The DOI matches its Crossref record; 71 of the 72 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 32 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial
Open accessAbstract
The current study is the first randomized-controlled trial evaluating the feasibility and initial efficacy of an 8-week outpatient Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention (MBRP) program as compared to treatment as usual (TAU). Participants were 168 adults with substance use disorders who had recently completed intensive inpatient or outpatient treatment. Assessments were administered pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 2 and 4 months post-intervention. Feasibility of MBRP was demonstrated by consistent homework compliance, attendance, and participant satisfaction. Initial efficacy was supported by significantly lower rates of substance use in those who received MBRP as compared to those in TAU over the 4-month post-intervention period. Additionally, MBRP participants demonstrated greater decreases in craving, and increases in acceptance and acting with awareness as compared to TAU. Results from this initial trial support the feasibility and initial efficacy of MBRP as an aftercare approach for individuals who have recently completed an intensive treatment for substance use disorders.
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18 Own method · 17 Own result · 14 Not checked yet · 6 Own interpretation
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The omnibus model for substance-use problems (Wald χ2 (7, N = 163) = 135.14, P <.001) was significant.”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > RESULTS > Primary Outcomes
plainn = 163- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The significant main effects for t were qualified by a significant t × Treatment interaction, which indicated that AOD use decreased to a greater extent among MBRP versus TAU participants.”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > RESULTS > Primary Outcomes
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The AOD use model was statistically significant (Wald χ2 (7, N = 163) = 97.72,P <.001).”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > RESULTS > Primary Outcomes
plainn = 163- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Two months post-intervention, MBRP participants reported an average of 2.1 days of use, and TAU participants reported an average of 5.4 days (see Table 2).”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > RESULTS > Primary Outcomes
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The significant main effects for t were qualified by a significant t × Treatment interaction, suggesting that acting with awareness increased to a greater extent among MBRP versus TAU participants, for whom it decreased.”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > RESULTS > Process Outcomes
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Models for the other subscales of the FFMQ evinced nonsignificant treatment effects or omnibus model tests (P > .05).”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > RESULTS > Process Outcomes
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The craving (PACS) model was statistically significant (Wald χ2 (7, N = 166) = 37.60, P < .001).”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > RESULTS > Process Outcomes
plainn = 166 ·- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“There was a significant t × Treatment interaction such that, over time, acceptance increased more among MBRP participants than among TAU participants (see Table 2).”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > RESULTS > Process Outcomes
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Specifically, the MBRP group showed an average 86% decrease in AOD use for each 2-month increase in linear time.”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > RESULTS > Primary Outcomes
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The acting with awareness (FFMQ-ACT) model was marginally significant (Wald χ2 (7, N = 165) = 13.03, P = .07).”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > RESULTS > Process Outcomes
plainn = 165 ·- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- It may state two separate claims as one. 16
- Probably not a substantial claim. 16
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“There were no significant treatment interactions or main effects of treatment on substance use problems (P > .68).”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > RESULTS > Primary Outcomes
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The significant t2 × Treatment interaction also indicated a curvilinear effect of treatment on AOD use, which suggested that the treatment gains made by MBRP participants, compared to TAU participants, decayed by 4 months post-intervention.”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > RESULTS > Primary Outcomes
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Many therapeutic orientations, such as Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) (23) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for depression (MBCT) (24), use mindfulness techniques and practices, leading to growing evidence of its benefits (24–30).”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > INTRODUCTION
What the sources say
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The most commonly available treatments in many developed countries are 12-step or mutual support groups (4).”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > INTRODUCTION
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [4] source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
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Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“however, these approaches may not be clinically indicated for individuals adverse to the disease model of addiction (6) or whose spiritual beliefs and/or lifestyle are in conflict with the 12-step philosophy.”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > INTRODUCTION
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [6] source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Integration of further efficacious treatment components may enhance RP treatment effects (18).”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > INTRODUCTION
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [18] source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“Participation in 12-step programs is associated with greater abstinence (5)”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > INTRODUCTION
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [5] source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“substance use disorders are often described as “chronic relapsing conditions” (2,3).”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > INTRODUCTION
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“RP has been disseminated for treatment of several types of substance abuse (8–12) with considerable empirical support (13–20).”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > INTRODUCTION
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [8] source
- Not checked yetcites [9] source
- Not checked yetcites [10] source
- Not checked yetcites [11] source
- Not checked yetcites [12] source
- Not checked yetcites [13] source
- Not checked yetcites [14] source
- Not checked yetcites [15] source
- Not checked yetcites [16] source
- Not checked yetcites [17] source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“relapse remains a significant problem for 44% to 70% of clients (21).”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > INTRODUCTION
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [21] source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Other sociodemographic variables, including gender, ethnicity, and severity of initial substance use, were examined in primary analyses as potential covariates and moderators of the treatment effects. None were significant (all P > .05), and they were not included in final models.”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > RESULTS > Treatment Group Differences at Baseline
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Approximately 61%, 57%, and 73% of the sample (N = 168) completed post-intervention and 2-month and 4-month follow-up assessments, respectively.”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > RESULTS > Treatment Compliance, Attrition, and Satisfaction
hedgedn = 168- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“MBRP participants reported attending 5.2 (2.4) or 65% of treatment sessions.”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > RESULTS > Treatment Compliance, Attrition, and Satisfaction
