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Cited by 283Obesity, Physical Activity, DietBehavioral Health and InterventionsObesity and Health Practices

Interventions to prevent weight gain: a systematic review of psychological models and behaviour change methods

Hardeman, W, Griffin, S, Johnston, M, Kinmonth, AL, Wareham, NJ·2000·International Journal of Obesity
DOI 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801100
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Abstract

Objective To identify and review published interventions aimed at the prevention of weight gain.Design A systematic review of published interventions aimed at the prevention of weight gain.Methods Search strategies-we searched eight databases, manually checked reference lists and contacted authors. Inclusion and exclusion criteria-studies of any design, in which participants were selected regardless of weight or age, were included. Interventions targeting a specific subgroup, multifactorial interventions, interventions aimed at weight loss, and those with an ambiguous aim were excluded. Data extraction-data were extracted on behaviours targeted for change, psychological model, behaviour change methods and modes of delivery, methodological quality, characteristics of participants, and outcomes related to body weight and self-reported diet and physical activity. Classification and validation-a taxonomy of behaviour change programmes was developed and used for classification of underlying model, behaviour change methods, and modes of delivery. The data extraction and subsequent classification were independently validated.Results Eleven publications were included, describing five distinct interventions in schools and four in the wider community. Where diet and physical activity were described, positive effects were usually obtained, but all were measured by self-report. Effects on weight were mixed but follow-up was generally short. Smaller effects on weight gain were found among low-income participants, students and smokers. Many participants in the community-based studies were overweight or obese. Study dropout was higher among thinner and lower-income subjects.Conclusion Interventions to prevent weight gain exhibited various degrees of effectiveness. Definite statements about the elements of the interventions that were associated with increased effect size cannot be made as only one of the five studies that involved an RCT design reported a significant effect on weight. This intervention involved a correspondence programme and a mix of behaviour change methods including goal setting, self-monitoring and contingencies. Future interventions might be more effective if they were explicitly based on methods of behaviour change that have been shown to work in other contexts. Effective interventions would be more easily replicated if they were explicitly described. Effectiveness might be more precisely demonstrated if more objective measures of physical activity and diet were used, and if the follow-up was over a longer period. International Journal of Obesity (2000) 24, 131-143

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Authors
Hardeman, W., Griffin, S., Johnston, M., Kinmonth, A., & Wareham, N.
Affiliations
  • University of Cambridge (GB)
  • University of St Andrews (GB)
Corresponding author
Hardeman, W
ORCID
Venue
International Journal of Obesity
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2000-02
Volume
24
Issue
2
Pages
131-143
ISSN
  • 0307-0565 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-5497
DOI
10.1038/sj.ijo.0801100
OpenAlex
W2058494271
Cited by
283
References
65
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 19
FWCI
1.55
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations
  • International Journal of Obesity (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • UEA Digital Repository (University of East Anglia) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Medical Research Council
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Pharmacy › Obesity and Health Practices
Keywords
weight gain prevention, behaviour change interventions, psychological model, self-monitoring, goal setting, contingency management, school-based intervention, community-based intervention, diet, physical activity, obesity, intervention effectiveness, dropout
MeSH terms
Behavior Therapy, Humans, Models, Psychological, Obesity, Weight Gain

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