First-in-human liver-tumour surgery guided by multispectral fluorescence imaging in the visible and near-infrared-I/II windows

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Real‐time identification of liver cancers by using indocyanine green fluorescent imaging

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A high quantum yield molecule-protein complex fluorophore for near-infrared II imaging

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An activated excretion-retarded tumor imaging strategy towards metabolic organs

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Extending optical chemical tools and technologies to mice by shifting to the shortwave infrared region

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Near-infrared fluorescent Aza-BODIPY dyes: Rational structural design and biomedical imaging

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Membrane dual-targeting probes: A promising strategy for fluorescence-guided prostate cancer surgery and lymph node metastases detection

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Novel NIR-II fluorescent probes for biliary atresia imaging

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Near-Infrared II Semiconducting Polymer Dots: Chain Packing Modulation and High-Contrast Vascular Imaging in Deep Tissues

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Progress of NIR-II fluorescence imaging technology applied to disease diagnosis and treatment

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Diaminonaphthalene Boronic Acid (DANBA): New Approach for Peroxynitrite Sensing Site

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Acceptor engineering of small-molecule fluorophores for NIR-II fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging

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Novel multifunctional NIR-II aggregation-induced emission nanoparticles-assisted intraoperative identification and elimination of residual tumor

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Semiconducting Polymer Nanoparticles in the Second Near‐Infrared Region for Biomedical Imaging and Therapy

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Non‐Invasive Detection, Precise Localization, and Perioperative Navigation of In Vivo Deep Lesions Using Transmission Raman Spectroscopy

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Enhancing the fluorescence emission of the NIR-II fluorophores: Strategies, mechanisms, challenges, and opportunities

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Recent Advances of Organic Near-Infrared II Fluorophores in Optical Properties and Imaging Functions

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Clinically Available Optical Imaging Technologies in Endoscopic Lesion Detection: Current Status and Future Perspective

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Activatable Second Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probes: A New Accurate Diagnosis Strategy for Diseases

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Orthogonal Multiplexed NIR-II Imaging with Excitation-Selective Lanthanide-Based Nanoparticles

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Ultra-broadband near-infrared phosphor La2CaTa Zr(1-)O6:Cr3+ for phosphor-converted light-emitting diodes

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Near-infrared II cyanine fluorophores with large stokes shift engineered by regulating respective absorption and emission

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Computational chemistry‐assisted design of hydrazine‐based fluorescent molecular rotor for viscosity sensors

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Monoclonal Antibodies for Targeted Fluorescence-Guided Surgery: A Review of Applicability across Multiple Solid Tumors

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In vivo near-infrared fluorescent optical imaging for CNS drug discovery

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Direct mapping from diffuse reflectance to chromophore concentrations in multi-fx spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) with a deep residual network (DRN)

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Liposome trade-off strategy in mitochondria-targeted NIR-cyanine: balancing blood circulation and cell retention for enhanced anti-tumor phototherapy in vivo

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Intraoperative hyperspectral label-free imaging: from system design to first-in-patient translation

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Evaluation of N, O-Benzamide difluoroboron derivatives as near-infrared fluorescent probes to detect β-amyloid and tau tangles

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Emerging NIR-II luminescent bioprobes based on lanthanide-doped nanoparticles: From design towards diverse bioapplications

Du, P., An, R., Liang, Y., Lei, P., & Zhang, H. (2022) · Coordination Chemistry Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214745 · Cited by 29

Fabrication of a phototheranostic nanoplatform for single laser-triggered NIR-II fluorescence imaging-guided photothermal/chemo/antiangiogenic combination therapy

Lu, F., Sang, R., Tang, Y., Xia, H., Liu, J., Huang, W., Fan, Q., & Wang, Q. (2022) · Acta Biomaterialia · doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2022.08.013 · Cited by 29

Enhanced glypican-3-targeted identification of hepatocellular carcinoma with liver fibrosis by pre-degrading excess fibrotic collagen

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Materdicine: Interdiscipline of materials and medicine

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Recent Advances in the Development of Non‐Invasive Imaging Probes for Cancer Immunotherapy

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Construction of Targeting-Peptide-Based Imaging Reagents and Their Application in Bioimaging

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Lower-grade gliomas surgery guided by GRPR-targeting PET/NIR dual-modality image probe: a prospective and single-arm clinical trial

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NIR‐II Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering Nanoprobes in Biomedicine: Current Impact and Future Directions

