Mechanisms Regulating Intestinal Barrier Integrity and Its Pathological Implications
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The gastrointestinal tract is a specialized organ in which dynamic interactions between host cells and the complex environment occur in addition to food digestion. Together with the chemical barrier of the mucosal layer and the cellular immune system, the epithelial cell layer performs a pivotal role as the first physical barrier against external factors and maintains a symbiotic relationship with commensal bacteria. The tight junction proteins, including occludin, claudins, and zonula occludens, are crucial for the maintenance of epithelial barrier integrity. To allow the transport of essential molecules and restrict harmful substances, the intracellular signaling transduction system and a number of extracellular stimuli such as cytokines, small GTPases, and post-translational modifications dynamically modulate the tight junction protein complexes. An imbalance in these regulations leads to compromised barrier integrity and is linked with pathological conditions. Despite the obscurity of the causal relationship, the loss of barrier integrity is considered to contribute to inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, and metabolic disorders. The elucidation of the role of diseases in barrier integrity and the underlying regulatory mechanisms have improved our understanding of the intestinal barrier to allow the development of novel and potent therapeutic approaches.
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Tight junction proteins ZO-1 and occludin contribute significantly to maintenance of the intestinal barrier.
“Tight junction proteins, such as ZO-1 and occludin, contribute significantly to the maintenance of the intestinal barrier, which aids in protecting immune cells underneath the intestinal mucosa from invading infections [54,63,64].”
From Neuroprotective Effects of Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1067 in MPTP-Induced Mouse Models of Parkinson’s Disease (2022) · cites this paper as [64]
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- Authors
- Chelakkot, C., Ghim, J., & Ryu, S. H.
- Affiliations
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (KR)
- NovaCell Technology (South Korea) (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Ryu, Sung Ho
- Venue
- Experimental & Molecular Medicine
- Published
- 2018-08
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1-9
- ISSN
- 1226-3613 (ISSN-L)
- 2092-6413
- PMC
- PMC6095905
- OpenAlex
- W2885093728
- Cited by
- 2,017
- References
- 121
- Citations by year
- 2026: 335 · 2025: 400 · 2024: 405 · 2023: 252 · 2022: 249 · 2021: 214 · 2020: 116 · 2019: 44 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 8.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Experimental & Molecular Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Open Access System for Information Sharing (Pohang University of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Samsung (SRFC-MA1502-14)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Immunology and Allergy › Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Keywords
- intestinal barrier integrity, tight junction proteins, occludin, claudins, zonula occludens, epithelial barrier function, commensal bacteria, cytokines, small GTPases, post-translational modification, signal transduction, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, metabolic disorders, intestinal epithelium
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Epithelial Cells, Humans, Intestinal Diseases, Intestinal Mucosa, Intestines, Tight Junction Proteins
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