Cited by 78Treatment of Major DepressionStress Responses and CortisolTryptophan and brain disorders

Effects of Inhibitor of κB Kinase Activity in the Nucleus Accumbens on Emotional Behavior

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Christoffel, Daniel J, Golden, Sam A, Heshmati, Mitra, Graham, Ami, Birnbaum, Shari, Neve, Rachael L, Hodes, Georgia E, Russo, Scott J·2012·Neuropsychopharmacology

Abstract

Inhibitor of κB kinase (IκK) has historically been studied in the context of immune response and inflammation, but recent evidence demonstrates that IκK activity is necessary and sufficient for regulation of neuronal function. Chronic social defeat stress of mice increases IκK activity in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and this increase is strongly correlated to depression-like behaviors. Inhibition of IκK signaling results in a reversal of chronic social defeat stress-induced social avoidance behavior. Here, we more completely define the role of IκK in anxiety and depressive-like behaviors. Mice underwent stereotaxic microinjection of a herpes simplex virus expressing either green fluorescent protein, a constitutively active form of IκK (IκKca), or a dominant negative form of IκK into the NAc. Of all three experimental groups, only mice expressing IκKca show a behavioral phenotype. Expression of IκKca results in a decrease in the time spent in the non-periphery zones of an open field arena and increased time spent immobile during a forced swim test. No baseline differences in sucrose preference were observed, but following the acute swim stress we noted a marked reduction in sucrose preference. To determine whether IκK activity alters responses to other acute stressors, we examined behavior and spine morphology in mice undergoing an acute social defeat stress. We found that IκKca enhanced social avoidance behavior and promoted thin spine formation. These data show that IκK in NAc is a critical regulator of both depressive- and anxiety-like states and may do so by promoting the formation of immature excitatory synapses.

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  • Social defeat stress induces downstream inflammatory signaling pathways, such as NFkB, and increases monocyte trafficking throughout a number of CNS structures known to control depression and anxiety behavior.

    “Our results are interesting in light of recent studies showing that social defeat stress induces downstream inflammatory signaling pathways, such as NFkB (26, 35 -37), and increases monocyte trafficking (29) throughout a number of CNS structures known to control depression and anxiety behavior.”
  • Pro-susceptibility Dnmt3a overexpression or constitutively active IKK both increase MSN spine density.

    “Pro-susceptibility Dnmt3a overexpression [143] or constitutively active IκB kinase (IKK) [156, 157] both increase MSN spine density.”
  • In the absence of stress, constitutively active IKK increases thin spine density, increases forced-swim immobility, and decreases sucrose preference after acute stress.

    “In the absence of stress, constitutively active IKK increases thin spine density, increases forced-swim immobility, and decreases sucrose preference after acute stress [156, 157].”
  • CSDS increases IKK and NF-κB, along with the number of immature dendritic spines in the NAc of susceptible mice.

    “CSDS increases IKK and NF-κB, along with the number of immature dendritic spines in the NAc of susceptible mice [156, 157].”

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Authors
Christoffel, D. J., Golden, S. A., Heshmati, M., Graham, A., Birnbaum, S., Neve, R. L., Hodes, G. E., & Russo, S. J.
Affiliations
  • Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
  • The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
Corresponding author
Russo, Scott J
Venue
Neuropsychopharmacology
Published
2012-07-11
Volume
37
Issue
12
Pages
2615-2623
ISSN
  • 0893-133X (ISSN-L)
  • 1740-634X
OpenAlex
W2039099576
Cited by
78
References
54
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 1
FWCI
3.52
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH090264, P50MH096890, T32MH087004)
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (P01DA008227)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
Keywords
nucleus accumbens, chronic social defeat stress, depression-like behavior, anxiety-like behavior, social avoidance, dendritic spine morphology, excitatory synapses, sucrose preference, forced swim test, acute stress, neuroinflammation
MeSH terms
Animals, Anxiety, Behavior, Animal, Consummatory Behavior, Depression, Emotions, Enzyme Inhibitors, Genetic Vectors, Interpersonal Relations, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Motor Activity, Nucleus Accumbens, Social Behavior, Stereotaxic Techniques, Synapses, Gene Transfer Techniques, Simplexvirus, Dendritic Spines, Mice, I-kappa B Kinase, Anhedonia

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