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Lesion mapping of cognitive control and value-based decision making in the prefrontal cortex

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Gläscher, Jan, Adolphs, Ralph, Damasio, Hanna, Bechara, Antoine, Rudrauf, David, Calamia, Matthew, Paul, Lynn K., Tranel, Daniel·2012·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

DOI 10.1073/pnas.1206608109PMC PMC3437894

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Abstract

A considerable body of previous research on the prefrontal cortex (PFC) has helped characterize the regional specificity of various cognitive functions, such as cognitive control and decision making. Here we provide definitive findings on this topic, using a neuropsychological approach that takes advantage of a unique dataset accrued over several decades. We applied voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping in 344 individuals with focal lesions (165 involving the PFC) who had been tested on a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tasks. Two distinct functional-anatomical networks were revealed within the PFC: one associated with cognitive control (response inhibition, conflict monitoring, and switching), which included the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex and a second associated with value-based decision-making, which included the orbitofrontal, ventromedial, and frontopolar cortex. Furthermore, cognitive control tasks shared a common performance factor related to set shifting that was linked to the rostral anterior cingulate cortex. By contrast, regions in the ventral PFC were required for decision-making. These findings provide detailed causal evidence for a remarkable functional-anatomical specificity in the human PFC.

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Authors: Gläscher, J., Adolphs, R., Damasio, H., Bechara, A., Rudrauf, D., Calamia, M., Paul, L. K., & Tranel, D.
Affiliations: California Institute of Technology (US)
Dana and David Dornsife Cognitive Neuroscience Imaging Institute and
University of Southern California (US)
Departments of gNeurology and
University of Iowa (US)
Divisions of aHumanities and Social Sciences and
ORCID: Gläscher, Jan
Adolphs, Ralph
Bechara, Antoine
Rudrauf, David
Calamia, Matthew
Paul, Lynn K.
Tranel, Daniel
Venue: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Publisher: National Academy of Sciences
Published: 2012-08-20
Volume: 109
Issue: 36
Pages: 14681-14686
ISSN: 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
1091-6490
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1206608109
PMC: PMC3437894
OpenAlex: W1998128125
Cited by: 476
References: 70
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 73 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 44 · 2013: 36
FWCI: 19.14
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
Civil War Book Review (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5p50ns019632-28)
National Institute of Mental Health (P50MH094258)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA022549)
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (P50-NS019632, P50NS19632)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Historical and Modern Theater Studies
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Keywords: prefrontal cortex, cognitive control, value-based decision making, lesion-symptom mapping, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, frontopolar cortex, response inhibition, conflict monitoring, set-shifting
MeSH terms: Cognition, Decision Making, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Iowa, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Nerve Net, Neuropsychological Tests, Social Values, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Linear Models, Prefrontal Cortex, Executive Function

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Lesion mapping of cognitive control and value-based decision making in the prefrontal cortex

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