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Cited by 980

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Calcium plus Vitamin D Supplementation and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer

Open access
Wactawski-Wende, Jean, Kotchen, Jane Morley, Anderson, Garnet L., Assaf, Annlouise R., Brunner, Robert L., O'Sullivan, Mary Jo, Margolis, Karen L., Ockene, Judith K., Phillips, Lawrence, Pottern, Linda, Prentice, Ross L., Robbins, John, Rohan, Thomas E., Sarto, Gloria E., Sharma, Santosh, Stefanick, Marcia L., Van Horn, Linda, Wallace, Robert B., Whitlock, Evelyn, Bassford, Tamsen, Beresford, Shirley A.A., Black, Henry R., Bonds, Denise E., Brzyski, Robert G., Caan, Bette, Chlebowski, Rowan T., Cochrane, Barbara, Garland, Cedric, Gass, Margery, Hays, Jennifer, Heiss, Gerardo, Hendrix, Susan L., Howard, Barbara V., Hsia, Judith, Hubbell, F. Allan, Jackson, Rebecca D., Johnson, Karen C., Judd, Howard, Kooperberg, Charles L., Kuller, Lewis H., LaCroix, Andrea Z., Lane, Dorothy S., Langer, Robert D., Lasser, Norman L., Lewis, Cora E., Limacher, Marian C., Manson, JoAnn E.·2006·New England Journal of Medicine
DOI 10.1056/nejmoa055222
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Higher intake of calcium and vitamin D has been associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer in epidemiologic studies and polyp recurrence in polyp-prevention trials. However, randomized-trial evidence that calcium with vitamin D supplementation is beneficial in the primary prevention of colorectal cancer is lacking. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 36,282 postmenopausal women from 40 Women's Health Initiative centers: 18,176 women received 500 mg of elemental calcium as calcium carbonate with 200 IU of vitamin D3 [corrected] twice daily (1000 mg of elemental calcium and 400 IU of vitamin D3) and 18,106 received a matching placebo for an average of 7.0 years. The incidence of pathologically confirmed colorectal cancer was the designated secondary outcome. Baseline levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D were assessed in a nested case-control study. RESULTS: The incidence of invasive colorectal cancer did not differ significantly between women assigned to calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and those assigned to placebo (168 and 154 cases; hazard ratio, 1.08; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.86 to 1.34; P=0.51), and the tumor characteristics were similar in the two groups. The frequency of colorectal-cancer screening and abdominal symptoms was similar in the two groups. There were no significant treatment interactions with baseline characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: Daily supplementation of calcium with vitamin D for seven years had no effect on the incidence of colorectal cancer among postmenopausal women. The long latency associated with the development of colorectal cancer, along with the seven-year duration of the trial, may have contributed to this null finding. Ongoing follow-up will assess the longer-term effect of this intervention. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00000611.).

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Authors
Wactawski-Wende, J., Kotchen, J. M., Anderson, G. L., Assaf, A. R., Brunner, R. L., O'Sullivan, M. J., Margolis, K. L., Ockene, J. K., Phillips, L., Pottern, L., Prentice, R. L., Robbins, J., Rohan, T. E., Sarto, G. E., Sharma, S., Stefanick, M. L., Van Horn, L., Wallace, R. B., Whitlock, E., Bassford, T., Beresford, S. A. A., Black, H. R., Bonds, D. E., Brzyski, R. G., Caan, B., Chlebowski, R. T., Cochrane, B., Garland, C., Gass, M., Hays, J., Heiss, G., Hendrix, S. L., Howard, B. V., Hsia, J., Hubbell, F. A., Jackson, R. D., Johnson, K. C., Judd, H., Kooperberg, C. L., Kuller, L. H., LaCroix, A. Z., Lane, D. S., Langer, R. D., Lasser, N. L., Lewis, C. E., Limacher, M. C., & Manson, J. E.
Venue
New England Journal of Medicine
Publisher
Massachusetts Medical Society
Published
2006-02-16
Volume
354
Issue
7
Pages
684-696
ISSN
  • 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
  • 1533-4406
DOI
10.1056/nejmoa055222
OpenAlex
W2156394393
Cited by
980
References
4
FWCI
52.07
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

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