Serum bile acids are higher in humans with prior gastric bypass: potential contribution to improved glucose and lipid metabolism

Patti, Mary‐Elizabeth; Houten, Sander M.; Bianco, Antonio C.; Bernier, Raquel; Larsen, P. Reed; Holst, Jens J.; Badman, Michael K.; Maratos‐Flier, Eleftheria; Mun, Edward C.; Pihlajamaki, Jussi; Auwerx, Johan; Goldfine, Allison B.

doi:10.1038/oby.2009.102

Cited by 591Bariatric Surgery and OutcomesGut microbiota and healthGallbladder and Bile Duct Disorders

Serum bile acids are higher in humans with prior gastric bypass: potential contribution to improved glucose and lipid metabolism

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Patti, Mary‐Elizabeth, Houten, Sander M., Bianco, Antonio C., Bernier, Raquel, Larsen, P. Reed, Holst, Jens J., Badman, Michael K., Maratos‐Flier, Eleftheria +4 more·2009·Obesity

DOI 10.1038/oby.2009.102PMC PMC4683159

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Abstract

The multifactorial mechanisms promoting weight loss and improved metabolism following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (GB) surgery remain incompletely understood. Recent rodent studies suggest that bile acids can mediate energy homeostasis by activating the G-protein coupled receptor TGR5 and the type 2 thyroid hormone deiodinase. Altered gastrointestinal anatomy following GB could affect enterohepatic recirculation of bile acids. We assessed whether circulating bile acid concentrations differ in patients who previously underwent GB, which might then contribute to improved metabolic homeostasis. We performed cross-sectional analysis of fasting serum bile acid composition and both fasting and post-meal metabolic variables, in three subject groups: (i) post-GB surgery (n = 9), (ii) without GB matched to preoperative BMI of the index cohort (n = 5), and (iii) without GB matched to current BMI of the index cohort (n = 10). Total serum bile acid concentrations were higher in GB (8.90 +/- 4.84 micromol/l) than in both overweight (3.59 +/- 1.95, P = 0.005, Ov) and severely obese (3.86 +/- 1.51, P = 0.045, MOb). Bile acid subfractions taurochenodeoxycholic, taurodeoxycholic, glycocholic, glycochenodeoxycholic, and glycodeoxycholic acids were all significantly higher in GB compared to Ov (P < 0.05). Total bile acids were inversely correlated with 2-h post-meal glucose (r = -0.59, P < 0.003) and fasting triglycerides (r = -0.40, P = 0.05), and positively correlated with adiponectin (r = -0.48, P < 0.02) and peak glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) (r = 0.58, P < 0.003). Total bile acids strongly correlated inversely with thyrotropic hormone (TSH) (r = -0.57, P = 0.004). Together, our data suggest that altered bile acid levels and composition may contribute to improved glucose and lipid metabolism in patients who have had GB.

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Increased circulating bile acids have been linked to increased GLP-1 and reduced glucose and triglyceride levels.
“Increased circulating levels of primary and secondary bile acids have been observed after RYGB (Ahmad et al., 2013; Glicksman et al., 2010; Kohli et al., 2013; Patti et al., 2009) and have been linked to increased GLP-1 and reduced glucose and triglyceride levels (Nakatani et al., 2009; Patti et al., 2009; Pournaras et al., 2012; Simonen et al., 2012).”
From Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Vertical Banded Gastroplasty Induce Long-Term Changes on the Human Gut Microbiome Contributing to Fat Mass Regulation (2015) · cites this paper as Patti et al., 2009

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RESEARCH ARTICLE Effect of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery on Bile Acid Metabolism in Normal and Obese Diabetic Rats
Bhutta, H. Y., Rajpal, N., Freudenberg, J. M., Liu, Y., Rajpal, D. K., Cooper, D. C., Young, A., Tavakkoli, A., & Chen, L. (2016)

Authors: Patti, M., Houten, S. M., Bianco, A. C., Bernier, R., Larsen, P. R., Holst, J. J., Badman, M. K., Maratos‐Flier, E., Mun, E. C., Pihlajamaki, J., Auwerx, J., & Goldfine, A. B.
Affiliations: Joslin Diabetes Center (US)
Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam (NL)
University of Miami (US)
Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
University of Copenhagen (DK)
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
Corresponding author: Patti, Mary‐Elizabeth
ORCID: Patti, Mary‐Elizabeth
Houten, Sander M.
Bianco, Antonio C.
Holst, Jens J.
Mun, Edward C.
Auwerx, Johan
Goldfine, Allison B.
Venue: Obesity
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2009-09
Volume: 17
Issue: 9
Pages: 1671-1677
ISSN: 1930-7381 (ISSN-L)
1930-739X
DOI: 10.1038/oby.2009.102
PMC: PMC4683159
OpenAlex: W2143383690
Cited by: 591
References: 41
Citations by year: 2026: 13 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 44 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 46 · 2016: 44 · 2015: 63 · 2014: 45 · 2013: 38 · 2012: 39
FWCI: 28.99
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 1101 d)
Locations: Obesity (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion, other-oa)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
HAL (submittedVersion)
Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
Funders: American Diabetes Association
Joslin Diabetes Center
Sundhed og Sygdom, Det Frie Forskningsråd
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale
Novo Nordisk
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Novo Nordisk Fonden
National Institutes of Health (DK 36836)
Medical Research Council
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K23 DK 02795, K23DK002795, DK36836, DK 65055, DK-062948, DK-067320, R01DK065055, R01DK067320, R01DK060837, DK060837, R01DK062948, P30DK036836)
National Center for Research Resources (M01RR001032)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Gallbladder and Bile Duct Disorders
Keywords: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, serum bile acids, bile acid composition, glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, enterohepatic circulation, TGR5, type 2 deiodinase, adiponectin, glucagon-like peptide-1, thyroid-stimulating hormone, bariatric surgery
MeSH terms: Adult, Bile Acids and Salts, Blood Glucose, Cross-Sectional Studies, Fasting, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Severity of Illness Index, Thyrotropin, Triglycerides, Gastric Bypass, Biomarkers, Up-Regulation, Body Mass Index, Case-Control Studies, Treatment Outcome, Postprandial Period, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, Adiponectin

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Serum bile acids are higher in humans with prior gastric bypass: potential contribution to improved glucose and lipid metabolism

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