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Its internal consistency in the current study was .68.”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > METHODS > Measures
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“recent simulation studies have shown that the estimation method employed in this study (i.e., maximum likelihood estimation) is less biased and more precise in dealing with missing data than traditional data imputation methods, such as assuming use for missing observations (intent-to-treat methods) or carrying the last observation forward (56).”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > METHODS > Statistical Analysis
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [56] source
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The TLFB has demonstrated good reliability and validity with both online and in-person administration (42).”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > METHODS > Measures
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [42] source
boosted- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“54% reported continued practice at 4 months post-intervention for an average of 4.7 ± 4.0 days/week and 29.9 ± 19.5 minutes per session.”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > RESULTS > Treatment Compliance, Attrition, and Satisfaction
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“internal consistency in the current study was .96.”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > METHODS > Measures
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Internal consistency in the current study was .91, with subscale alphas ranging from .80 to .87.”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > METHODS > Measures
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Results of the current study provide evidence for the feasibility and initial efficacy of MBRP, offering empirical support for MBRP as an alternative to standard-of-care 12-step-based or related aftercare programs.”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > DISCUSSION
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The SCID-I has demonstrated reliability and validity in such settings.”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > METHODS > Measures
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [38]
boosted- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Attrition did not significantly differ between groups at any time point and the predictors in each model were not significantly associated with missing data on dependent variables.”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > RESULTS > Treatment Compliance, Attrition, and Satisfaction
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In conclusion, this RCT demonstrates empirical promise for feasibility and initial efficacy of MBRP as an aftercare treatment for substance use disorders, and provides preliminary support for the theoretical framework behind mindfulness meditation as a therapy for addictive behaviors.”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > DISCUSSION
boostedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Of screened participants (N = 260), 187 met eligibility criteria. Nine declined participation, 9 failed to complete the baseline assessment, and 1 refused randomization, reducing the overall sample to 168.”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > RESULTS
plainn = 260- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“participants rated the MBRP course as highly important (8.3 ± 1.4) and reported a high likelihood of continuing formal (8.9 ± 1.2) and informal (8.9 ± 1.7) meditation practices.”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > RESULTS > Treatment Compliance, Attrition, and Satisfaction
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Its internal consistency in the current sample was .87.”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > METHODS > Measures
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“participants were randomly assigned, using a computerized random number generator, to either 8 weeks of MBRP or continuation of their existing TAU.”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > METHODS > Design and Procedure
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Total number of treatment hours was therefore used as a covariate in all primary analyses.”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > RESULTS > Treatment Compliance, Attrition, and Satisfaction
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“To control for this baseline difference, race was used as a covariate in all analyses.”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > RESULTS > Treatment Group Differences at Baseline
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper relies on this without support.
The current trial is the first randomized controlled trial to test the efficacy of a mindfulness-based intervention for substance use disorders and relapse prevention.
“To our knowledge, this is the first RCT evaluating the efficacy of a mindfulness-based intervention for substance use disorders and the prevention of relapse.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source doesn’t support the claim as written.
In the citing paper
“An obstacle in MBRP is low adherence rates, with outpatient therapy having a compliance rate of 50%–60% compared to 70% for relapse prevention. 27”
From Enhancing Emotion Regulation and Overcoming Craving in Alcohol Dependence Syndrome Through Mindfulness-based Relapse Prevention (2025) · cites this paper as [27]
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Pilot trials comparing an 8-week Mindfulness Based Relapse Prevention Program (MBRP) to TAU have found significant decreases in stress, craving, and substance use, with similar effects after cultural adaptation for ethnically and racially diverse populations 20,21.”
From Effects of a trauma-informed mindful recovery program on comorbid pain, anxiety, and substance use during primary care buprenorphine treatment: A proof-of-concept study (2023) · cites this paper as [20]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The length of treatment in the current protocol corresponds well to the mean number of sessions [5.2] attended by smokers in treatment, even when eight sessions are offered (Bowen et al., 2009).”
From A randomized controlled trial protocol for engaging distress tolerance and working memory to aid smoking cessation in low socioeconomic status (SES) adults (2020) · cites this paper as Bowen et al., 2009
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The length of treatment in the current protocol corresponds well to the mean number of sessions [5.2] attended by smokers in treatment, even when eight sessions are offered (Bowen et al., 2009).”
From A randomized controlled trial protocol for engaging distress tolerance and working memory to aid smoking cessation in low socioeconomic status (SES) adults (2020) · cites this paper as Bowen et al., 2009
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Over the course of treatment, MBRP evinced fewer days of use compared to TAU (MBRP: M = .06 days, TAU: M = 2.57 days).”
From Relapse prevention for addictive behaviors (2011) · cites this paper as [117]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Clinical trials have shown the benefits of this protocol in respect of reducing the number of days of use, the amounts of alcohol or other drugs consumed, the risk of relapse compared with standard Relapse Prevention or usual treatment (psychoeducational or twelve-step) (11–13).”
From A mindfulness-based intervention for Substance Use Disorder in a Brazilian vulnerable population: a feasibility mixed method study (2024) · cites this paper as [11]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Mindfulness-based meditation (MBM) or mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) is increasingly being employed in western psychology to alleviate a variety of mental and physical conditions including obsessive compulsive disorder and anxiety and in the prevention of relapse in depression and drug addiction [6–10].”
From State and training effects of mindfulness meditation on brain networks reflect neuronal mechanisms of its antidepressant effect (2016) · cites this paper as [7]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Although the retention rate of the MBRP group was slightly lower than the TAU group, it was comparable to, or even better than, some of the previous MBRP studies [17, 49, 52, 53].”
From The feasibility of mindfulness‐based relapse prevention for adults with substance use disorders (illicit drugs) in a Chinese population: A pilot randomized controlled trial. (2026) · cites this paper as [17]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The total retention rate was 88.9%, which was above the 61% cut‐off, and was comparable to the original trial [17].”
