A critical role for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) in the cellular fasting response: The PPARα-null mouse as a model of fatty acid oxidation disorders
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We hypothesized that the lipid-activated transcription factor, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha), plays a pivotal role in the cellular metabolic response to fasting. Short-term starvation caused hepatic steatosis, myocardial lipid accumulation, and hypoglycemia, with an inadequate ketogenic response in adult mice lacking PPARalpha (PPARalpha-/-), a phenotype that bears remarkable similarity to that of humans with genetic defects in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation enzymes. In PPARalpha+/+ mice, fasting induced the hepatic and cardiac expression of PPARalpha target genes encoding key mitochondrial (medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, carnitine palmitoyltransferase I) and extramitochondrial (acyl-CoA oxidase, cytochrome P450 4A3) enzymes. In striking contrast, the hepatic and cardiac expression of most PPARalpha target genes was not induced by fasting in PPARalpha-/- mice. These results define a critical role for PPARalpha in a transcriptional regulatory response to fasting and identify the PPARalpha-/- mouse as a potentially useful murine model of inborn and acquired abnormalities of human fatty acid utilization.
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In response to fasting, the liver increases hepatic glucose production via glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis to supply glucose as a fuel source for non-hepatic tissues including the brain and skeletal muscle.
“In response to fasting, however, the liver increases hepatic glucose production via glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis to supply glucose as a fuel source for non-hepatic tissues including the brain and skeletal muscle [15,16].”
From Hepatokines and metabolism: Deciphering communication from the liver (2021) · cites this paper as [16]
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Gibbons, G. F. (2003) · Progress in Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0163-7827(03)00034-1 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Regulation of genes involved in lipid metabolism by dietary oxidized fat
Ringseis, R., & Eder, K. (2011) · Molecular Nutrition & Food Research · doi:10.1002/mnfr.201000424 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
BAIBA does not regulate UCP-3 expression in human skeletal muscle as a response to aerobic exercise
Morales, F. E., Forsse, J. S., Andre, T. L., McKinley-Barnard, S. K., Hwang, P. S., Anthony, I. G., Tinsley, G. M., Spillane, M., Grandjean, P. W., Ramirez, A., et al. (2017) · Journal of the American College of Nutrition · doi:10.1080/07315724.2016.1256240 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Nitro-fatty acids as novel electrophilic ligands for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
Ferreira, A. M., Minarrieta, L., Lamas Bervejillo, M., & Rubbo, H. (2012) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.08.572 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
- Authors
- Leone, T. C., Weinheimer, C. J., & Kelly, D. P.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 1999-06-22
- Volume
- 96
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 7473-7478
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC22110
- OpenAlex
- W1975962309
- Cited by
- 943
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 40 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 40 · 2014: 42 · 2013: 44 · 2012: 44
- FWCI
- 11.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- American Heart Association
- National Institutes of Health
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL58493, R01HL058493)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK 45416, R01DK045416)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
- Keywords
- PPARα, fasting response, fatty acid oxidation disorders, hepatic steatosis, myocardial lipid accumulation, hypoglycemia, ketogenesis, mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, acyl-CoA oxidase, transcriptional regulation, lipid metabolism
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System, Fasting, Fatty Acids, Humans, Liver, Myocardium, Nuclear Proteins, Oxidation-Reduction, Oxidoreductases, Transcription Factors, Gene Deletion, Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear, Acyl-CoA Oxidase, Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase, Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenases, Lipid Metabolism, Mice
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