CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 2,201Embodied and Extended CognitionCybernetics and Technology in SocietyPhilosophy and Theoretical Science

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 221 of the 221 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Supersizing the Mind: Embodiment, Action, and Cognitive Extension

Clark, Andy·2008
DOI 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195333213.001.0001
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Studies of mind, thought, and reason have tended to marginalize the role of bodily form, real-world action, and environmental backdrop. In recent years, both in philosophy and cognitive science, this tendency has been identified and, increasingly, resisted. The result is a plethora of work on what has become known as embodied, situated, distributed, and even ‘extended’ cognition. Work in this new, loosely-knit field depicts thought and reason as in some way inextricably tied to the details of our gross bodily form, our habits of action and intervention, and the enabling web of social, cultural, and technological scaffolding in which we live, move, learn, and think. But exactly what kind of link is at issue? And what difference might such a link or links make to our best philosophical, psychological, and computational models of thought and reason? These are among the large unsolved problems in this increasingly popular field. This book offers both a tour of the emerging landscape, and an argument in favour of one approach to the key issues. That approach combines the use of representational, computational, and information-theoretic tools with an appreciation of the importance of context, timing, biomechanics, and dynamics. More controversially, it depicts some coalitions of biological and non-biological resources as the extended cognitive circuitry of individual minds.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195333213.001.0001

Cites

221 of 221 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Show all 221 references