From The feasibility of mindfulness‐based relapse prevention for adults with substance use disorders (illicit drugs) in a Chinese population: A pilot randomized controlled trial. (2026) · cites this paper as [17]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Two randomized controlled trials of MBRP as aftercare for patients who had completed treatment in the community showed significantly greater reductions in substance use in the MBRP arm compared with treatment as usual (Bowen et al., 2009) and with cognitive behavioral treatment (Bowen et al., 2014).”
From Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention in a Jail Drug Treatment Program. (2019) · cites this paper as Bowen et al., 2009
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“These differences persisted at 2-month follow-up (2.08 days for MBRP vs. 5.43 days for TAU).”
From Relapse prevention for addictive behaviors (2011) · cites this paper as [117]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Compared to TAU, MBRP participants reported significantly reduced craving, and increased acceptance and mindful awareness over the 4-month follow-up period, consistent with the core goals of MBRP.”
From Relapse prevention for addictive behaviors (2011) · cites this paper as [117]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Mindfulness-based interventions have demonstrated promise for supporting recovery and improving mental health for persons with substance use conditions (e.g. Refs. [11–21]).”
From Mindful moms: acceptability and impact of co-designed and digitally delivered video meditations for pregnant and parenting women with opioid use disorder (2025) · cites this paper as [11]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The foundation content of the meditations was based on Mindfulness Based Relapse Prevention [11].”
From Mindful moms: acceptability and impact of co-designed and digitally delivered video meditations for pregnant and parenting women with opioid use disorder (2025) · cites this paper as [11]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The total retention rate was 88.9%, which was above the 61% cut‐off, and was comparable to the original trial [17].”
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“MBRP average attendance in this study (4.59 sessions) was comparable to other studies (4.2–6.45 sessions) [17, 52, 53].”
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The trial that this study aimed to replicate had a retention rate of 61% at post‐intervention and 73% at 4‐month follow‐up [17].”
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“some authors have suggested that it is important to understand models of psychopathology by assessing the role of experiential avoidance as a mediator and/or moderator [31,32].”
From Cognitive fusion mediates the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and negative affects: A study in a sample of spanish children and adolescent school students (2019) · cites this paper as [32]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Mindfulness-based interventions have some success in treating SUD (Bowen et al., 2009, Witkiewitz et al., 2005, Zgierska et al., 2009)”
From Sensitive periods of substance abuse: Early risk for the transition to dependence (2017) · cites this paper as Bowen et al., 2009
In the citing paper
“In contrast to other health outcomes, the health-promoting effects of meditation are most pronounced for pain and pain-related comorbidities, including opioid addiction and misuse,155–158 stress,37, 138 depression,159–161 and anxiety.31, 162, 163”
From Mindfulness meditation-based pain relief: a mechanistic account (2016) · cites this paper as [157]
In the citing paper
“In contrast to other health outcomes, the health-promoting effects of meditation are most pronounced for pain and pain-related comorbidities, including opioid addiction and misuse,155–158 stress,37, 138 depression,159–161 and anxiety.31, 162, 163”
From Mindfulness meditation-based pain relief: a mechanistic account (2016) · cites this paper as [158]
In the citing paper
“trait mindfulness can be increased through mindfulness meditation training (Bowen et al., 2009; Carmody & Baer, 2008)”
From Five Facets of Mindfulness and Psychological Health: Evaluating a Psychological Model of the Mechanisms of Mindfulness (2015) · cites this paper as Bowen et al., 2009
In the citing paper
“Mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) is a novel approach to relapse prevention (a cognitive behavioral group therapy) (137).”
From Craving in Opioid Use Disorder: From Neurobiology to Clinical Practice (2019) · cites this paper as [137]
In the citing paper
“MBRP has been shown to reduce substance use compared with treatment as usual in patients with substance use disorders in both outpatient and residential settings (137–139).”
From Craving in Opioid Use Disorder: From Neurobiology to Clinical Practice (2019) · cites this paper as [137]
Statistics recomputed
Every reported test result, recomputed from its test statistic and degrees of freedom. A result shows as not adding up only once an independent check has confirmed it.
- Consistentχ²(1) = 5.51reported p = .02 · recomputed p = .019
“χ2 (1, N = 168) = 5.51, p = .02”
- Consistentχ²(1) = 0.631reported p = .43 · recomputed p = .427
“χ2 (1, N = 93) = .631, p = .43”
- Consistentχ²(7) = 97.72reported p < .001 · recomputed p < .001
“χ2 (7, N = 163) = 97.72,p < .001”
- Consistentχ²(7) = 135.14reported p < .001 · recomputed p < .001
“χ2 (7, N = 163) = 135.14, p < .001”
- Consistentχ²(7) = 37.6reported p < .001 · recomputed p < .001
“χ2 (7, N = 166) = 37.60, p < .001”
- Consistentχ²(7) = 16.25reported p = .02 · recomputed p = .023
“χ2 (7,N = 163) = 16.25, p = .02”
- Consistentχ²(7) = 13.03reported p = .07 · recomputed p = .071
“χ2 (7, N = 165) = 13.03, p = .07”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > RESULTS
“Approximately half identified as Caucasian (51.8%), followed by African American (28.6%), Multiracial (15.3%), and Native American (7.7%).”
§ Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial > RESULTS > Treatment Group Differences at Baseline
“the MBRP group consisted of a higher proportion of White participants (63%) than TAU (45%).”
Citations
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MethodUsing Self-Report Assessment Methods to Explore Facets of Mindfulness
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BackgroundPrevention of relapse/recurrence in major depression by mindfulness-based cognitive therapy.
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 401–500 of 714
Dethier, M. (2015) · Journal of Alcoholism and Drug Dependence · doi:10.4172/2329-6488.1000218 · Cited by 9
“, mindfulness [29,30]) is important to reduce distress caused by selfdiscrepancy.”
