Largely typical patterns of resting-state functional connectivity in high-functioning adults with autism
Open accessAbstract
A leading hypothesis for the neural basis of autism postulates globally abnormal brain connectivity, yet the majority of studies report effects that are either very weak, inconsistent across studies, or explain results incompletely. Here we apply multiple analytical approaches to resting-state BOLD-fMRI data at the whole-brain level. Neurotypical and high-functioning adults with autism displayed very similar patterns and strengths of resting-state connectivity. We found only limited evidence in autism for abnormal resting-state connectivity at the regional level and no evidence for altered connectivity at the whole-brain level. Regional abnormalities in functional connectivity in autism spectrum disorder were primarily in the frontal and temporal cortices. Within these regions, functional connectivity with other brain regions was almost exclusively lower in the autism group. Further examination showed that even small amounts of head motion during scanning have large effects on functional connectivity measures and must be controlled carefully. Consequently, we suggest caution in the interpretation of apparent positive findings until all possible confounding effects can be ruled out. Additionally, we do not rule out the possibility that abnormal connectivity in autism is evident at the microstructural synaptic level, which may not be reflected sensitively in hemodynamic changes measured with BOLD-fMRI.
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Our null results are in line with a previous study of high-functioning adults with ASD, which identified no meaningful differences in connectivity of any large-scale brain networks between ASD and control groups using ICA dual regression.
“Of note, our null results are in line with a previous study of high-functioning adults with ASD, which identified no meaningful differences in connectivity of any large-scale brain networks between ASD and control groups using ICA dual regression (Tyszka et al., 2014).”
From Investigating functional brain network integrity using a traditional and novel categorical scheme for neurodevelopmental disorders (2019) · cites this paper as Tyszka et al., 2014
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- Authors
- Tyszka, J. M., Kennedy, D. P., Paul, L. K., & Adolphs, R.
- Affiliations
- California Institute of Technology (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tyszka, J. M.
- Venue
- Cerebral Cortex
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2013-02-20
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1894-1905
- ISSN
- 1047-3211 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2199
- PMC
- PMC4051895
- OpenAlex
- W2168834656
- Cited by
- 187
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 10
- FWCI
- 14.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Cerebral Cortex (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (K99MH094409, R00MH094409, R01MH080721, P50MH094258)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, resting-state functional connectivity, high-functioning adults, global brain connectivity, frontal cortex, temporal cortex, BOLD fMRI, hemodynamic response
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Autistic Disorder, Brain, Brain Mapping, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Oxygen, Rest, Statistics as Topic
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