Cited by 831Inflammasome and immune disordersImmune Response and InflammationIL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways

Initiation and perpetuation of NLRP 3 inflammasome activation and assembly

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Elliott, Eric I., Sutterwala, Fayyaz S.·2015·Immunological Reviews

Abstract

Summary: The NLRP 3 ( NOD ‐like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3) inflammasome is a multiprotein complex that orchestrates innate immune responses to infection and cell stress through activation of caspase‐1 and maturation of inflammatory cytokines pro‐interleukin‐1β (pro‐ IL ‐1β) and pro‐ IL ‐18. Activation of the inflammasome during infection can be protective, but unregulated NLRP 3 inflammasome activation in response to non‐pathogenic endogenous or exogenous stimuli can lead to unintended pathology. NLRP 3 associates with mitochondria and mitochondrial molecules, and activation of the NLRP 3 inflammasome in response to diverse stimuli requires cation flux, mitochondrial Ca 2+ uptake, and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species accumulation. It remains uncertain whether NLRP 3 surveys mitochondrial integrity and senses mitochondrial damage, or whether mitochondria simply serve as a physical platform for inflammasome assembly. The structure of the active, caspase‐1‐processing NLRP 3 inflammasome also requires further clarification, but recent studies describing the prion‐like properties of ASC have advanced the understanding of how inflammasome assembly and caspase‐1 activation occur while raising new questions regarding the propagation and resolution of NLRP 3 inflammasome activation. Here, we review the mechanisms and pathways regulating NLRP 3 inflammasome activation, discuss emerging concepts in NLRP 3 complex organization, and expose the knowledge gaps hindering a comprehensive understanding of NLRP 3 activation.

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Crossref · 10.1111/imr.12286

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  • The NLRP3 inflammasome responds to a broad range of second signals that produce inflammasome formation/activation, including ATP, K+ efflux, β-amyloid, silica, uric acid crystals, and ROS.

    “The NLRP3 inflammasome is also unusual in that it responds to a very broad range of signals as the second event that produces inflammasome formation/activation (eg, ATP, K+ efflux, β-amyloid, silica, uric acid crystals, ROS; (Elliott and Sutterwala, 2015).”

    From Danger Signals and Inflammasomes: Stress-Evoked Sterile Inflammation in Mood Disorders (2017) · cites this paper as Elliott and Sutterwala, 2015

  • The NLRP3 inflammasome responds to a broad range of signals, for example, ATP, K+ efflux, β-amyloid, silica, uric acid crystals, and reactive oxygen species.

    “The NLRP3 inflammasome responds to a broad range of signals, for example, ATP, K+ efflux, β-amyloid, silica, uric acid crystals, and reactive oxygen species (ROS)(Elliott and Sutterwala, 2015).”

    From Danger Signals and Inflammasomes: Stress-Evoked Sterile Inflammation in Mood Disorders (2017) · cites this paper as Elliott and Sutterwala, 2015

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Authors
Elliott, E. I., & Sutterwala, F. S.
Affiliations
University of Iowa (US)
Corresponding author
Sutterwala, Fayyaz S.
Venue
Immunological Reviews
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2015-04-16
Volume
265
Issue
1
Pages
35-52
ISSN
  • 0105-2896 (ISSN-L)
  • 1600-065X
OpenAlex
W2068633454
Cited by
821
References
186
Citations by year
2026: 39 · 2025: 56 · 2024: 87 · 2023: 93 · 2022: 127 · 2021: 98 · 2020: 87 · 2019: 79 · 2018: 63 · 2017: 43 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 11
FWCI
4.98
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Immunological Reviews (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
NIH (R01 AI087630, T32 GM007337)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
Keywords
NLRP3 inflammasome, inflammasome assembly, caspase-1 activation, mitochondrial calcium uptake, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, innate immunity
MeSH terms
NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein, Animals, Carrier Proteins, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Mitochondria, Calcium Signaling, Caspase 1, Multiprotein Complexes, Inflammasomes

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