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Immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer therapy: a focus on T‐regulatory cells

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Sasidharan Nair, Varun, Elkord, Eyad·2018·Immunology & Cell Biology

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Abstract

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play essential roles in immune homeostasis; however, their role in tumor microenvironment (TME) is not completely evident. Several studies reported that infiltration of Tregs into various tumor tissues promotes tumor progression by limiting antitumor immunity and supporting tumor immune evasion. Furthermore, in TME, Tregs include heterogeneous subsets of cells expressing different immunosuppressive molecules favoring tumor progression. For an effective cancer therapy, it is critical to understand the Treg heterogeneity and biology in the TME. Recent studies have shown that immune checkpoint molecules promote cancer progression through various antitumor inhibitory mechanisms. Recent advances in cancer immunotherapy have shown the promising potentials of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI s) in inducing antitumor immune responses and clinical benefits in patients with cancer at late stages. Most studies revealed the effect of ICI s on T effector cells, and little is known about their effect on Tregs. In this review, we highlight the effects of the ICI s, including anti‐CTLA‐4, anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1, anti‐LAG‐3, anti‐TIM‐3, and anti‐TIGIT, on tumor‐infiltrating and peripheral Tregs to elicit effector T‐cell functions against tumors. Additionally, we discuss how ICI s may target Tregs for cancer immunotherapy.

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See all 298

Authors: Sasidharan Nair, V., & Elkord, E.
Venue: Immunology & Cell Biology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2017-11-17
Volume: 96
Issue: 1
Pages: 21-33
ISSN: 0004-945X (ISSN-L)
0818-9641
1440-1711
DOI: 10.1111/imcb.1003
OpenAlex: W2782676239
Cited by: 298
References: 117
FWCI: 8.62
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze

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Immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer therapy: a focus on T‐regulatory cells

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