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Cited by 1,119Mitochondrial Function and PathologyAdipose Tissue and MetabolismMetabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer

Regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis

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Jornayvaz, François R., Shulman, Gerald I.·2010·Essays in Biochemistry
DOI 10.1042/bse0470069PMC PMC3883043
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Abstract

Although it is well established that physical activity increases mitochondrial content in muscle, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process have only recently been elucidated. Mitochondrial dysfunction is an important component of different diseases associated with aging, such as Type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. PGC-1alpha (peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator-1alpha) is a co-transcriptional regulation factor that induces mitochondrial biogenesis by activating different transcription factors, including nuclear respiratory factor 1 and nuclear respiratory factor 2, which activate mitochondrial transcription factor A. The latter drives transcription and replication of mitochondrial DNA. PGC-1alpha itself is regulated by several different key factors involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, which will be reviewed in this chapter. Of those, AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) is of major importance. AMPK acts as an energy sensor of the cell and works as a key regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. AMPK activity has been shown to decrease with age, which may contribute to decreased mitochondrial biogenesis and function with aging. Given the potentially important role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases and in the process of aging, understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and function may provide potentially important novel therapeutic targets.

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  • Several proteins needed for mitochondrial biogenesis are encoded in nuclear DNA and synthesized by cytosolic ribosomes before they can be imported into the mitochondria.

    “Moreover, several proteins needed for mitochondrial biogenesis are encoded in nuclear DNA and synthesized by cytosolic ribosomes before they can be imported into the mitochondria (Jornayvaz and Shulman, 2010; Perry and Hawley, 2018).”

    From Skeletal Muscle Ribosome and Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Response to Different Exercise Training Modalities (2021) · cites this paper as Jornayvaz and Shulman, 2010

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Authors
Jornayvaz, F. R., & Shulman, G. I.
Affiliations
  • Yale University (US)
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
Corresponding author
Shulman, Gerald I.
ORCID
Venue
Essays in Biochemistry
Publisher
Portland Press Ltd.
Published
2010-06-14
Volume
47
Pages
69-84
ISSN
  • 0071-1365 (ISSN-L)
  • 1744-1358
DOI
10.1042/bse0470069
PMC
PMC3883043
OpenAlex
W2110374590
Cited by
1,119
References
15
Citations by year
2026: 60 · 2025: 85 · 2024: 150 · 2023: 117 · 2022: 129 · 2021: 138 · 2020: 125 · 2019: 80 · 2018: 66 · 2017: 61 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 10
FWCI
1.01
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Essays in Biochemistry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK040936, U24DK059635)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
Keywords
mitochondrial biogenesis, PGC-1α, AMPK, NRF1, TFAM, mitochondrial DNA replication, mitochondrial dysfunction, aging, type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, physical activity, skeletal muscle, energy sensing
MeSH terms
Organelle Biogenesis, DNA, Mitochondrial, Mitochondria, Models, Biological, AMP-Activated Protein Kinases

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