Structural Classification of Toxic Amyloid Oligomers
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Amyloid oligomers are believed to play important causal roles in many types of amyloid-related degenerative diseases. Many different laboratories have reported amyloid oligomers that differ in size, morphology, toxicity, and method of preparation or purification, raising the question of the structural relationships among these oligomer preparations. The structural plasticity that has been reported to occur in amyloids formed from the same protein sequence indicates that it is quite possible that different oligomer preparations may represent distinct structural variants. In view of the difficulty in determining the precise structure of amyloids, conformation- and epitope-specific antibodies may provide a facile means of classifying amyloid oligomer structures. Conformation-dependent antibodies that recognize generic epitopes that are specifically associated with distinct aggregation states of many different amyloid-forming sequences indicate that there are at least two fundamentally distinct types of amyloid oligomers: fibrillar and prefibrillar oligomers. Classification of amyloid oligomers according to their underlying structures may be a more useful and rational approach than relying on differences in size and morphology.
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- Authors
- Glabe, C. G.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Glabe, Charles G.
- ORCID
- Glabe, Charles G.
- Venue
- Journal of Biological Chemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-10
- Volume
- 283
- Issue
- 44
- Pages
- 29639-29643
- ISSN
- 0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2573087
- OpenAlex
- W2084280842
- Cited by
- 783
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 41 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 38 · 2017: 41 · 2016: 41 · 2015: 75 · 2014: 68 · 2013: 61 · 2012: 85
- FWCI
- 6.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Biological Chemistry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Larry L. Hillblom Foundation
- National Institutes of Health (AG00538)
- National Institute on Aging (AG 00538)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS 31230, R01NS031230)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Prion Diseases and Protein Misfolding
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Amyloidosis: Diagnosis, Treatment, Outcomes
- Keywords
- amyloid oligomers, structural classification, structural plasticity, epitope-specific antibodies, prefibrillar oligomers, oligomer toxicity
- MeSH terms
- Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Antibodies, Epitopes, Brain, Humans, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Models, Biological, Molecular Conformation, Protein Conformation, Protein Denaturation, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Protein Folding
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