Treating neurodegeneration by modifying mitochondria: potential solutions to a “complex” problem
Abstract
Mitochondria function differently in aged brains than they do in young brains. Consistently reported changes include reduced electron transport chain (ETC) enzyme activities, reduced phosphorylation of ADP, and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Various neurodegenerative diseases are also associated with changes in mitochondrial function, and these changes both recapitulate and extend those seen in "normal" aging. Unfortunately, attempts to treat neurodegenerative diseases by treating mitochondria-related pathology have thus far minimally impacted affected patients. A better understanding of how mitochondrial function changes in aging and neurodegenerative diseases, though, now suggests new approaches to mitochondrial therapy may prove more efficacious. Increasing ETC capacity, increasing oxidative phosphorylation, or decreasing mitochondrial ROS may yet prove useful for the treatment of brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases, and accomplishing this seems increasingly feasible. This review will discuss the role of mitochondrial function and dysfunction in aging and neurodegenerative diseases, and will focus on potential treatment strategies.
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Mitochondrial dysfunction initiates LOAD.
“Finally, as we believe mitochondrial dysfunction initiates LOAD, we would instead advocate developing mitochondrial or bioenergetic medicine approaches for the treatment of LOAD [263-266].”
From The Alzheimer’s disease mitochondrial cascade hypothesis: progress and perspectives (2014) · cites this paper as [263]
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BackgroundMammalian Mitochondrial Complex I: Biogenesis, Regulation, and Reactive Oxygen Species Generation
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Mitochondrial medicine and the neurodegenerative mitochondriopathies
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- Authors
- Swerdlow, R. H.
- Affiliations
- University of Virginia Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Swerdlow, Russell H.
- ORCID
- Swerdlow, Russell H.
- Venue
- Antioxidants & Redox Signaling
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2007-10
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1591-1604
- ISSN
- 1523-0864 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-7716
- OpenAlex
- W2070110482
- Cited by
- 81
- References
- 183
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 3.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Antioxidants and Redox Signaling (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG022407, R01AG22407)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Keywords
- mitochondrial dysfunction, neurodegenerative diseases, brain aging, electron transport chain, oxidative phosphorylation, reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial therapy, ADP phosphorylation, mitochondria-targeted antioxidants
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Humans, Mitochondria, Neurodegenerative Diseases
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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