577
Pages
186-191
ISSN
  • 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-4687
OpenAlex
W2098131661
Cited by
1,269
References
51
Citations by year
2026: 82 · 2025: 107 · 2024: 108 · 2023: 109 · 2022: 155 · 2021: 141 · 2020: 151 · 2019: 113 · 2018: 96 · 2017: 107 · 2016: 93 · 2015: 5
FWCI
43.51
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute
  • National Cancer Institute (K99CA201228, P30CA142543)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Cells and Metastasis
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
Keywords
melanoma, distant metastasis, oxidative stress, folate pathway, NADPH metabolism, MTHFD1, ALDH1L2, methotrexate, antioxidants, cancer metabolism, NSG mice
MeSH terms
Formyltetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase, Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors, Animals, Antioxidants, Female, Folic Acid, Humans, Male, Melanoma, Methotrexate, Methylenetetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase (NADP), NADP, Neoplasm Metastasis, Neoplasm Transplantation, Minor Histocompatibility Antigens, Mice, SCID, Mice, Inbred NOD, Oxidative Stress, Mice, Gene Knockdown Techniques

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