BackgroundChen, J., Yu, J., Cao, J., Xiao, Y., Gu, H., Zhong, R.-L., Ding, F., & Wang, Z. (2019) · Current Medical Science · doi:10.1007/s11596-019-2062-y · Cited by 9
Realize, Analyze, Engage (RAE): A Digital Tool to Support Recovery from Substance Use Disorder
Carreiro, S., Taylor, M., Shrestha, S., Reinhardt, M., Gilbertson, N., & Indic, P. (2021) · Journal of Psychiatry and Brain Science · doi:10.20900/jpbs.20210002 · Cited by 11
Raby, W. N., Heller, M., Milliaressis, D., Choi, C. J., Basaraba, C. N., Pavlicová, M., Alschuler, D. M., LEVIN, F. R., Church, S., & Nunes, E. V. (2021) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence Reports · doi:10.1016/j.dadr.2021.100016 · Cited by 9
Imani, S., Vahid, M. K. A., Gharraee, B., Habibi, M., Bowen, S. W., & Noroozi, A. (2015) · Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.17795/ijpbs216 · Cited by 9
“The program was tested and proved its effects in decreasing relapses in different groups of drug users, (21).”
BackgroundSelf-citationTreatment of problem gambling: development, status, and future
Wynn, J., Hudyma, A., Hauptman, E., Houston, T. N., & Faragher, J. M. (2014) · Drugs and Alcohol Today · doi:10.1108/dat-10-2013-0044 · Cited by 9
Ngô, T.-L. (2013) · Santé mentale au Québec · doi:10.7202/1023987ar · Cited by 9
Ugarte, C. A., Cruzat‐Mandich, C., Quiñones, Á., Díaz-Tendero, D., Gallegos, M., Gil, A. A., & Cepeda‐Benito, A. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1101120 · Cited by 7
Lee, M. Y., Eads, R., & Hoffman, J. (2021) · Journal of Family Violence · doi:10.1007/s10896-021-00329-7 · Cited by 9
Traditional, Alternative, and Harm Reduction Approaches: What Do Social Work Students Think?
Fillmore, S., & Hohman, M. M. (2015) · Journal of Social Work Practice in the Addictions · doi:10.1080/1533256x.2015.1056527 · Cited by 8
“The use of mindfulness or purposeful attention to one’s feelings and thoughts has been implemented into relapse prevention work (Bayles, 2014; Bowen et al., 2009; Witkiewitz, Marlatt, & Walker, 2005).”
MethodMindfulness Training for Emotional and Cognitive Health in Late Life
Smoski, M. J., McClintock, A. S., & Keeling, L. A. (2016) · Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1007/s40473-016-0097-y · Cited by 8
Applying Buddhist Practices to Recovery: What I Learned From Skiing With a Little Buddha Wisdom
Warren, J. A. (2012) · Journal of Addictions & Offender Counseling · doi:10.1002/j.2161-1874.2012.00003.x · Cited by 8
“Mindfulness skills can provide effective coping strategies in the face of high-risk situations (Bowen et al., 2009; Carlson & Larkin, 2009; Witkiewitz, Marlatt, & Walker, 2005; Zgierska & Marcus, 2010).”
BackgroundZullig, K. J., Lander, L. R., Sloan, S., Brumage, M. R., Hobbs, G. R., & Faulkenberry, L. (2017) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-017-0784-0 · Cited by 8
“undergone initial treatment and want to maintain treatment gains and develop a lifestyle further supporting recovery (Bowen et al. 2014; Bowen et al. 2009; Penberthy et al. 2015; Witkiewitz et al. 2013).”
BackgroundSchneegans, A., Bourgognon, F., Albuisson, É., Schwan, R., Arfa, M., Polli, L., Moulard, M., Laprévote, V., & Schwitzer, T. (2021) · L Encéphale · doi:10.1016/j.encep.2021.02.015 · Cited by 8
Elmquist, J., Shorey, R. C., Anderson, S. E., & Stuart, G. L. (2016) · Addiction Research & Theory · doi:10.1080/16066359.2016.1198475 · Cited by 8
“…stress reduction (MBSR) and mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP), are of particular importance and interest for this population, as MBSR and MBRP have shown efficacy in enhancing dispositional mindfulness among a variety of clinical populations (Bowen et al. 2009; Greeson et al. 2014).”
BackgroundMind-Body Practices and the Adolescent Brain: Clinical Neuroimaging Studies
Sharma, A. K., & Newberg, A. B. (2015) · Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.2174/2210676605666150311223728 · Cited by 8
“…interventions have been shown to improve outcomes in depression (Teasdale et al., 2000), anxiety disorders (Evans et al., 2008; Goldin & Gross, 2010; Kearney et al., 2013), substance abuse disorders (Bowen et al., 2009, Brewer et al., 2009) and pain syndromes (Kabat-Zinn, Lipworth, & Burney, 1985).”
