CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 103Fungal and yeast genetics researchAntifungal resistance and susceptibilityYeasts and Rust Fungi Studies

Phenotypic switching and filamentation in Candida glabrata

Lachke, Salil A., Joly, Sophie, Daniels, Karla, Soll, David R.·2002·Microbiology
DOI 10.1099/00221287-148-9-2661
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Candida glabrata switches spontaneously, reversibly and at high frequency among the following four phenotypes distinguishable by graded colony colouration on CuSO(4)-containing agar: white (Wh), light brown (LB), dark brown (DB) and very dark brown (vDB). These phenotypes also differ in a graded fashion in the level of expression of the metallothionein gene MTII (Wh vDB), the frequency of switching (Wh>LB>DB>vDB) and colouration on phloxine B-containing agar (Wh>LB>DB>vDB). Switching among the four graded phenotypes is referred to as 'the core switching system'. An additional switch phenotype, 'irregular wrinkle' (IWr), has been identified, which exhibits a highly wrinkled colony morphology. The characteristics of IWr suggest that switching to and from this phenotype represents a second high-frequency switching system. A microscopic analysis revealed that during the first 3 days of colony development, cells in the centres of Wh, LB, DB and vDB colonies expressed almost exclusively the budding yeast phenotype. After 3 days, however, pseudohyphae and cells extending tubes accumulated, so that by 7 days the proportions of these two cellular phenotypes reached 40-50% and 10-20%, respectively. In contrast, IWr colonies were composed almost exclusively of pseudohyphae through the first 6 days of colony development. After 6 days, IWr colonies began to accumulate both budding yeast cells and tubes. The tubes formed by C. glabrata reached lengths of up to six cell diameters, but the tubes did not represent traditional compartmentalized hyphae. Tube growth ended when the tube tip expanded to form a bud. Tubes then functioned as corridors for daughter nucleus migration to the apical bud, and were ultimately left uncompartmentalized and nucleus free. Core switching, pseudohypha formation and tube formation occurred in a majority of 62 tested clinical isolates, demonstrating that these developmental programmes are general characteristics of most strains of C. glabrata.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1099/00221287-148-9-2661

Cites

44 of 44 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • C. glabrata exhibits four different-colored colony types, white, light brown, dark brown and very dark brown, in the presence of copper sulfate or phloxine B.

    “C. glabrata is known to exhibit four different-colored colony types, white, light brown, dark brown and very dark brown, in the presence of copper sulfate or phloxine B [68].”

    From Candida glabrata: A Lot More Than Meets the Eye (2019) · cites this paper as [68]

  • Switching between these colony phenotypes is common, spontaneous and reversible.

    “Switching between these phenotypes, that was found to be common, spontaneous and reversible [68], had also been shown to occur at sites of colonization in vaginitis patients [69].”

    From Candida glabrata: A Lot More Than Meets the Eye (2019) · cites this paper as [68]

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

3 of the 47 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Lachke, S. A., Joly, S., Daniels, K., & Soll, D. R.
Affiliations
University of Iowa (US)
Corresponding author
Soll, David R.
ORCID
Venue
Microbiology
Publisher
Microbiology Society
Published
2002-09-01
Volume
148
Issue
9
Pages
2661-2674
ISSN
  • 1350-0872 (ISSN-L)
  • 1465-2080
DOI
10.1099/00221287-148-9-2661
OpenAlex
W1828773039
Cited by
103
References
47
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 3
FWCI
2.09
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Microbiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI-2392)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies
Keywords
Candida glabrata, phenotypic switching, filamentation, colony morphology, pseudohyphae, tube formation, nuclear migration, clinical isolates
MeSH terms
Genes, Fungal, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Morphogenesis, Phenotype, Staining and Labeling, Blotting, Northern, Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal, Copper Sulfate, Candida glabrata

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review