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Cited by 232Diet, Metabolism, and DiseaseDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsNutritional Studies and Diet

Effects of low-fat, high-carbohydrate diets on risk factors for ischemic heart disease in postmenopausal women

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Jeppesen, J, Schaaf, P, Jones, C, Zhou, MY, Chen, YD, Reaven, GM·1997·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
DOI 10.1093/ajcn/65.4.1027
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Abstract

The effects of variations in dietary carbohydrate and fat on various aspects of carbohydrate and lipoprotein metabolism were evaluated in 10 healthy, postmenopausal women. The two diets were isoenergetic, assigned in random fashion, and consisted (as a % of total energy) of 15% protein, 60% carbohydrate, and 25% fat (60%-carbohydrate diet) or 15% protein, 40% carbohydrate, and 45% fat (40%-carbohydrate diet). Fasting plasma triacylglycerol, very-low-density-lipoprotein (VLDL) triacylglycerol, and VLDL-cholesterol concentrations were higher (P < 0.05-0.001) after the 60%-carbohydrate diet, whereas high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was lower (P < 0.05). Plasma insulin and triacylglycerol concentrations were also higher (P < 0.001) from 0800 to 0000 with the 60%-carbohydrate diet than with the 40%-carbohydrate diet. In addition, when vitamin A was given with the noon meal, the ensuing concentrations of retinyl palmitate were also higher after ingestion of the 60%-carbohydrate diet. Resistance to insulin-mediated glucose disposal, quantified at baseline by determining the steady state plasma glucose (SSPG) concentration at the end of a 180-min infusion of somatostatin, insulin, and glucose, correlated with the incremental increases in postprandial concentrations of plasma glucose (r = 0.68, P = 0.06), insulin (r = 0.82, P < 0.02), triacylglycerol (r = 0.77, P < 0.05), and retinyl palmitate (r = 0.68, P = 0.06) and with the Sf > 400 triacylglycerol (r = 0.77, P < 0.05), Sf 20-400 triacylglycerol (r = 0.72, P < 0.05), and Sf > 400 retinyl palmitate (r = 0.75, P < 0.01) lipoprotein fractions. Because all of these changes would increase risk of ischemic heart disease in postmenopausal women, it seems reasonable to question the wisdom of recommending that postmenopausal women consume low-fat, high-carbohydrate diets.

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Authors
Jeppesen, J., Schaaf, P., Jones, C., Zhou, M., Chen, Y., & Reaven, G.
Affiliations
Stanford Medicine (US)
ORCID
Jeppesen, J
Venue
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1997-04
Volume
65
Issue
4
Pages
1027-1033
ISSN
0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1093/ajcn/65.4.1027
OpenAlex
W1831066255
Cited by
232
References
51
Citations by year
2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 13
FWCI
8.54
Type
journal article
Language
en
Update notices
erratum (1997-08-01)
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL08506)
  • National Center for Research Resources (RR 00 070, M01RR000070)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
Keywords
low-fat high-carbohydrate diet, dietary carbohydrates, dietary fat, postmenopausal women, ischemic heart disease risk factors, lipoprotein metabolism, HDL cholesterol, insulin resistance, insulin-stimulated glucose disposal, postprandial lipemia, retinyl palmitate, vitamin A, plasma insulin, plasma triglycerides
MeSH terms
Retinyl Esters, Aged, Blood Glucose, Cholesterol, Dietary Carbohydrates, Dietary Fats, Diterpenes, Female, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Cholesterol, HDL, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Triglycerides, Vitamin A, Myocardial Ischemia, Postmenopause, Diet, Fat-Restricted, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Lipid Metabolism

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