Cited by 964Nitric Oxide and Endothelin EffectsHydrogels: synthesis, properties, applicationsNanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery

Nitric oxide release: Part II. Therapeutic applications

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Carpenter, Alexis W., Schoenfisch, Mark H.·2012·Chemical Society Reviews

Abstract

A wide range of nitric oxide (NO)-releasing materials has emerged as potential therapeutics that exploit NO's vast biological roles. Macromolecular NO-releasing scaffolds are particularly promising due to their ability to store and deliver larger NO payloads in a more controlled and effective manner compared to low molecular weight NO donors. While a variety of scaffolds (e.g., particles, dendrimers, and polymers/films) have been cleverly designed, the ultimate clinical utility of most NO-releasing macromolecules remains unrealized. Although not wholly predictive of clinical success, in vitro and in vivo investigations have enabled a preliminary evaluation of the therapeutic potential of such materials. In this tutorial review, we review the application of macromolecular NO therapies for cardiovascular disease, cancer, bacterial infections, and wound healing.

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Crossref · 10.1039/c2cs15273h

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  • NO inhibits respiration at the level of complex IV and has a safe record for use as a vasodilator and in dermatologic applications.

    “We made use of nitric oxide (NO), which inhibits respiration at the level of complex IV and has a safe record for use as a vasodilator (20) and in dermatologic applications (21).”

    From Inhibition of Classical and Alternative Modes of Respiration in <i>Candida albicans</i> Leads to Cell Wall Remodeling and Increased Macrophage Recognition (2019) · cites this paper as [20]

    The Introduction describes successful topical dermatological use of gaseous NO, and the Cardiovascular Disease section describes NO-mediated vasodilation. The cited passages do not establish an unqualified safety record; they identify risks and side effects of NO therapies. No passage found supports inhibition of respiration at complex IV. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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  • Given nitric oxide's roles in the immune response, favorable tissue reactions to nitric oxide-releasing substrates would be expected in vivo.

    “Given NO’s roles in the immune response, favorable tissue reactions to NO-releasing substrates would be expected in vivo.217”
  • NO-activated sGC reduces intracellular calcium, inhibits platelet PI3-kinase, and reduces affinity and number of fibrinogen binding sites on GPIIb/IIIa.

    “The NO activated sGC ultimately results in reduced intracellular calcium, inhibition of platelet phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3), and reduced affinity as well as number of surface membrane fibrinogen binding sites on platelets (GPIIb/IIIa).117,121–126”
  • cGMP increases cAMP indirectly through phosphodiesterase III, decreasing intracellular calcium.

    “In addition, the cGMP increases cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels indirectly through phosphodiesterase III, which will also decrease the intracellular calcium concentration.”
  • Three main strategies for increasing NO bioavailability are exercise/diet, drugs that alter enzymatic NO production, and modified polymeric materials that deliver NO exogenously.

    “There are three main strategies for increasing NO bioavailability: 1) by participating in physical exercise and controlling certain dietary components (e.g., nitrate-rich diet);132,133 2) by administrating drugs that alter the enzymatic production of NO through nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) and increase the biosynthesis of NO endogenously;117 and 3) by using modified polymeric materials that can”

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Research works printed but not linked: 13

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Authors
Carpenter, A. W., & Schoenfisch, M. H.
Affiliations
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
Corresponding author
Schoenfisch, Mark H.
Venue
Chemical Society Reviews
Published
2012
Volume
41
Issue
10
Pages
3742
ISSN
  • 0306-0012 (ISSN-L)
  • 1460-4744
OpenAlex
W2026954356
Cited by
964
References
93
Citations by year
2026: 50 · 2025: 63 · 2024: 76 · 2023: 92 · 2022: 102 · 2021: 80 · 2020: 88 · 2019: 87 · 2018: 60 · 2017: 62 · 2016: 52 · 2015: 60 · 2014: 44 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 12
FWCI
5.13
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Chemical Society Reviews (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (EB 000708, R01EB000708)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
Keywords
nitric oxide, nitric oxide donors, cardiovascular disease, cancer therapy, bacterial infection, wound healing, dendrimers, polymers, particles, clinical translation
MeSH terms
Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Blood Circulation, Cardiovascular Diseases, Humans, Neoplasms, Nitric Oxide, Thrombosis, Wound Healing, Reperfusion Injury, Free Radical Scavengers, Endothelium-Dependent Relaxing Factors

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