The DOI matches its Crossref record; 271 of the 272 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Regulation of microRNA biogenesis
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that function as guide molecules in RNA silencing. Targeting most protein-coding transcripts, miRNAs are involved in nearly all developmental and pathological processes in animals. The biogenesis of miRNAs is under tight temporal and spatial control, and their dysregulation is associated with many human diseases, particularly cancer. In animals, miRNAs are ∼22 nucleotides in length, and they are produced by two RNase III proteins--Drosha and Dicer. miRNA biogenesis is regulated at multiple levels, including at the level of miRNA transcription; its processing by Drosha and Dicer in the nucleus and cytoplasm, respectively; its modification by RNA editing, RNA methylation, uridylation and adenylation; Argonaute loading; and RNA decay. Non-canonical pathways for miRNA biogenesis, including those that are independent of Drosha or Dicer, are also emerging.
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In the citing paper
“miRNAs direct translational repression by partial binding to the 3Ј UTR of mRNAs after first being incorporated into an RNA-induced silencing complex containing Argonaute-2 (Ago2) (Gregory et al., 2005;Chekulaeva and Filipowicz, 2009;Ha and Kim, 2014).”
From MicroRNA Profiling Reveals Marker of Motor Neuron Disease in ALS Models (2017) · cites this paper as Ha and Kim, 2014
In the citing paper
“Mammalian cells express several classes of small ncRNA, including microRNA (miRNA) (11), small interfering RNAs (siRNA), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNA) (12), small nuclear RNA (snRNA) (13), PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) (14), and tRNA-derived small RNAs (tRFs) (15)”
From A mouse tissue atlas of small noncoding RNA (2020) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs, approximately 22 nucleotides in length, that typically interact with the 3’UTR of their target mRNAs, although interaction with the 5’UTR and coding regions of targets has also been reported45.”
From Pathways and Molecular Mechanisms Governing LDL Receptor Regulation (2025) · cites this paper as [45]
In the citing paper
“miRNA biogenesis starts with the processing of RNA polymerase II/III transcripts post- or co-transcriptionally (14).”
From Overview of MicroRNA Biogenesis, Mechanisms of Actions, and Circulation (2018) · cites this paper as [14]
In the citing paper
“In most cases, miRNAs interact with the 3′ untranslated region (3′ UTR) of target mRNAs to induce mRNA degradation and translational repression.”
From Overview of MicroRNA Biogenesis, Mechanisms of Actions, and Circulation (2018) · cites this paper as [14]
Citations
Cites
3 retracted
Fukuda, T., Yamagata, K., Fujiyama, S., Μatsumoto, T., Koshida, I., Yoshimura, K., Mihara, M., Naitou, M., Endoh, H., Nakamura, T., et al. (2007) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb1577 · Cited by 452
RetractedA TARBP2 mutation in human cancer impairs microRNA processing and DICER1 function
Melo, S. A., Ropero, S., Moutinho, C., Aaltonen, L. A., Yamamoto, H., Calin, G. A., Rossi, S., Fernández, A. F., Carneiro, F., Oliveíra, C., et al. (2009) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.317 · Cited by 375
RetractedRetracted: Post‐transcriptional regulation of the let‐7 microRNA during neural cell specification
Wulczyn, F. G., Smirnova, L., Rybak‐Wolf, A., Brandt, C., Kwidzinski, E., Ninnemann, O., Strehle, M., Seiler, A. E. M., Schumacher, S., & Nitsch, R. (2006) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.06-6130com · Cited by 328
RetractedMicroRNAs: Target Recognition and Regulatory Functions
Bartel, D. P. (2009) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.01.002 · Cited by 20,068
Most mammalian mRNAs are conserved targets of microRNAs
Friedman, R. C., Farh, K. K.-H., Burge, C. B., & Bartel, D. P. (2009) · Genome Research · doi:10.1101/gr.082701.108 · Cited by 8,462
The nuclear RNase III Drosha initiates microRNA processing
Lee, Y., Ahn, C., Han, J., Choi, H., Kim, J., Yim, J., Lee, J., Provost, P., Rådmark, O., Kim, S., et al. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01957 · Cited by 5,299
Self-citationmiRBase: annotating high confidence microRNAs using deep sequencing data
Kozomara, A., & Griffiths-Jones, S. (2014) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkt1181 · Cited by 5,073
Role for a bidentate ribonuclease in the initiation step of RNA interference
Bernstein, E., Caudy, A. A., Hammond, S. M., & Hannon, G. J. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35053110 · Cited by 5,018
The widespread regulation of microRNA biogenesis, function and decay
Krol, J., Loedige, I., & Filipowicz, W. (2010) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg2843 · Cited by 4,672
MicroRNA genes are transcribed by RNA polymerase II
Lee, Y., Kim, M., Han, J., Yeom, K.-H., Lee, S., Baek, S. H., & Kim, V. N. (2004) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600385 · Cited by 4,556
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 272 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
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Items 1,001–1,021 of 1,021
Impaired AGO2/miR-185-3p/NRP1 axis promotes colorectal cancer metastasis
