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ACSM Position Stand: The Recommended Quantity and Quality of Exercise for Developing and Maintaining Cardiorespiratory and Muscular Fitness, and Flexibility in Healthy Adults
Abstract
ACSM Position Stand on The Recommended Quantity and Quality of Exercise for Developing and Maintaining Cardiorespiratory and Muscular Fitness, and Flexibility in Adults. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 30, No. 6, pp. 975-991, 1998. The combination of frequency, intensity, and duration of chronic exercise has been found to be effective for producing a training effect. The interaction of these factors provide the overload stimulus. In general, the lower the stimulus the lower the training effect, and the greater the stimulus the greater the effect. As a result of specificity of training and the need for maintaining muscular strength and endurance, and flexibility of the major muscle groups, a well-rounded training program including aerobic and resistance training, and flexibility exercises is recommended. Although age in itself is not a limiting factor to exercise training, a more gradual approach in applying the prescription at older ages seems prudent. It has also been shown that aerobic endurance training of fewer than 2 d.wk-1, at less than 40-50% of VO2R, and for less than 10 min-1 is generally not a sufficient stimulus for developing and maintaining fitness in healthy adults. Even so, many health benefits from physical activity can be achieved at lower intensities of exercise if frequency and duration of training are increased appropriately. In this regard, physical activity can be accumulated through the day in shorter bouts of 10-min durations. In the interpretation of th…
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“Studies of either prescribed steady-state or interval AET that employed at least a moderate intensity effort (> 40% VO2MAX) were included, since this intensity is the minimum recommended for sedentary individuals [36, 37].”
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(2009) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e3181915670 · Cited by 4,332
Janssen, I., Heymsfield, S. B., & Ross, R. (2002) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50216.x · Cited by 3,139
Metadata
- Authors
- Pollock, M. L., Gaesser, G. A., Butcher, J. D., Despr??s, J.-P., Dishman, R. K., Franklin, B. A., & Garber, C. E.
- Affiliations
- American College of Sports Medicine (US)
- Venue
- Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
- Published
- 1998-06
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 975-991
- ISSN
- 0195-9131 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2078218199
- Cited by
- 3,051
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2025: 21 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 72 · 2020: 79 · 2019: 71 · 2018: 66 · 2017: 99 · 2016: 98 · 2015: 101 · 2014: 118 · 2013: 129 · 2012: 178
- FWCI
- 11.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Keywords
- exercise prescription, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength and endurance, flexibility, aerobic endurance training, resistance training, training overload, training specificity, exercise frequency and duration, exercise intensity, older adults, warm-up and cool-down, physical activity, lifestyle modification, healthy adults
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Body Composition, Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Oxygen Consumption, Physical Fitness, Societies, Medical, Sports Medicine, Exercise, Guidelines as Topic, Muscle, Skeletal, Pliability
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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