BackgroundEffects of mindfulness meditation on human impulsivity: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Tsang, E. W., Gao, J., Lo, C. N., Trapp, N. T., Boes, A. D., & Sik, H. (2025) · Academia Mental Health and Well-Being · doi:10.20935/mhealthwellb7477 · Cited by 8
Qualitative Approaches to the Study of Substance and Behavioral Addictions
Simpson, K. A., & Bluthenthal, R. N. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.013 · Cited by 10
Evidence-based Behavioral Treatments for Substance Use Disorders
Glasner, S. V., & Drazdowski, T. K. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-54856-4.00010-9 · Cited by 8
Johnson, L. M., Elsegood, K. J., & Lennox, C. (2018) · Advances in Dual Diagnosis · doi:10.1108/add-07-2018-0009 · Cited by 7
McGeough, B. L., Aguilera, A., Capriotti, M. R., Obedin‐Maliver, J., Lubensky, M. E., Lunn, M. R., & Flentje, A. (2021) · Sexual and Gender Diversity in Social Services · doi:10.1080/10538720.2021.1886214 · Cited by 7
“…mechanisms because there are evidence-based interventions that target the mechanisms of suppression, social support, and alcohol use (e.g., Bowen et al., 2009; Magill & Ray, 2009; Teasdale et al., 2000), and thus, this model may be particularly valuable for informing the development of…”
BackgroundThe MET(T)A Protocol: Mindfulness and EMDR Treatment Template for Agencies
Dansiger, S., Chabra, R., Emmel, L., & Kovacs, J. (2020) · Substance Abuse Research and Treatment · doi:10.1177/1178221820977483 · Cited by 7
Brady, K. T., Killeen, T. K., & Baker, N. L. (2021) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2021.106393 · Cited by 8
Zhang, J., Chen, T., Tan, H., Wu, Q., Chen, L., Yuan, C., Ding, X., Zhang, L., Du, C., Li, J., et al. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-022-01882-y · Cited by 8
A Qualitative Study of Virtual Reality and Mindfulness for Substance Use Disorders
Holley, R., Moldow, E., Chaudhary, S., Gaumond, G., Hacker, R. L., Kahn, P., Boeldt, D. L., & Hubley, S. H. (2022) · Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science · doi:10.1007/s41347-022-00284-0 · Cited by 7
“…SUD aim to minimize the psychological burden of stress and the physical urge that often precipitates substance use, as well as improve awareness of cognitive and physiological processes associated with craving, substance seeking, and using substances (Bowen et al., 2009; Zimmerman et al., 2018).”
BackgroundCardiovascular responses to a laboratory stressor in women: Assessing the role of body awareness
Lustyk, M. K. B., Carroll, H. A., Bentley, J. A., & Gerrish, W. G. (2011) · Body Movement and Dance in Psychotherapy · doi:10.1080/17432979.2011.617522 · Cited by 7
“For instance, Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR; Kabat-Zinn, 1990 ) has been effective in treating patients with chronic pain and anxiety disorders; Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT; Segal, Teasdale, & Williams, 2002 ) has been shown to prevent depression relapse; and Mindfulness Based Relapse Preventi…”
BackgroundMindfulness and the Addictive Process: Psychological Models and Neurobiological Mechanisms
Brewer, J. A., Dam, N. T. V., & Davis, J. H. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2263-5_14 · Cited by 7
Addiction syndrome: Relapse and relapse prevention.
Hsu, S., & Marlatt, G. A. (2012) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/13750-005 · Cited by 7
Self-citationMindfulness at Work: How Mindfulness Training May Change the Way We Work
Rupprecht, S., & Walach, H. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-32331-2_22 · Cited by 7
“Furthermore, Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention helps prevent substance abuse relapse in people with addictions (Bowen et al. 2009), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy is for a wide range of psychological problems (Hayes et al.”
BackgroundCieslak, K. J., Hardy, L. E., Kyles, N. S., Miller, E. L., Mullins, B., Root, K. M., & Smith, C. M. (2016) · The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare · doi:10.15453/0191-5096.4047 · Cited by 7
“…techniques that have been studied to reduce stress, including mindfulness-based stress reduction (e.g., Kabat-Zinn, 1982), mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (e.g., Teasdale et al., 2000), mindfulness-based relapse prevention (e.g., Bowen et al., 2009), and yoga nidra (e.g., Miller, 2007).”
MethodEvaluating the Factor Structure of Each Facet of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire
Pelham, W. E., González, O., Metcalf, S. A., Whicker, C. L., Witkiewitz, K. A., Marsch, L. A., & MacKinnon, D. P. (2019) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-019-01235-2 · Cited by 11
Self-citationStress, Substance Use, and Yoga in the Context of Community Reentry Following Incarceration
Wimberly, A. S., & Engstrom, M. (2017) · Journal of Correctional Health Care · doi:10.1177/1078345817726536 · Cited by 7
Abbey, S. E. (2012) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674371205700201 · Cited by 7
Thurgur, H., Sessa, B., Higbed, L., O’Brien, S., Durant, C. F., Wilson, S. J., Szigeti, B., Morgan, C. J. A., & Nutt, D. J. (2025) · Alcohol and Alcoholism · doi:10.1093/alcalc/agaf031 · Cited by 6
“Another approach includes mindfulness interventions which may provide a further approach to support treatment through increased acceptance and acting with awareness (Bowen et al. 2009).”
Rosenthal, A., Haslacher, D., Garbusow, M., Pangratz, L., Apfel, B., Soekadar, S. R., Romanczuk‐Seiferth, N., & Beck, A. (2024) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-024-06085-4 · Cited by 7
“MBRP integrates core aspects of relapse prevention with techniques adapted from mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) [6, 7].”
MethodRelationship between levels of mindfulness and substance use pattern
Baptista, J. D. S., Leite, T. H., Ferreira, V. K. D. L., de Magalhães, L. D. S. P., Cruz, M. S., & Mathias, A. C. R. (2021) · Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria · doi:10.1590/0047-2085000000337 · Cited by 7
Zhai, J., Long, Y., Shi, J., Shi, D., Ren, Q., Zhao, M., & Du, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.819075 · Cited by 6
Wang, Y., Chen, C., Gu, L., Zhai, Y., Sun, Y., Gao, G., Xu, Y., Pang, L., & Xu, L.-Y. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.928940 · Cited by 6
The Relationship between Mindfulness and Readiness to Change in Alcohol Drinkers
Hamza, E. A., Yoon, A., Liu, L., Garg, A., Richard, Y., Frydecka, D., Helal, A. A., & Moustafa, A. A. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20095690 · Cited by 9
“[52] found that mindfulness-based relapse prevention was more effective than standard relapse prevention in reducing heavy drinking and increasing abstinence in individuals with alcohol use disorders.”