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Aqueous Grown Quantum Dots with Robust Near-Infrared Fluorescence for Integrated Traumatic Brain Injury Diagnosis and Surgical Monitoring

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Noninvasively Real‐Time Monitoring In‐Vivo Immune Cell and Tumor Cell Interaction by NIR‐II Nanosensor

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A H2S-Triggered Dual-Modal Second Near-Infrared/Photoacoustic Intelligent Nanoprobe for Highly Specific Imaging of Colorectal Cancer

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Rapidly liver-clearable rare-earth core–shell nanoprobe for dual-modal breast cancer imaging in the second near-infrared window

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An APN‐Activated Chemiluminescent Probe for Image‐Guided Surgery of Malignant Tumors

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A novel NIR-II nanoprobe for precision imaging of micro-meter sized tumor metastases of multi-organs and skin flap

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TADF-based NIR-II semiconducting polymer dots for in vivo 3D bone imaging

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Activatable Near-Infrared Fluorescent and Photoacoustic Dual-Modal Probe for Highly Sensitive Imaging of Sulfatase In Vivo

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High-Resolution Multicolor Shortwave Infrared Dynamic In Vivo Imaging with Chromenylium Nonamethine Dyes

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Near‐Infrared Boron Difluoride Formazanate Dyes

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Fused-Ring Small-Molecule-Based Bathochromic Nano-agents for Tumor NIR-II Fluorescence Imaging-Guided Photothermal/Photodynamic Therapy

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Near-Infrared Inorganic Nanomaterials for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy

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Near-Infrared Fluorescence Tumor-Targeted Imaging in Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review

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A carbonic anhydrase-targeted NIR-II fluorescent cisplatin theranostic nanoparticle for combined therapy of pancreatic tumors

Yang, Y., Liu, Y., Weng, J., Wen, X., Liu, Y., & Ye, D. (2024) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122454 · Cited by 25

Side Chain Phenyl Isomerization‐Induced Spatial Conjugation for Achieving Efficient Near‐Infrared II Phototheranostic Agents

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Ultra‐Bright Heptamethine Dye Clusters Based on a Self‐Adaptive Co‐Assembly Strategy for NIR‐IIb Biomedical Imaging

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Non-destructive real-time monitoring and investigation of the self-assembly process using fluorescent probes

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Activatable Molecular Probes With Clinical Promise for NIR‐II Fluorescent Imaging

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Advanced flexible organic near-infrared photodetectors for sensing applications

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Protein-Enhanced NIR-IIb Emission of Indocyanine Green for Functional Bioimaging

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Endoglin/CD105-Based Imaging of Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review

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Visualizing Tumors in Real Time: A Highly Sensitive PSMA Probe for NIR-II Imaging and Intraoperative Tumor Resection

Zhang, L., Shi, X., Li, Y., Duan, X., Zhang, Z., Fu, H., Yang, X., Tian, J., Hu, Z., & Cui, M. (2021) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00444 · Cited by 26

Fluorescence imaging in the surgical management of liver cancers: Current status and future perspectives

Wang, Q., Li, X., Qian, B., Hu, K., & Liu, B. (2021) · Asian Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.asjsur.2021.08.063 · Cited by 28

Fabrication of tumor targeting rare-earth nanocrystals for real-time NIR-IIb fluorescence imaging-guided breast cancer precise surgery

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An exploratory human study of superstable homogeneous lipiodol–indocyanine green formulation for precise surgical navigation in liver cancer

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Excitation-based fully connected network for precise NIR-II fluorescence molecular tomography

Cao, C., Xiao, A., Cai, M., Shen, B., Guo, L., Shi, X., Tian, J., & Hu, Z. (2022) · Biomedical Optics Express · doi:10.1364/boe.474982 · Cited by 26

Furan Donor for NIR-II Molecular Fluorophores with Enhanced Bioimaging Performance

Liu, C., Li, M., Ma, H., Hu, Z., Wang, X., Ma, R., Jiang, Y., Sun, H., Zhu, S., & Liang, Y. (2023) · Research · doi:10.34133/research.0039 · Cited by 26

Tumor-microenvironment-responsive poly-prodrug encapsulated semiconducting polymer nanosystem for phototherapy-boosted chemotherapy

Zhu, J., Zhang, Y., Li, Z., Bao, X., Zhou, Y., Ma, B., Xie, Y., Yan, P., Wu, Z., Zhang, Q., et al. (2023) · Materials Horizons · doi:10.1039/d3mh00242j · Cited by 27