Liu, X., Meng, X., Peng, X., Yao, Q., Zhu, F., Ding, Z., Sun, H., Liu, X., Li, D., Lu, Y., et al. (2021) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/s41419-021-03672-1 · Cited by 52
RNA Methylation in ncRNA: Classes, Detection, and Molecular Associations
Romano, G., Veneziano, D., Nigita, G., & Nana-Sinkam, S. P. (2018) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2018.00243 · Cited by 49
MicroRNAs in Extracellular Vesicles of Alzheimer’s Disease
Li, W., & Zheng, Y. (2023) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells12101378 · Cited by 43
Muolokwu, C. E., Chaulagain, B., Gothwal, A., Mahanta, A. K., Tagoe, B., Lamsal, B., & Singh, J. (2024) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2024.1405423 · Cited by 42
Exosomes: a tool for bone tissue engineering
Huber, J., Griffin, M. F., Longaker, M. T., & Quarto, N. (2022) · Tissue Engineering Part B Reviews · doi:10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0246 · Cited by 41
Pomper, N., Liu, Y., Hoye, M. L., Dougherty, J. D., & Miller, T. M. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-61307-5 · Cited by 39
Target-dependent biogenesis of cognate microRNAs in human cells
Bose, M., & Bhattacharyya, S. N. (2016) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms12200 · Cited by 38
Engineering exosomes for bone defect repair
Ma, S., Zhang, Y., Li, S., Li, A., Li, Y., & Pei, D. (2022) · Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology · doi:10.3389/fbioe.2022.1091360 · Cited by 38
Pathways and Molecular Mechanisms Governing LDL Receptor Regulation
Schmidt, H. M., Jarrett, K. E., de Aguiar Vallim, T. Q., & Tarling, E. J. (2025) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.124.323578 · Cited by 33
Ismail, N. H., Mussa, A., Al-Khreisat, M. J., Mohamed Yusoff, S., Husin, A., Al-Jamal, H. A. N., Johan, M. F., & Islam, M. A. (2023) · Non-Coding RNA · doi:10.3390/ncrna9060068 · Cited by 29
Therapeutic Targets of KRAS in Colorectal Cancer
Rahman, S., Garrel, S., Gerber, M., Maitra, R., & Goel, S. (2021) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers13246233 · Cited by 28
MicroRNAs in brain cholesterol metabolism and their implications for Alzheimer's disease
Yoon, H., Flores, L. F., & Kim, J. (2016) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids · doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.04.020 · Cited by 23
“Although promoter of most miRNA genes is yet to be identified, miRNA gene residing within introns of protein-coding genes sometimes shares the promoter of the host gene [87].”
BackgroundWang, Y., Tu, M.-J., & Yu, A.-M. (2024) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2024.1423416 · Cited by 21
MicroRNA and Rare Human Diseases
Goel, H., & Goel, A. (2024) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes15101243 · Cited by 21
Old problem, new solutions: biomarker discovery for acetaminophen liver toxicity
Gloor, Y., Schvartz, D., & F.Samer, C. (2019) · Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology · doi:10.1080/17425255.2019.1642323 · Cited by 18
Wang, J., Zhang, X., Zhang, J., Chen, S., Zhu, J., & Wang, X. (2021) · Cancer Cell International · doi:10.1186/s12935-021-02353-5 · Cited by 18
Oscillatory Behaviors of microRNA Networks: Emerging Roles in Retinal Development
Fishman, E. S., Han, J. S., & La Torre, A. (2022) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2022.831750 · Cited by 16
Sun, X., Deng, Y., Ge, P., Peng, Q., Soufiany, I., Zhu, L., & Duan, R. (2023) · Journal of Inflammation Research · doi:10.2147/jir.s401385 · Cited by 13
Hu, F., Xu, P., Sun, B., & Xiao, Z. (2017) · Gene · doi:10.1016/j.gene.2017.05.014 · Cited by 9
ESRP2–microRNA-122 axis promotes the postnatal onset of liver polyploidization and maturation
Bangru, S., Chen, J., Baker, N., Das, D., Chembazhi, U. V., Derham, J. M., Chorghade, S., Arif, W., Alencastro, F., Duncan, A. W., et al. (2025) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.352129.124 · Cited by 4
Han, J. W., Yang, J. Y., Kim, Y., An, S., Yoo, E., Park, I. H., Lee, S.-W., Lee, H.-J., Lee, T. G., Jung, W. H., et al. (2026) · Molecular Therapy: Nucleic Acids · doi:10.1016/j.omtn.2026.103101 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Ha, M., & Kim, V. N.
- Affiliations
- Seoul National University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Kim, V. Narry
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology
- Published
- 2014-07-16
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 509-524
- ISSN
- 1471-0072 (ISSN-L)
- 1471-0080
- OpenAlex
- W2006247279
- Cited by
- 5,462
- References
- 272
- Citations by year
- 2026: 226 · 2025: 296 · 2024: 477 · 2023: 489 · 2022: 572 · 2021: 582 · 2020: 525 · 2019: 496 · 2018: 500 · 2017: 514 · 2016: 430 · 2015: 310 · 2014: 38
- FWCI
- 42.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Seoul National University Open Repository (Seoul National University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA regulation and disease
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Keywords
- microRNA biogenesis, Drosha, Dicer, RNA processing, RNA editing, RNA methylation, uridylation, adenylylation, RNA degradation, RNA silencing, cancer
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Nucleus, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Plants, RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional, RNA, Messenger, Transcription, Genetic, Active Transport, Cell Nucleus, RNA Interference, MicroRNAs
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