Research works printed but not linked: 89

  1. Baddeley,, 1986, Working memory
  2. Bisiach,, 1978, Cortex
  3. Blake,, 1992, Active vision
  4. 2005, Journal of Philosophy
  5. Boysen,, 1996, 10.1037/0097-7403.22.1.76 · DOI
  6. Bridgeman,, 1983, Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society
  7. Burge,, 1979, Midwest studies in philosophy
  8. Carmena,, 2003, Public Library of Sciences: Biology
  9. Chapman,, 1968, Scientific American
  10. Churchland,, 1989, The neurocomputational perspective
  11. 1999, Journal of Consciousness Studies
  12. 2001, Philosophical Review
  13. 2005, Philosophers explore the matrix
  14. 2001, Behavioral and Brain Sciences
  15. Clowes, R. W., and A. F. Morse. 2005. Scaffolding cognition with words. In L. Berthouze, F. Kaplan, H. Kozima, Y. Yano, J. Konczak, G. Metta, J. Nadel, G. Sandini, G. Stojanov, and C. Balkenius, (eds.), Proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop on Epigenetic Robotics: Modeling Cognitive Development in Robotic Systems. Lund University Cognitive Studies, Lund, Sweden 101–105.
  16. Collins, S. H., and A. Ruina. 2005. A bipedal walking robot with efficient and human‐like gait. Proceedings IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Barcelona, Spain.
  17. Collins,, 2001, International Journal of Robotics Research
  18. Damasio,, 1994, Descartes' error
  19. 1999, The feeling of what happens
  20. Dehaene,, 1997, The number sense
  21. 1987, The intentional stance
  22. 1991, Consciousness explained
  23. 1996, Kinds of minds
  24. 1998, Language and thought: Interdisciplinary themes
  25. 2000, Metarepresentations: A multidisciplinary perspective
  26. 2003, Freedom evolves
  27. 2001, A mind so rare
  28. Dretske,, 1996, Philosophical Issues
  29. 2006, Perceptual Experience
  30. Dreyfus,, 2000, Mind over machine
  31. Elman,, 1995, Mind as motion
  32. Fitzpatrick, P., G. Metta, L. Natale, S. Rao, and G. Sandini. 2003. Learning about objects through action: Initial steps towards artificial cognition. In 2003 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), May 12–17, Taipei, Taiwan.
  33. 1983, The modularity of mind
  34. 1994, The elm and the expert
  35. Fuller,, 1961, Tensegrity., Portfolio and Artnews Annual
  36. Gallagher,, 1998, The body and the self
  37. Gertler,, 2007, Arguing about the mind
  38. Gleick,, 1993, Genius: The life and times of Richard Feynman
  39. 2001, Behavioral and Brain Sciences
  40. Gray,, 2004, 10.1016/j.cogsci.2003.12.001 · DOI · Paper page
  41. Gregory,, 1981, Mind in science: A history of explanations in psychology
  42. 1998, Having thought: Essays in the metaphysics of mind
  43. Heidegger,, 1927, Being and time
  44. Husserl,, 1907, Thing and space
  45. Ismael,, 2006, The situated self
  46. Kelso,, 1995, Dynamic patterns
  47. Kirsh, D. 1995a. Complementary strategies: Why we use our hands when we think. In Proceedings of the 17th annual conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
  48. 1994, Cognitive Science, 10.1016/0364-0213(94)90007-8 · DOI · Paper page
  49. Lakoff,, 1980, Metaphors we live by
  50. Logan,, 2000, The sixth language
  51. Maglio, P., T. Matlock, D. Raphaely, B. Chernicky, and D. Kirsh. 1999. Interactive skill in Scrabble. In Proceedings of 21st annual conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
  52. Maglio, P. P., and M. J. Wenger. 2000. Two views are better than one: Epistemic actions may prime. In Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
  53. ———. 2002. On the potential of epistemic actions for self‐cuing: Multiple orientations can prime 2D shape recognition and use. In Proceedings of the 24th annual conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Mahwah, NJ. Erlbaum.
  54. Maglio, P. P., M. J. Wenger, and A. M. Copeland. 2003. The benefits of epistemic action outweigh the costs. In Proceedings of the 25th annual conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
  55. McClelland,, 1986, Parallel distributed processing
  56. McConkie, G. W. 1991. Perceiving a stable visual world. In Proceedings of the sixth European Conference on Eye Movements, ed. J. Van Rensbergen, M. Devijver, and G. d'Ydewalle. Belgium: University of Leuven.
  57. McHugh,, 1992, China Mountain Zhang
  58. McNeill,, 1992, Hand and mind
  59. Meltzoff,, 1997, Early Development and Parenting, 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0917(199709/12)6:3/4〈179::AID-EDP157〉3.0.CO;2-R · DOI
  60. Milner,, 1995, The visual brain in action
  61. Mussa‐Ivaldi,, 2003, Trends in Cognitive Sciences
  62. Neth, H., and S. J. Payne. 2002. Thinking by doing? Epistemic actions in the Tower of Hanoi. In Proceedings of the 24th annual conference of the Cognitive Science Society, ed. W. D. Gray and C. D. Schunn. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
  63. Noë,, 2004, Action in perception
  64. 2006, Perceptual experience
  65. 1993, Things that make us smart
  66. 1999, The invisible computer
  67. O'Reilly,, 2000
  68. Odling‐Smee,, 2003, Niche construction
  69. Paul, C. 2004. Morphology and computation. In From animals to animats: Proceedings of the eighth international conference on the Simulation of Adaptive Behavior, Los Angeles, ed. S. Schaal, A. J. Ijspeert, A. Billard, S. Vijayakumar, J. Hallam, and J.-A. Meyer. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  70. Pinker,, 1997, How the mind works
  71. Port,, 1995, Mind as motion: Dynamics, behavior, and cognition
  72. Putnam,, 1960, Dimensions of mind
  73. 1967, Art, mind and religion
  74. Reisberg,, 2001, Cognition
  75. Richardson, D. C., and R. Dale. 2004. Looking to understand: The coupling between speakers' and listeners' eye movements and its relationship to discourse comprehension. Proceedings of the 26th annual meeting of the Cognitive Science Society. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
  76. Rupert,, 2004, Journal of Philosophy
  77. Ryle,, 1949, The concept of mind
  78. Semendeferi,, 2001, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 10.1002/1096-8644(200103)114:3〈224::AID-AJPA1022〉3.0.CO;2-I · DOI
  79. Shapiro,, 2004, The mind incarnate
  80. Sheets‐Johnstone,, 1999, Journal of Consciousness Studies
  81. Sirigu,, 1995, Cortex
  82. Smith,, 2001, Language acquisition and conceptual development
  83. Sporns, O., and M. Lungarella. 2006. Evolving coordinated behavior by maximizing information structure. In Proceedings of the 10th international conference on artificial life. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  84. Sur,, 1999, Journal of Neurobiology, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4695(199910)41:1〈33::AID-NEU6〉3.0.CO;2-1 · DOI
  85. Thompson, 2000, Cognitive Science, 10.1016/S0364-0213(00)00029-X · DOI
  86. Townsend,, 1978, Cognitive theory
  87. Tucker,, 1975, American Scientist
  88. Ullman,, 1984, Image understanding
  89. Vygotsky,, 1962, 10.1037/11193-000 · DOI

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Clark, A.
Affiliations
University of Edinburgh (GB)
Corresponding author
Clark, Andy
ORCID
Clark, Andy
Publisher
Oxford University PressNew York
Published
2008-12-01
DOI
10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195333213.001.0001
OpenAlex
W4232897512
Cited by
2,201
References
221
Citations by year
2026: 171 · 2025: 173 · 2024: 107 · 2023: 99 · 2022: 113 · 2021: 131 · 2020: 173 · 2019: 149 · 2018: 163 · 2017: 152 · 2016: 105 · 2015: 135 · 2014: 125 · 2013: 122 · 2012: 112
FWCI
27.78
Type
book
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
DIAL (Catholic University of Leuven) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Embodied and Extended Cognition
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › Cybernetics and Technology in Society
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Philosophy and Theoretical Science
Keywords
embodied cognition, situated cognition, distributed cognition, extended mind, mind-body problem, cognitive modeling, information theory, biomechanics

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review