NIR‐II AIEgens nanosystem for fluorescence and chemiluminescence synergistic imaging‐guided precise resection in osteosarcoma surgery

Li, R., Liu, K., Hu, Q., Shen, J., Zuo, D., Wang, H., Zhu, X., & Sun, W. (2024) · Aggregate · doi:10.1002/agt2.658 · Cited by 26

An azo substituted quinoline‐malononitrile enzyme‐activable aggregation‐induced emission nanoprobe for hypoxia imaging

Zhu, Z., Liu, S., Wu, X., Yu, Q., Duan, Y., Hu, S., Zhu, W., & Wang, Q. (2024) · Smart Molecules · doi:10.1002/smo.20240028 · Cited by 25

High Spatiotemporal Near‐Infrared II Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging for Quantitative Detection of Clinical Tumor Margins

Chen, Z., Huang, L., Gao, D., Bao, Z., Hu, D., Zheng, W., Chen, J., Liao, J., Zheng, H., & Sheng, Z. (2024) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202411272 · Cited by 26

Boosting X‐Ray‐Activated Persistent Luminescence in Nanoparticles Toward Highly Accurate Flexible X‐Ray Imaging and Information Security

Wei, G., Wang, C., Huang, J., Wei, H., & Zhou, B. (2025) · Laser & Photonics Review · doi:10.1002/lpor.202401261 · Cited by 25

Boron–Oxygen Chelation‐Enabled Aza‐BODIPY J ‐Aggregates: NIR‐II Imaging and Photothermal Therapy for Single‐Dose Tumor Ablation

Yu, Y., Wang, Y., Wu, B., Yu, Q., Ye, J., Chen, Y., Qian, J., Li, Y., & Yin, S. (2025) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.202504607 · Cited by 26

Tumor acidity-responsive carrier-free nanodrugs based on targeting activation via ICG-templated assembly for NIR-II imaging-guided photothermal–chemotherapy

Xue, K., Feng, W., Lin, J., Tian, H., Zhu, F., Li, Y., & Hou, Z. (2020) · Biomaterials Science · doi:10.1039/d0bm01864c · Cited by 25

Above and Beyond Robotic Surgery and 3D Modelling in Paediatric Cancer Surgery

Privitera, L., Paraboschi, I., Cross, K. M., & Giuliani, S. (2021) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2021.777840 · Cited by 25

Molecular Fluorescent Probes for Liver Tumor Imaging

Liu, Q., Huang, J., He, L., Yang, X., Yuan, L., & Cheng, D. (2022) · Chemistry - An Asian Journal · doi:10.1002/asia.202200091 · Cited by 25

Precisely translating computed tomography diagnosis accuracy into therapeutic intervention by a carbon-iodine conjugated polymer

Yin, M., Liu, X., Lei, Z., Gao, Y., Liu, J., Tian, S., Liang, Z., Wang, Y., Meng, F., & Luo, L. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-30263-1 · Cited by 25

Tunable and Enhanced NIR-II Luminescence from Heavily Doped Rare-Earth Nanoparticles for In Vivo Bioimaging

Zhang, Z., Yang, Y., Zhao, M., Lu, L., Zhang, F., & Fan, Y. (2022) · ACS Applied Bio Materials · doi:10.1021/acsabm.2c00268 · Cited by 25

A facile phototheranostic nanoplatform integrating NIR-II fluorescence/PA bimodal imaging and image-guided surgery/PTT combinational therapy for improved antitumor efficacy

Han, X., Fang, W., Zhang, T., Zhong, X., Qian, K., Jiang, Z., Hu, R., Shao, G., Zhang, L., & Zhang, Q. (2022) · Journal of Material Science and Technology · doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2022.05.027 · Cited by 25

Recent progress of second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorescence microscopy in bioimaging

Wang, T., Chen, Y., Wang, B., & Wu, M. (2023) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2023.1126805 · Cited by 25

Supramolecular ensembles modified by near-infrared dyes and their biological applications

Jin, T., Huang, C., Cui, M., Yang, Y., Wang, Z., Zhu, W. P., & Qian, X. H. (2020) · Journal of Materials Chemistry B · doi:10.1039/d0tb01829e · Cited by 24

Redox-activated photosensitizers for visualizing precise diagnosis and potentiating cancer therapy

Fu, S., Chen, Z., Li, L., Wu, Y., Liao, Y., & Liao, Y. (2024) · Coordination Chemistry Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2024.215734 · Cited by 24

