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Polyphenols and disease risk in epidemiologic studies
Open accessAbstract
Plant polyphenols, a large group of natural antioxidants, are serious candidates in explanations of the protective effects of vegetables and fruits against cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Epidemiologic studies are useful for evaluation of the human health effects of long-term exposure to physiologic concentrations of polyphenols, but reliable data on polyphenol contents of foods are still scarce. The aim of this review is to summarize available epidemiologic data on the health effects of polyphenols, focusing on the flavonoid subclasses of flavonols, flavones, and catechins and on lignans. Data obtained to date suggest beneficial effects of both flavonoids and lignans on cardiovascular diseases but not on cancer, with the possible exception of lung cancer. There is a need for more research on stroke and lung diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Most studies to date have included only flavonols and flavones. With data becoming available for other polyphenols, these compounds should be included in future studies. Careful design of prospective studies is important to offset some of the major drawbacks of epidemiologic studies, including residual confounding (by smoking and other dietary factors) and exposure assessment.
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“In humans, it was shown that there is a correlation between dietary phenolic compound intake and a reduced incidence of chronic diseases such as cancers, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases (Arts and Hollman, 2005)”
From Cannabis sativa: The Plant of the Thousand and One Molecules (2016) · cites this paper as Arts and Hollman, 2005
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“epidemiological investigations revealed an inverse correlation between the intake of flavanol-containing foods and coronary artery disease (CAD) mortality (1).”
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“These flavonoids, including a diverse family of polyphenols, have been proven with health-promoting effects especially in preventing various human pathological risks (88, 89).”
BackgroundFunctional Properties and Postharvest Utilization of Commercial and Noncommercial Banana Cultivars
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“The two main molecules that regulate translocation of GLUT4 and adipokines secretion are PI3K and AMPK [138, 139].”
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Quercetin protects against ethanol-induced oxidative damage in rat primary hepatocytes
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“…in the plant kingdom and have been considered as protectants against cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases and neurodegenerative disorders (Geleijnse et al., 2002; Arts and Hollman, 2005), all of which are associated with oxidative stress induced by ROS (Ratnam et al., 2006).”
BackgroundAntioxidant Capacities of Flavones and Benefits in Oxidative-Stress Related Diseases
Catarino, M. D., Alves-Silva, J. M., Pereira, O. R., & Cardoso, S. M. (2014) · Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/1568026615666141209144506 · Cited by 91
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“Specifically, studies have shown that intakes of flavonols, flavones, and flavanals have helped to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and anthocyanin intake has helped to reduce the number of deaths attributed to cardiovascular disease (Arts and Hollman, 2005).”
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“Flavonoids constitute a large class of natural polyphenolic compounds that are found in various fruits and vegetables, and epidemiologic studies suggest that diets rich in flavonoids can reduce the risk of arterial thrombosis.(2) Benefit may derive from a number of mechanisms including inhibition of platelet activatio…”
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“] - that can be protonated at low pH to H2O2, [ .”
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Phenols from olive mill wastewater and other natural antioxidants as UV filters in sunscreens
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MICROENCAPSULATION AND FUNCTIONAL BIOACTIVE FOODS
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Flavonoids, Proanthocyanidins, and Cancer Risk: A Network of Case-Control Studies From Italy
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Flavonoid engineering of flax potentiate its biotechnological application
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“A great number of animal model and human studies suggest that a higher intake of lignans reduces the risk of many chronic diseases including cardiovascular diseases and all types of diabetes [55-58] Both flavonoids and phenolic acids were shown to exhibit antioxidant properties [11].”
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“Particularly, antioxidants (flavonoids) have been proposed to decrease cholesterol synthesis and suppress reactive oxygen species, nitrogen species formation and protect the antioxidant defence system [35].”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Arts, I. C., & Hollman, P. C.
- Affiliations
- Wageningen University & Research (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Arts, Ilja CW
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-01
- Volume
- 81
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 317S-325S
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2129133439
- Cited by
- 1,916
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 72 · 2023: 55 · 2022: 66 · 2021: 82 · 2020: 77 · 2019: 106 · 2018: 107 · 2017: 103 · 2016: 130 · 2015: 119 · 2014: 138 · 2013: 132 · 2012: 114
- FWCI
- 6.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- ZonMw
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Keywords
- plant polyphenols, flavonoids, flavonols, flavones, catechins, lignans, cardiovascular disease, cancer risk, lung cancer, stroke, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, dietary exposure assessment, residual confounding, prospective study design
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Animals, Antioxidants, Cardiovascular Diseases, Clinical Trials as Topic, Epidemiologic Methods, Female, Flavonoids, Humans, Male, Neoplasms, Phenols, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Polyphenols
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