Circadian rhythms and psychiatric profiles in young adults with unipolar depressive disorders
Open accessAbstract
Abnormalities in circadian rhythms have been reported in people with mood disorders, but these abnormalities are marked by considerable inter-individual variability. This study aimed to identify pathophysiological subgroups on the basis of circadian markers and evaluate how these subgroups relate to psychiatric profiles. Thirty-five young adults (18–31 years old) receiving clinical care for unipolar depressive disorders and 15 healthy controls took part to this study. The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and the Young Mania rating scale were used to evaluate the severity of mood symptoms in participants with depressive disorders. All participant underwent ambulatory sleep monitoring with actigraphy for about 12 days before attending a laboratory-based chronobiological assessment which included repeated salivary samples to determine dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) and continuous core body temperature (CBT) monitoring using an ingestible temperature sensor. Cluster analyses were conducted across all participants to identify subgroups with consistent circadian timing profiles based on DLMO and the nocturnal minima of CBT. Two clusters were identified: ‘delayed’ and ‘conventional timing’ circadian phase. Descriptive analyses showed that the delayed cluster was characterised by abnormal time relationships between circadian phase markers and the sleep–wake cycle. Importantly, individuals from the delayed cluster had worse depression severity (t(28) = −2.7, p = 0.011) and hypomanic symptoms (Z = −2.2, p = 0.041) than their peers with conventional circadian timing. These findings suggest that delayed and disorganised circadian rhythms may be linked to worse psychiatric profiles in young people with depressive disorders.
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Among cosinor-based metrics, lower pseudo-F statistic values and later acrophase, both based on steps and heart rate, were associated with more severe symptoms, but these correlations became nonsignificant after FDR correction and in multiple regression analysis.
“our data indicated lower pseudo-F statistic values and later acrophase, both based on steps and heart rate, in participants with more severe symptoms, which is consistent with existing evidence [22,23,25,26,29,30], yet these correlations became nonsignificant after the FDR correction and in multiple regression analysis.”
From Digital Biomarkers for Depression Screening With Wearable Devices: Cross-sectional Study With Machine Learning Modeling (2021) · cites this paper as [23]
Later sleep midpoint and offset time were associated with more severe depressive symptoms.
“the analysis of sleep data showed that later sleep midpoint and offset time were associated with more severe depressive symptoms”
From Digital Biomarkers for Depression Screening With Wearable Devices: Cross-sectional Study With Machine Learning Modeling (2021) · cites this paper as [23]
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- Authors
- Robillard, R., Carpenter, J. S., Rogers, N. L., Fares, S., Grierson, A. B., Hermens, D. F., Naismith, S. L., Mullin, S. J., Feilds, K.-L., Glozier, N., Scott, E. M., & Hickie, I. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Ottawa (CA)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Robillard, Rébecca
- ORCID
- Venue
- Translational Psychiatry
- Published
- 2018-10-09
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 213-213
- ISSN
- 2158-3188 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6177460
- OpenAlex
- W2896565847
- Cited by
- 92
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 5.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Translational Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council
- National Health and Medical Research Council (464914)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Keywords
- circadian rhythm, major depressive disorder, young adults, dim light melatonin onset, core body temperature, circadian phase, sleep-wake cycle, hypomania, depression severity, mood disorders, chronobiology, actigraphy, salivary biomarkers
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Body Temperature, Circadian Rhythm, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Melatonin, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Severity of Illness Index, Sleep, Young Adult, Actigraphy
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