Recent progress towards the development of fluorescent probes for the detection of disease-related enzymes

Mishra, L., & Mishra, M. (2024) · Journal of Materials Chemistry B · doi:10.1039/d4tb01960a · Cited by 24

Tracking the Fate of Therapeutic Proteins Using Ratiometric Imaging of Responsive Shortwave Infrared Probes

Shrestha, P., Patel, N. L., Kalen, J. D., Usama, S. M., & Schnermann, M. J. (2025) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/jacs.4c15614 · Cited by 24

Near‐Infrared Organic Room Temperature Phosphorescent Probes Targeting Fibroblast Activation Protein for Surgical Navigation of Liver Cancer

Li, J., Gu, J., Ding, L., Li, X., Xia, P., Liu, F., Chen, X., Ma, W., He, Y., Li, Q., et al. (2025) · Aggregate · doi:10.1002/agt2.70031 · Cited by 24

Retrofitting NIR-II absorbing organic semiconducting fluorophores for reinvigorating deep-tissue fluorescence bioimaging

Hu, X., Mi, J., Qin, A., Zhu, C., Chen, Z., Yáng, Z., & Huang, W. (2025) · Coordination Chemistry Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2025.216992 · Cited by 27

Achieving High‐Brightness NIR‐II Emission: Molecular Locking and Wrapping Strategies in Fluorescent Material Design for in Vivo Bioimaging

Wan, Y., Gao, Y., Chen, Y., Lee, K., Wang, H., Tsai, Y., Chen, W., Li, S., Wong, K., & Lee, C. (2025) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.202510386 · Cited by 26

Gram-scale synthesis of a neodymium chelate as a spectral CT and second near-infrared window imaging agent for visualizing the gastrointestinal tract in vivo

Zhuang, P., Xiang, K., Meng, X., Wang, G., Li, Z., Lu, Y., Kan, D., Zhang, X., & Sun, S. (2021) · Journal of Materials Chemistry B · doi:10.1039/d0tb02276d · Cited by 24

Serum lncRNA-ANRIL and SOX9 expression levels in glioma patients and their relationship with poor prognosis

Sun, Y., Jing, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2021) · World Journal of Surgical Oncology · doi:10.1186/s12957-021-02392-2 · Cited by 26

Recent Progress on Molecular Photoacoustic Imaging with Carbon-Based Nanocomposites

Jeong, S., Yoo, S. W., Kim, H. J., Park, J., Kim, J. W., Lee, C., & Kim, H. (2021) · Materials · doi:10.3390/ma14195643 · Cited by 24

Near-infrared-II deep tissue fluorescence microscopy and application

Liu, P., Zhao, R. J., Li, H., Zhu, T., Li, Y., Wang, H., & Zhang, X. (2022) · Nano Research · doi:10.1007/s12274-022-4836-y · Cited by 24

H2O2 Self-Supply and Glutathione Depletion Engineering Nanoassemblies for NIR-II Photoacoustic Imaging of Tumor Tissues and Photothermal-Enhanced Gas Starvation-Primed Chemodynamic Therapy

Luo, Y., Zhang, L., Wang, S., Wang, Y., Hua, J., Wen, C., Zhao, S., & Liang, H. (2023) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.3c07227 · Cited by 24

Fluorescence visualization for cancer DETECTION: EXPERIENCE and perspectives

Kravchenko, Y. O., Sikora, K., Awuah, W. A., & Lyndіn, M. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24390 · Cited by 24

Tracking the in vivo spatio-temporal patterns of neovascularization via NIR-II fluorescence imaging

Chen, M., Feng, S., Yang, Y., Li, Y., Zhang, J., Chen, S., & Chen, J. (2020) · Nano Research · doi:10.1007/s12274-020-2982-7 · Cited by 24

In vivo live imaging of bone using shortwave infrared fluorescent quantum dots

Che, Y., Feng, S., Guo, J., Hou, J., Zhu, X., Chen, L., Yang, H., Chen, M., Li, Y., Chen, S., et al. (2020) · Nanoscale · doi:10.1039/d0nr06261h · Cited by 24

Optical and magnetic resonance imaging approaches for investigating the tumour microenvironment: state-of-the-art review and future trends

Prasad, S., Chandra, A., Cavo, M., Parasido, E., Fricke, S., Lee, Y., D’Amone, E., Gigli, G., Albanese, C., Rodriguez, O., et al. (2020) · Nanotechnology · doi:10.1088/1361-6528/abc208 · Cited by 23