BackgroundResearch Findings Using Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Chronic Pain
Skaer, T. L. (2015) · Pain Studies and Treatment · doi:10.4236/pst.2015.34005 · Cited by 6
“Mindfulness-based programs have emerged as novel interventions for chronic pain management, behavior modification, depression, anxiety, stress, addictions treatment, and relapse prevention [18]-[20].”
Mundle, G., Bowen, S. W., Heinz, A., & Kienast, T. (2014) · SUCHT - Zeitschrift für Wissenschaft und Praxis / Journal of Addiction Research and Practice · doi:10.1024/0939-5911.a000289 · Cited by 6
Self-citationBrown, S. M., & Bellamy, J. L. (2017) · Advances in Social Work · doi:10.18060/21281 · Cited by 6
“…in reducing stress (Carlson, Speca, Patel, & Goodey, 2004; Williams, Kolar, Reger, & Pearson, 2001), trauma symptoms (Kimbrough et al., 2010; King et al., 2013), and substance misuse (Bowen et al., 2009), as well as improving parent-child interactions (Duncan, Coatsworth, & Greenberg, 2009a).”
BackgroundOpioid use remits, depression remains.
Varghese, S. P., Koola, M. M., Eiger, R., & Devens, M. (2014) · PubMed · Cited by 6
Neville, K. E., Black, A. T., & Fridman, R. (2020) · The Journal of Foot & Ankle Surgery · doi:10.1053/j.jfas.2020.08.003 · Cited by 7
“The 10 point Likert scale has been extensively applied across surveys for a wide variety of research questions and has been used to assess subjective impression of treatment efficacy (26,27).”
Clarke, P. B. (2012) · NC Digital Online Collection of Knowledge and Scholarship (The University of North Carolina at Greensboro) · Cited by 6
Can Mindfulness Make Prison a Healthier Place?
Maull, F. W., & Crisp, K. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-01030-0_10 · Cited by 6
Hammond, C. J., Webb, L., Lee, C. Y., Adegbindin, A., Park, G. S. H., Lebo, R. A., Nanavati, J., & Sibinga, E. M. S. (2026) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2025-070779 · Cited by 5
Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Systematic Review
Grant, S., Hempel, S., Colaiaco, B., Motala, A., Shanman, R., Booth, M. J., Dudley, W., & Sorbero, M. E. S. (2015) · RAND Corporation eBooks · doi:10.7249/rr1031 · Cited by 15
“, 2014), and three RCTs providing data on MBRP as a monotherapy (Bowen et al., 2009; Bowen et al., 2014; Brewer et al., 2009).”
BackgroundSchneider, B. C., Moritz, S., Hottenrott, B., Reimer, J., Andreou, C., & Jelinek, L. (2016) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.02.051 · Cited by 5
Moderation of relation between psychological risk factors and alcohol use by sex
Carroll, H. A., Rhew, I. C., & Larimer, M. E. (2019) · Women & Health · doi:10.1080/03630242.2019.1635559 · Cited by 5
“Burgeoning research has looked at mindfulness related to executive control as a strategy to prevent a variety of risk behaviors, including with alcohol and other substance use disorders (Bowen et al. 2009).”
BackgroundSelf-citationMindfulness: An effective technique for various psychological problems
Pratikta, A. C. (2020) · ProGCouns Journal of Professionals in Guidance and Counseling · doi:10.21831/progcouns.v1i1.30605 · Cited by 5
Substance and Behavioral Addictions Assessment Instruments
Grigsby, T. J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.012 · Cited by 6
Mindfulness no contexto dos transtornos mentais: uma revisão integrativa
Pinho, P. H., Carnevalli, L. M., Santos, R. O., & Lacerda, L. C. S. D. (2020) · SMAD Revista Eletrônica Saúde Mental Álcool e Drogas (Edição em Português) · doi:10.11606/issn.1806-6976.smad.2020.166027 · Cited by 5
Reese, E. D., Kane, L. F., Paquette, C. E., Frӧhlich, F., & Daughters, S. B. (2021) · Current Addiction Reports · doi:10.1007/s40429-021-00382-8 · Cited by 5
Stevens, A. K., Blanchard, B. E., Sokolovsky, A. W., Gunn, R. L., WHITE, H. R., & Jackson, K. M. (2021) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/acer.14693 · Cited by 5
Comparing Mindfulness-Based Group Therapy With Treatment as Usual for Opioid Dependents
Imani, S., Vahid, M. K. A., Gharraee, B., Habibi, M., Bowen, S. W., & Noroozi, A. (2015) · Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.5812/ijpbs.216 · Cited by 5
Self-citationThe Effectiveness of Mindfulness Therapy in Controlling under Treatment Addicts’ Drug Cravings
Iranshahri, B., & Jenaabadi, H. (2015) · Open Journal of Medical Psychology · doi:10.4236/ojmp.2015.43009 · Cited by 5
“on the effectiveness of mindfulness relapse prevention indicated that people who had received mindfulness intervention and did detoxification had less relapse within 4 months [21].”
