Sleep, ghrelin, leptin and changes in body weight during a 1-year moderate-intensity physical activity intervention
Abstract
Objective To investigate cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships among exercise, sleep, ghrelin and leptin.Methods We randomly assigned 173 post-menopausal sedentary overweight (body mass index >or=24.0 kg/m(2) and >33% body fat) women aged 50-75 years living in western Washington State to either a facility- and home-based moderate-intensity physical activity intervention or a stretching control group. Fasting plasma ghrelin, leptin, measured height, weight and self-reported sleep were assessed at baseline and 12 months.Results There were no consistent cross-sectional patterns between self-reported sleep measures and ghrelin or leptin at baseline. The weight loss differences between exercisers and stretchers were greater for those who slept less at follow-up than at baseline compared to those whose sleep duration did not change (-3.2 kg, 95% confidence interval (CI) -5.8, -0.5). Improvements in sleep quality were associated with significantly greater differences between exercisers and stretchers for ghrelin increases (improved vs same sleep quality: +115 pg/ml, 95% CI +25, +206) and leptin decreases (improved vs worsened sleep quality: -5.7 ng/ml, 95% CI -9.5, -1.5).Conclusion There was only limited evidence that changes in sleep duration or quality modified exercise-induced changes in weight, ghrelin or leptin. Moreover, the observed differences were not in the directions hypothesized. Future longitudinal studies including population-based samples using objective measures of sleep and long follow-up may help to clarify these relationships.
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Among 28 longitudinal studies on short sleep and later obesity risk in children and adults, 22 found that short sleep was linked to greater weight gain, obesity, or fat mass after a few years.
“Of the 28 longitudinal studies that examined the impact of short sleep on obesity risk in children and adults, 22 reported that short sleep is associated with an increased risk of weight gain or development of obesity and/or increased fat mass a few years later”
From Sleep and metabolic function (2012) · cites this paper as [94]
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- Authors
- Littman, A. J., Vitiello, M. V., Foster-Schubert, K., Ulrich, C. M., Tworoger, S. S., Potter, J. D., Weigle, D. S., & McTiernan, A.
- Affiliations
- Fred Hutch Cancer Center (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Littman, A J
- Venue
- International Journal of Obesity
- Published
- 2006-08-15
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 466-475
- ISSN
- 0307-0565 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5497
- OpenAlex
- W2060730575
- Cited by
- 86
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 3.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- International Journal of Obesity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (T32 CA090001, R25 CA 94880, R25CA094880)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Keywords
- sleep duration, sleep quality, ghrelin, leptin, weight change, weight loss, moderate physical activity, exercise intervention, postmenopausal women, overweight women, stretching, home-based exercise
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Exercise Therapy, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Middle Aged, Obesity, Sleep, Weight Loss, Body Mass Index, Leptin, Peptide Hormones, Ghrelin
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