Tissue‐seeking dyes for in vivo applications

Ma, Y., Qin, C., Lei, Y., Yang, X., & Lei, Z. (2024) · Smart Molecules · doi:10.1002/smo.20240029 · Cited by 23

Inorganic Nanoscintillators: Current Trends and Future Perspectives

Dujardin, C., Bessière, A., Bulin, A., Chaput, F., & Mahler, B. (2025) · Advanced Optical Materials · doi:10.1002/adom.202402739 · Cited by 25

Gradient‐Metasurface‐Contact Photodetector for Visible‐to‐Near‐Infrared Spin Light

He, C., Tang, Z., Wang, C., Wang, Y., Hua, Q., Liu, L., Wang, X., Schmidt, O. G., Maier, S. A., Ren, H., et al. (2025) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.202418405 · Cited by 23

Activatable luminescent probes for imaging brain diseases

Li, Z., Wang, C., Zhang, M., Li, S., Mao, Z., & Liu, Z. (2021) · Nano Today · doi:10.1016/j.nantod.2021.101239 · Cited by 23

The facile preparation of solid-state fluorescent carbon dots with a high fluorescence quantum yield and their application in rapid latent fingerprint detection

Wang, H., Hou, W.-Y., Kang, J., Zhai, X.-Y., Chen, H., Hao, Y., & Wan, G. (2021) · Dalton Transactions · doi:10.1039/d1dt01510a · Cited by 23

Fabrication of pure-drug microneedles for delivery of montelukast sodium

Azizoğlu, E., Özer, Ö., & Prausnitz, M. R. (2021) · Drug Delivery and Translational Research · doi:10.1007/s13346-021-01047-9 · Cited by 23

Subdural neural interfaces for long-term electrical recording, optical microscopy and magnetic resonance imaging

Wang, X., Wang, M., Sheng, H., Zhu, L. J., Zhu, J., Zhang, H., Yin, L., Li, Z., Wang, X., Zhang, J., et al. (2021) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121352 · Cited by 23

Rational Molecular Engineering of Organic Semiconducting Nanoplatforms for Advancing NIR‐II Fluorescence Theranostics

Hu, X., Chen, Z., Ao, H., Fan, Q., Yáng, Z., & Huang, W. (2022) · Advanced Optical Materials · doi:10.1002/adom.202201067 · Cited by 23

2-Hydroxy-5-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine as a Novel Matrix for Enhanced MALDI Imaging of Tissue Metabolites

Bao, Z., Yu, D., Fu, J., Gu, J., Xu, J., Qin, L., Hu, H., Yang, C., Liu, W., Chen, L., et al. (2024) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05235 · Cited by 22

Quinoidal π-Bridges for a Fused-Ring Acceptor with Enhanced Near-Infrared-II Photothermal Therapy and Fluorescent Emission beyond 1500 nm

Cao, W., Zhang, X., Yang, X., Sun, H., Chen, Z., & Liang, Y. (2024) · ACS Materials Letters · doi:10.1021/acsmaterialslett.4c00759 · Cited by 22

NIR-II fluorescence imaging in liver tumor surgery: A narrative review

Liu, Z., Yan, L., Hu, Q., & Yin, D. (2023) · Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences · doi:10.1142/s1793545823300100 · Cited by 7

Multispectral image-guided surgery in patients

Choi, H. S., & Kim, H. K. (2020) · Nature Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1038/s41551-020-0536-7 · Cited by 65

Surgical Navigation for Malignancies Guided by Near‐Infrared‐II Fluorescence Imaging

Yang, R., Lou, K., Wang, P., Gao, Y., Zhang, Y., Chen, M., Huang, W., & Zhang, G. (2021) · Small Methods · doi:10.1002/smtd.202001066 · Cited by 152

Improving Surgical Resection of Metastatic Liver Tumors With Near-Infrared Optical-Guided Fluorescence Imaging

Barabino, G., Porcheron, J., Michèle Cottier, A., Cuilleron, M., Coutard, J.-G., Berger, M., Molliex, S. B., Beauchesne, B., Phelip, J., Grichine, A., et al. (2015) · Surgical Innovation · doi:10.1177/1553350615618287 · Cited by 17

Fluorescence-guided laparoscopic hepatectomies

Boogerd, L. S. F., Handgraaf, H. J. M., Lam, H., van de Velde, C. J. H., Braat, A. E., & Vahrmeijer, A. L. (2016) · HPB · doi:10.1016/j.hpb.2016.02.290