BackgroundMild Traumatic Brain Injury and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction: A Review
Link, J. S., Barker, T., Serpa, S., Pinjala, M., Oswald, T. H., & Lashley, L. K. (2016) · NSUWorks (Nova Southeastern University) · Cited by 5
The Role of Experiential Avoidance in Trauma, Substance Abuse, and Other Experiences
Pepper, S. E. (2012) · University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas) · doi:10.12794/metadc149651 · Cited by 5
Psychedelics and Mindfulness: A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisPreprint
Radakovic, C., Radaković, R., Peryer, G., & Geere, J. (2021) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/yu7jf · Cited by 5
Goldberg, S. B., Tucker, R. P., Greene, P. A., Simpson, T. L., Hoyt, W. T., Kearney, D. J., & Davidson, R. J. (2019) · MindRxiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31231/osf.io/p8gew · Cited by 5
Kraemer, K. M., O'Bryan, E. M., Johnson, A. L., & McLeish, A. C. (2017) · Substance Abuse · doi:10.1080/08897077.2017.1340394 · Cited by 4
Mindfulness Approaches to Psychological Disorders
Morgan, L. P. K., Danitz, S. B., Roemer, L., & Orsillo, S. M. (2016) · Encyclopedia of Mental Health · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-397045-9.00264-0 · Cited by 4
Killeen, T. K., Baker, N. L., Davis, L. L., Bowen, S., & Brady, K. T. (2023) · Journal of Substance Use and Addiction Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.josat.2023.209116 · Cited by 4
Self-citationLiu, X., Zhang, Y., Cheng, H., Dong, H., You, Y., Wu, Y., Yang, C., & Jing, L. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1339517 · Cited by 4
“This fi nding is consistent with a previous study by Brewer et al., which also reported signi fi cant increases in FFMQ scores over time for treatment completers in the mindfulness training group based on MBRP (19).”
ResultEfficacy of Mindfulness Meditation as a Therapeutic Tool in Problematic Pornography Consumption
Pareek, S., Jain, G., & Gupta, R. K. (2023) · Sexual Health & Compulsivity · doi:10.1080/26929953.2023.2270620 · Cited by 6
“Through this understanding and calm acceptance, they can alter maladaptive behavioral patterns (Bowen et al., 2009).”
BackgroundMumba, M. N., Mugoya, G. C. T., Allen, R. S., Glenn, A. L., Richman, J., Ghera, A., Butler, A., Rogers, B., Granger, T. A., & Davis, L. L. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1330672 · Cited by 4
“Bowen et al. (9) over 50% of their sample reported educational attainment of high school diploma/GED or lower, and higher rates of unemployment compared to our study participants.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialAmen-Ra, N. S.-S. (2014) · Alternative & Integrative Medicine · doi:10.4172/2327-5162.1000148 · Cited by 4
Strategies for Reducing Antipsychotic Polypharmacy
Schuman‐Olivier, Z., Noordsy, D. L., & Brunette, M. F. (2013) · Journal of Dual Diagnosis · doi:10.1080/15504263.2013.778767 · Cited by 6
“…relapse prevention or treatment as usual, those randomized to mindfulness-based relapse prevention had significantly fewer days of substance use at end of treatment and at 2 months post-treatment; however, by 4 months post-treatment both groups had similar outcomes (Bowen et al., 2009).”
BackgroundResultGaihre, A., Rajesh, S. K., Bista, S., Poudel, L., Khadka, R., & Rajbhandari, B. (2021) · Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine · doi:10.1515/jcim-2020-0506 · Cited by 4
Abdelaal, H. M., & El‐Ashry, A. M. (2024) · Archives of Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2024.10.008 · Cited by 6
Shorey, R. C., Anderson, S. T., Lookatch, S. J., Moore, T. M., & Stuart, G. L. (2014) · Substance Abuse · doi:10.1080/08897077.2014.935841 · Cited by 4
“Given the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions for substance use among adults in substance use treatment [20], as well as mindfulness-based interventions for anxiety in general [13], future research should determine whether such interventions are efficacious for young adults with substance use disorders.”
BackgroundMermelstein, L. C. (2013) · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network) · Cited by 4
Mindfulness in the Treatment of Adolescents with Problem Substance Use
Cohen, M. G., Wupperman, P., & Tau, G. Z. (2013) · Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.2174/2210676611303020008 · Cited by 4
Distress intolerance in the parents of substance dependent patients
Ekinci, S., & Kural, H. U. (2016) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.12.026 · Cited by 4
Cultural Considerations When Treating Anxiety Disorders with Mindfulness-Based Interventions
Hazlett‐Stevens, H. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-32229-8_20 · Cited by 4
Prevention and Treatment of Sex Addiction
Reid, R. C., Grubbs, J. B., & Kraus, S. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.025 · Cited by 4
Asadabad, R. A., Imani, S., Fathabadi, J., Noroozi, A., & Alizadehgoradel, J. (2022) · international journal high risk behaviors & addiction · doi:10.5812/ijhrba.117042 · Cited by 4
“The inclusion criteria were (1) being 20 - 45 years old, (2) having at least a high school diploma, (3) getting a negative urine test for opioid use, (4) meeting the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM)-5 criteria for OUD, and (5) signing the informed consent form.”
BackgroundMethodHernandez‐Vallant, A., Votaw, V. R., Herron, J. L., Stein, E., Swan, J. E., Ulrich, D. M., Blackwell, M. A., & McCrady, B. S. (2023) · Psychological Services · doi:10.1037/ser0000738 · Cited by 4
Donate, A. P. G., de Macedo, E. C., Bedendo, A., Félix-Junior, I. J., Gallo, G. G., Opaleye, E. S., & Noto, A. R. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0293502 · Cited by 7
“Also, lower rates of substance use by patients have been observed during and after the MBRP intervention [13, 17], as well as less severe substance use disorders were observed compared to TAU [18].”
