Examining conspiracist beliefs about the disappearance of Amelia Earhart
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that conspiracist ideation forms part of a monological belief system in which one conspiracist idea acts as evidence for new conspiracist ideas. Here, we examined this possibility in relation to an event lacking reliable or conclusive evidence, namely the disappearance of Amelia Earhart and Fred Noonan. A total of 914 members of the British general public completed scales measuring their beliefs about the disappearance of Earhart and Noonan, belief in conspiracy theories, the Big Five personality factors, support for democratic principles, political cynicism, self-esteem, and self-assessed intelligence. Results showed that belief in conspiracy theories was associated with the endorsement of less plausible explanations for the disappearance of Earhart and Noonan. In addition, belief in less plausible explanations was also significantly associated with lower self-assessed intelligence, greater political cynicism, lower self-esteem, and higher Agreeableness scores. These results are discussed in relation to monological belief systems.
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Conspiracy theory beliefs are linked to political alienation and cynicism.
“Conspiracy theory beliefs are linked to political alienation and cynicism [10-12]”
From The dark side of social movements: social identity, non-conformity, and the lure of conspiracy theories (2020) · cites this paper as [11]
By challenging official narratives, conspiracy theories can undermine people's trust in broader societal structures, leading to alienation and anomie, which is linked to non-normative political activism.
“by challenging official narratives conspiracy theories can actually undermine people's trust in broader societal structures [cf.56] leading to alienation and anomie [10-12, 57, 58] which in turn is linked to non-normative political activism [17**,18].”
From The dark side of social movements: social identity, non-conformity, and the lure of conspiracy theories (2020) · cites this paper as [11]
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- Authors
- Swami, V., & Furnham, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Westminster (GB)
- University College London (GB)
- Venue
- The Journal of General Psychology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2012-09-20
- Volume
- 139
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 244-259
- ISSN
- 0022-1309 (ISSN-L)
- 1940-0888
- OpenAlex
- W2078271151
- Cited by
- 88
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 17.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of General Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Misinformation and Its Impacts
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Keywords
- conspiracist ideation, conspiracy theories, political cynicism, self-esteem, agreeableness, Big Five personality traits, democratic principles
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Attitude, Culture, Female, United Kingdom, Humans, Intelligence, Male, Middle Aged, Personality, Politics, Self Concept, History, 20th Century, Young Adult
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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