An intermittent hypercaloric diet alters gut microbiota, prefrontal cortical gene expression and social behaviours in rats
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Abstract
Abstract Excessive consumption of high fat and high sugar (HFHS) diets are known to alter reward processing and aspects of behaviour, and change microbiota profiles. Studies in gnotobiotic mice also provide evidence that gut microorganisms influence social behaviour. To further investigate these interactions, the impact of intermittent access to a HFHS diet on social behaviour, gene expression and microbiota composition was examined. Rats were permitted intermittent daily access (2h / day) to a palatable HFHS diet for 28 days across the adolescent period. Social interaction, social memory and novel object recognition were assessed during this period. Following testing, RT-PCR was conducted on hippocampal and prefrontal cortex (PFC) samples. 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing was used for identification and relative quantification of bacterial taxa. Reduced social interaction behaviours, and impaired social memory and novel object recognition were observed in HFHS diet rats. Reduced levels of monoamine oxidase A (Maoa), catechol-O-methyltransferase (Comt) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) mRNA were observed in the PFC of HFHS diet rats. The relative abundance of a number of specific taxa differed significantly between the two diet groups, in particular, Lachnospiraceae and Ruminoccoceae bacteria, which also predicted social behaviours, novel object recognition performance and Maoa expression. This is the first study to show that limited daily access to HFHS diet alters social behaviour and cognition in rats. Furthermore, behavioural changes are associated with alterations to cortical gene expression of enzymes involved in monoamine synthesis and neuroplasticity, and microbiota profiles predicted diet-induced changes to behaviour and gene expression.
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Feeding high-fat, high-sucrose, or high-caloric diets results in unfavorable changes in microbiota composition with adverse effects on cognition and behavior.
“Feeding high-fat, high-sucrose, or high-caloric diets results in unfavorable changes in the microbiota composition (e.g., an increase in the abundance of Firmicutes and a decrease in the abundance of Bacteroidetes, and higher percentages of Clostridiales and Bacteroidales) with adverse effects on cognition and behavior, as evidenced by decreases in memory function, poorer cognitive flexibility, or”
From Diet and the Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: Sowing the Seeds of Good Mental Health (2021) · cites this paper as [315]
In rats, intermittent access to a high-fat high-sucrose diet impaired social and object recognition.
“Impaired social and object | recognition in HFHS diet”
From Diet and the Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: Sowing the Seeds of Good Mental Health (2021) · cites this paper as [315]
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- Authors
- Reichelt, A. C., Loughman, A., Bernard, A., Raipuria, M., Abbott, K. N., Dachtler, J., Van, T. T. H., & Moore, R. J.
- Affiliations
- Western University (CA)
- Deakin University (AU)
- University of Glasgow (GB)
- UNSW Sydney (AU)
- Durham University (GB)
- RMIT University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Reichelt, Amy C.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nutritional Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2018-11-22
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 613-627
- ISSN
- 1028-415X (ISSN-L)
- 1476-8305
- OpenAlex
- W2804944199
- Cited by
- 49
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 6
- FWCI
- 1.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- Locations
- Nutritional Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Durham Research Online (Durham University) (acceptedVersion)
- ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Durham Research Online (Durham University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- RMIT Research Repository (RMIT University Library) (submittedVersion)
- Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Figshare (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Australian Research Council
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, prefrontal cortex gene expression, social behavior, social interaction, social memory, novel object recognition, monoamine oxidase A, catechol-O-methyltransferase, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, Lachnospiraceae, adolescent rats, reward processing, neuroplasticity
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Dietary Sugars, Animals, Eating, Hippocampus, Male, Social Behavior, Gene Expression, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Prefrontal Cortex, Diet, High-Fat
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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