BackgroundResultInfluentialA Brief History of Mindfulness in Addictions Treatment
Johnson, R. L. L. (2019) · International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling · doi:10.1007/s10447-019-09372-y · Cited by 4
The Six R’s Framework as Mindfulness for Suicide Prevention
Le, T. N., Kielburger, L. C., & Buddharakkhita, B. (2018) · Advances in mental health and addiction · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-03225-8_11 · Cited by 4
Massarwi, A. A., Cluver, L. D., Meinck, F., Doubt, J., Lachman, J. M., Shenderovich, Y., & Green, O. (2021) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-021-11651-6 · Cited by 4
(2014) · Cited by 4
Efficacy of octreotide in the control of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
Kullavanuaya, P., Manotaya, S., Thong‐Ngam, D., Mahachai, V., & Kladchareon, N. (2001) · PubMed · Cited by 4
Incorporating Mindfulness Practice for Better Performance in Work and Daily Life
Urcola‐Pardo, F. (2023) · Integrated science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-15959-6_16 · Cited by 5
Mindfulness Training Targets Addiction at the Attention‐Emotion Interface:A Neurocognitive Framework
Garland, E. L., & Froeliger, B. (2014) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118294895.ch40 · Cited by 4
Machado, M. P. A., Opaleye, E. S., Bedendo, A., Bowen, S., & Noto, A. R. (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1381489 · Cited by 3
“Clinical trials have shown the benefits of this protocol in respect of reducing the number of days of use, the amounts of alcohol or other drugs consumed, the risk of relapse compared with standard Relapse Prevention or usual treatment (psychoeducational or twelve-step) (11–13).”
Self-citationRiya, Kumar, N., & Chandel, N. (2025) · Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1177/02537176241246332 · Cited by 3
Legenbauer, T., Baldus, C., Jörke, C. M., Kaffke, L., Pepić, A., Daubmann, A., Zapf, A., Holtmann, M. H., Arnaud, N., & Thomasius, R. (2024) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-024-02465-z · Cited by 3
“…stabilize cognitive and emotional functioning (e.g. [ 16]), improve coping mechanisms (e.g. [ 17]), and reduce stress-related cravings [18]. e. g. by bringing the attention to automated and uncontrolled habits that are linked to substance craving and use, these behaviours can be modified [19, 20].”
Billaux, P., Cabé, N., Desmedt, O., Billieux, J., Herman, A. M., Jakubczyk, A., Kopera, M., Lanièpce, A., Leganes‐Fonteneau, M., Wiśniewski, P., et al. (2025) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/acer.70087 · Cited by 5
Associations of thalamocortical networks with reduced mindfulness in alcohol use disorder
Denier, N., Soravia, L. M., Moggi, F., Stein, M., Grieder, M., Federspiel, A., Kupper, Z., Wiest, R., & Bracht, T. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1123204 · Cited by 3
Madde Bağımlılığı ve Farkındalık Terapisi: Tedavi Yöntemleri ve Örnek Sosyal Hizmet Uygulaması
Şen, Z. Ş., Danış, M. Z., & Kutlu, İ. (2025) · International Journal of Social Inquiry · doi:10.37093/ijsi.1650018 · Cited by 3
Gaming Disorder and Its Treatment
Griffiths, M. D., Kuss, D. J., & Pontes, H. M. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.029 · Cited by 6
Somohano, V. C., Shank, T. M., Manuel, J., Mallik, D., Rehder, K. L., & Bowen, S. W. (2021) · The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine · doi:10.1089/acm.2021.0123 · Cited by 3
Self-citationAn evaluation of a brief guided mindfulness workshop with older adults: A qualitative study
Redden, J. M., Korol, S., & Vassallo, T. (2021) · Mental Health & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.mhp.2021.200215 · Cited by 3
Szerman, N., Carlos, P., Pinet, C., Martínez-Raga, J., Basurte, I., & Sáiz, P. A. (2022) · Actas Españolas de Psiquiatría · Cited by 4
Lai, Y., Lee, K., & Huang, T.-W. (2023) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-023-04529-w · Cited by 3
“Stress reduction in MBRP get coping with medical issues better, especially for long-term medical issues of using illicit drugs (Bowen et al., 2009).”
Mindfulness mechanisms in alcohol use: Comparing top-down and bottom-up processes.
Skrzynski, C. J., Bryan, A. D., & Hutchison, K. E. (2023) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/adb0000932 · Cited by 4
Metadata
- Authors
- Bowen, S., Chawla, N., Collins, S. E., Witkiewitz, K., Hsu, S., Grow, J., Clifasefi, S., Garner, M., Douglass, A., Larimer, M. E., & Marlatt, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- University of Washington Tacoma (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bowen, Sarah
- Venue
- Substance Abuse
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2009-10
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 295-305
- ISSN
- 0889-7077 (ISSN-L)
- 1547-0164
- PMC
- PMC3280682
- OpenAlex
- W2091260500
- Cited by
- 715
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 56 · 2020: 76 · 2019: 54 · 2018: 43 · 2017: 47 · 2016: 49 · 2015: 62 · 2014: 76 · 2013: 50 · 2012: 35
- FWCI
- 16.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Substance Abuse (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- University of Washington Tacoma Digital Commons (University of Washington Tacoma) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R21DA010562, R21DA019562)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Keywords
- mindfulness-based relapse prevention, substance use disorders, follow-up care, relapse prevention, craving, acceptance, acting with awareness, usual care, outpatient care, feasibility
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Attention, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Compliance, Patient Dropouts, Pilot Projects, Psychotherapy, Behavior, Addictive, Treatment Outcome, Patient Satisfaction, Meditation, Substance-Related Disorders, Secondary Prevention
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