Cited by 734DNA Repair MechanismsEffects of Radiation ExposureDNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry

The MRE11 complex: starting from the ends

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Stracker, Travis H., Petrini, John H. J.·2011·Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology

Abstract

The maintenance of genome stability depends on the DNA damage response (DDR), which is a functional network comprising signal transduction, cell cycle regulation and DNA repair. The metabolism of DNA double-strand breaks governed by the DDR is important for preventing genomic alterations and sporadic cancers, and hereditary defects in this response cause debilitating human pathologies, including developmental defects and cancer. The MRE11 complex, composed of the meiotic recombination 11 (MRE11), RAD50 and Nijmegen breakage syndrome 1 (NBS1; also known as nibrin) proteins is central to the DDR, and recent insights into its structure and function have been gained from in vitro structural analysis and studies of animal models in which the DDR response is deficient.

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  • The MRN complex senses and processes double-strand DNA breaks and activates downstream DNA damage response proteins such as ATM.

    “The MRN complex is important in sensing and processing double-strand DNA breaks, as well as activating downstream DNA damage response proteins that mediate or signal for DNA repair, such as the DNA damage-induced kinase ATM.9–13”
  • Patients with congenital mutations in DNA repair proteins such as NBS1 and ATM have increased chromosomal fragility and increased incidence of tumor formation.

    “This is evident in patients with congenital mutations in DNA repair proteins, such as NBS1 and ATM. Cells from these patients have increased chromosomal fragility, and the patients themselves have an increased incidence of tumor formation.10,16,17”
  • Altered DNA repair is a significant contributing factor to genomic instability.

    “altered DNA repair has been implicated as a significant contributing factor.10”
  • Genome instability can precede tumor formation, characterizes malignant cells, and is associated with defective DNA damage responses.

    “Genome instability can be a precursor to tumor formation, is a hallmark of malignant cells, and is connected with impairments in the DNA damage response.10,15”

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Authors
Stracker, T. H., & Petrini, J. H. J.
Affiliations
  • Institute for Research in Biomedicine (ES)
  • Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (US)
Corresponding author
  • Stracker, Travis H.
  • Petrini, John H. J.
Venue
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology
Published
2011-01-21
Volume
12
Issue
2
Pages
90-103
ISSN
  • 1471-0072 (ISSN-L)
  • 1471-0080
OpenAlex
W1971419576
Cited by
734
References
173
Citations by year
2026: 26 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 52 · 2019: 51 · 2018: 49 · 2017: 39 · 2016: 58 · 2015: 67 · 2014: 76 · 2013: 83 · 2012: 41
FWCI
6.53
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • Geoffrey Beene Foundation
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Cancer Institute (R13CA162528, P30CA008748)
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R37GM059413, R01GM059413, R01GM056888)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Effects of Radiation Exposure
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
Keywords
Mre11 complex, DNA double-strand break repair, DNA damage response, genome stability, MRE11, RAD50, NBS1, meiotic recombination, protein complex structure, DNA repair, cancer susceptibility
MeSH terms
Animals, DNA Repair, DNA-Binding Proteins, Humans, Pyrococcus furiosus, DNA Repair Enzymes, DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded

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