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Two distinct neural mechanisms underlying indirect reciprocity
Open accessAbstract
Significance: Humans help strangers even if the strangers will not directly help them in the future. The so-called indirect reciprocity seems to support large-scale cooperation in human society. We revealed functional and anatomical neural bases of two types of indirect reciprocity by combining group and neuroimaging experiments. Reputation-based indirect reciprocity activated the precuneus, a brain region associated with self-centered cognition. Indirect reciprocity occurring as a succession of pay-it-forward behaviors specifically recruited the anterior insula, a region related to affective empathy. Furthermore, task-irrelevant neural fingerprints of these brain regions are predictive of the individual’s tendency of cooperation. These results in particular explain why we often conduct seemingly irrational cooperation such as pay-it-forward reciprocity.
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Functional connectivity of the precuneus with the AI during rest has been previously found to predict trust and reciprocity in non-lonely individuals.
“Importantly, the functional connectivity of the precuneus with the AI during rest has been previously found to predict trust and reciprocity in non‐lonely individuals.[ 34 , 35 ]”
From Loneliness and the Social Brain: How Perceived Social Isolation Impairs Human Interactions (2021) · cites this paper as [35]
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Loneliness and the Social Brain: How Perceived Social Isolation Impairs Human Interactions
Lieberz, J., Shamay‐Tsoory, S. G., Saporta, N., Esser, T., Kuskova, E., Stoffel‐Wagner, B., Hurlemann, R., & Scheele, D. (2021) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202102076 · Cited by 116
Metadata
- Authors
- Watanabe, T., Takezawa, M., Nakawake, Y., Kunimatsu, A., Yamasue, H., Nakamura, M., Miyashita, Y., & Masuda, N.
- Affiliations
- University College London (GB)
- Hokkaido University (JP)
- Radiology, and
- The University of Tokyo (JP)
- Departments of aPhysiology,
- ORCID
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2014-03-03
- Volume
- 111
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 3990-3995
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC3964069
- OpenAlex
- W1973381028
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 22.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (23681033, 22689034, 25285176, 24220008, 24653166)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies
- Keywords
- indirect reciprocity, cooperation, precuneus, anterior insula, caudate nucleus, resting-state functional connectivity, gray matter volume, affective empathy, emotional rewards, large-scale cooperation
- MeSH terms
- Cooperative Behavior, Game Theory, Group Processes, Humans, Models, Psychological, Parietal Lobe, Reward, Functional Neuroimaging
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